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CHAPTER 13 QUIZ Question 1 1. According to the textbook, what is the relationship between leisure and work? Sociologists argue that one’s job completely dictates one’s leisure activities. Sociologists see leisure as the opposite of work. Sociologists claim that leisure and work are completely unrelated. Sociologists see them as complementary activities within a capitalist economic system linked by consumption. 2 points Question 2 1. Which theory argues that individuals tend to seek out and listen to only those messages which are in alignment with their existing attitudes and beliefs? the hypodermic needle theory reinforcement theory agenda setting theory the two-step flow model the active audience theory 2 points Question 3 1. What did Kerry Ferris find in her research on Star Trek and soap-opera fan clubs? These groups tended to be relatively short-lived because they were unable to sustain a bond based solely on a television program. While the members did initially bond because of their common interest, eventually they did branch out and began to pursue things
like community service projects. The bonds based on such shared interests do not create a real sense of community. Important social groups are eclipsed by the rhetoric of radical individual rights. 2 points Question 4 1. Which theory focuses on how the mass media can influence the public by the way stories are presented in the news? the hypodermic needle theory reinforcement theory agenda setting theory the two-step flow model the active audience theory 2 points Question 5 1. A group of like-minded people who enjoy cultural products in the same way are called: role models interpretative communities socioeconomic classes lifestyle enclaves hobbyists 2 points
Question 6 1. People who have taken footage of Star Trek episodes and created new stories out of it by splicing together different scenes are practicing: interpretive strategies. encoding and decoding. textual poaching. communitarianism . 2 points Question 7 1. What is the “ commodification of recreational activities” mean? It is now easier than it used to be to find fun things to do. We now pay money for fun whereas we used to make our own fun . We seek to have others entertain us as opposed to entertaining ourselves. We enjoy getting out of the house more than we used to. 2 points Question 8 1. The ownership of media companies of all kinds is now concentrated in the hands of fewer and fewer large conglomerates, which is called: social change conglomera tion concentrati on
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synergy a merger 2 points Question 9 1. Sociologists are interested in the association between leisure and: the media and none of the above are wrong answers social class personal interests spontaneity 2 points CHAPTER 8 QUIZ Question 1 1. Which of the following is true concerning race and ethnicity? There is less genetic diversity within racial populations than between them. Modern social scientists agree that there are basically three “pure” races. The meanings attached to race and ethnicity are created, maintained, and modified over time through social processes. Our racial identities have almost no effects on our sense of self. 2 points
Question 2 1. A social category that is applied to a group with a shared ancestry or cultural heritage is known as: race ethnicity symbolic ethnicity situational ethnicity a minority group 1 points Question 3 1. What process is the central idea behind America’s “melting pot”? population transfer segregation disenfranchise ment assimilation 2 points Question 4 1. An ethnic identity that can be either displayed or concealed depending on its usefulness in a given situation is called: situational ethnicity. racial ethnicity. symbolic ethnicity.
subtle ethnicity. 1 points Question 5 1. An inflexible attitude about a particular group of people is known as: racism discrimination prejudice institutional discrimination all of the above 1 points Question 6 1. To sociologists, what is a minority? A group that is smaller in numbers than the dominant group. People in a social category who receive unequal treatment as a result of that status. People who are under the age of consent. A small group of people in society that have access to most or the money and social resources a society has to offer all of the above 1 points Question 7 1. The elements of our identity that are generated through others’ perceptions of our physical traits are called: ethnic
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identity. racial identity. embodied identity. actual identity. 1 points Question 8 1. Which of the following is true concerning conflict theory and the study of race in the United States? Conflict theory focuses on race as a lived experience. Conflict theorists believe that a split labor market can help create a more equitable economic situation for all minority groups within society. Conflict theory explains of how prejudice and discrimination develop by focusing on the differences in power and economic resources of ethnic groups. Conflict theory explains of how prejudice and discrimination develop by focusing on group cohesion. 2 points Question 9 1. What is the key distinction between symbolic ethnicity and situational ethnicity? Symbolic ethnicity involves appraising each situation to determine whether or not it favors one’s ethnicity, while situational ethnicity does not. Situational ethnicity mainly involves the use of behaviors to demonstrate ethnicity, while symbolic ethnicity involves the use of symbols. Situational ethnicity involves a cost-benefit analysis that symbolic ethnicity does not. Symbolic ethnicity and situational ethnicity are basically the same concept. 2 points
Question 10 1. Which of the following is true concerning functionalist theory and the study of race in the United States? Functionalism explains of how prejudice and discrimination develop by focusing on the differences in power and economic resources of ethnic groups. Functionalism explains of how prejudice and discrimination develop by focusing on group cohesion. Functionalism claims that cultural differences, and the lack of integration into the larger society by minorities, tend to feed acceptance and equality. Functionalism has proven very successful in explaining the persistence of racial divisions in society. 2 points Question 11 1. The celebration of St. Patrick’s day, including eating traditional Irish foods, would be an example of a: situational ethnicity. racial ethnicity. symbolic ethnicity . subtle ethnicity. 1 points Question 12 1. A social category, based on real or perceived biological differences between groups of people is known as: race ethnicity symbolic ethnicity
situational ethnicity a minority group 1 points Question 13 1. An ideology or set of beliefs about the superiority of one racial or ethnic group over another is known as: racism discrimination prejudice institutional discrimination all of the above CH. 9 QUIZ Question 1 1. Which of the following agents of socialization are responsible for gender role socialization? family schools peers the media all of the above
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1 points Question 2 1. The men’s rights movement argues: that men should support feminism because men’s lives are also constrained by gender and sexism. that men are actually discriminated against and even oppressed in both the legal arena and in everyday life because of feminism. that the idea that men are superior is a burden and that men will be happier if society becomes less sexist. that men need to share more of the responsibilities of childcare and contest violence against women. 1 points Question 3 1. According to the textbook, what is feminism? The belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes. The social movements organized around the belief in equality of the sexes. The belief that women are better than men. The belief in the social, political, and economic equality of the sexes and the social movements organized around that belief. 1 points Question 4 1. An individual who has an abnormal chromosomal makeup and mixed or indeterminate male and female sex characteristics is called: bisexual. intersexed . dimorphis tic. transsexu al.
1 points Question 5 1. Which of the following best characterizes a transsexual person? A transsexual’s chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively male nor exclusively female. A transsexual individual identifies with the opposite sex and has surgery to alter their own sex so it fits their self-image. A transsexual individual is a person who is attracted to the same sex but doesn’t want to be considered homosexual. A transsexual individual’s sense of self and gender identity differ from their physical sex. 1 points Question 6 1. Which of the following is true concerning family and gender role socialization? Families do not play any role in socialization. Children exhibit gender stereoTOPd behaviors beginning around the age of 12. Gender role socialization usually does not begin until young adulthood when people must make decisions about marriage. Gender often plays a role in the chores or privileges girls and boys are given. 1 points Question 7 1. Women earn about _____ percent of what men do. 5 4 6 7 7 7 9 3
1 points Question 8 1. In Native American cultures, which of the following would be an example of a berdache? A tribal leader who was banished from his tribe for appearing to be weak. A male who dressed as a woman and took on tasks such as cooking and cleaning. A female who was seen by the males as an excellent marriage prospect. A member of one tribe who was attempting to join a completely different tribe. 1 points Question 9 1. In the United States, men control most of the economic resources and have access to more jobs and opportunities. This type of society could be described as: a patriarchy a matriarchy a sexist society a functional society all of the above 1 points Question 10 1. Newborn baby girls being given pink sleepers is an example of: gender role socialization. social learning.
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sexual identity theory. life chances. 1 points Question 11 1. The period of feminist activism in the United States, including the period from the mid-nineteenth century until American women won the right to vote in 1920 is known as: first wave feminism second wave feminism third wave feminism pro-feminist men’s movement the expressive movement 1 points Question 12 1. Which sociological perspective asserts that men have historically had access to most of society’s material resources and privileges, and consequently they generally seek to maintain their dominant status? feminists functionalists conflict theorists interactionist s all of the above
1 points Question 13 1. Which of the following best characterizes a transgendered person? A transgendered individual enjoys dressing as the opposite sex in public. A transgendered individual enjoys dressing as the opposite sex in private. A transgendered individual is a person who is attracted to the same sex but doesn’t want to be considered homosexual. A transgendered individual’s sense of self and gender identity differ from their physical sex 1 points Question 14 1. The process of learning behavior and meanings through social interaction is known as: the second shift the expressive role social learning suffrage essentialism 1 points Question 15 1. When does gender role socialization begin? when a child decides on his or her first girlfriend or boyfriend when a child receives his or her first toy when a child first goes to school
as soon as the sex of the baby is known, even if the baby is still in the womb as soon as people outside the family start interacting with the baby 1 points Question 16 1. Which of the following best describes queer theory? It rejects the idea of a single gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender identity. It goes against the arguments made by mainstream gay rights advocates who focus on the biological basis of homosexuality. It holds that innate, inborn sexual identity is too limiting. It emphasizes the claim that people don’t have to be restricted to either heterosexuality or homosexuality. All of the above 1 points Question 17 1. A little boy falls and scrapes his knee. When he cries, his father tells him not to act like a little girl—boys don’t cry. What’s happening here? gender role socialization the second shift feminism male liberationism the men’s movement 1 points Question 18
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1. Essentialists believe that: gender is unambiguous, two-category system, in which culture plays no role biology may be neither the sole nor the primary factor in determining masculinity and femininity gender is a social construction male-female categories aren’t the only way of classifying individuals the meaning of masculinity and femininity may differ drastically in different societies and historical periods CHAPTER 10 QUIZ Question 1 1. The values or behaviors that students learn indirectly over the course of their schooling because of the educational system’s structure and teaching methods is called: tracking. intrinsic education. the hidden curriculum. simulacrum. 1 points Question 2 1. The central means by which a society transmits its knowledge, values, and expectations to its members is: politics democracy religion
education parental guidance 1 points Question 3 1. The symbolic interactionist study done by Rosenthal and Jacobson on teacher expectations and student achievement found that: a teacher’s expectations have very little to do with student achievement. when teachers expected students to succeed, the students tended to improve. students in poor neighborhoods are trapped in poor schools, which reinforces inequality in student achievement. reproducing the existing class structure is the true function of education, though inequality in teacher expectations. 1 points Question 4 1. The formal, organized agency that exercises power and control in modern society is called: the government the elite politics authority regime 1 points Question 5 1. What is referred to as the Fourth Estate of the government?
school s religio n media famili es 1 points Question 6 1. What sociological assumption does the controversy over having children recite the Pledge of Allegiance containing the phrase “One nation, under God” illustrate? Institutions such as religion and education should never be mixed. Social institutions play an important role in the lives of Americans even when they aren’t explicitly aware of it. Combining social institutions always leads to conflict and disagreement. Social institutions don’t play a major role in the lives of most mainstream Americans. 1 points Question 7 1. Great Britain’s government in which their remains official kings and queens but who have limited official power that is checked by an elected parliament is an example of which form of government: absolute monarchy totalitarianism dictatorship constitutional monarchy
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1 points Question 8 1. The lessons that students learn indirectly but that are an implicit part of their socialization in the school environment are considered: education hidden curriculum official curriculum tertiary socialization charter schools 1 points Question 9 1. Students in high schools are placed in certain types of courses such as “gifted” or “remedial education.” This process is known as: tracking hidden curriculum chartering early college high school school vouchers 1 points Question 10 1. Attendance at a religious service is an example of _______ religiosity. intrinsi c secular
liberati on extrinsi c 1 points Question 11 1. The consistent and regular practice of religious beliefs is known as: religiosity religion fundamentalism secularization institutionalized religion 1 points Question 12 1. An institutionalized system of shared beliefs and rituals is known as: politics democracy religion education a denominati on 1 points Question 13
1. Symbolic objects, such as a cross or a statue of Buddha, that many religions consider to be divine or holy are examples of the: profan e. secula r. sacre d. ritual. 1 points Question 14 1. The pluralist theory of power states that: power is held by a variety of organizations and institutions. power is held by a relatively small group of people who occupy the top positions of control within the economic, political, and military institutions of the country. power is taken by seizing it in order to become an absolutist leader. most people who achieve power ultimately become corrupt due to the influence of money. 1 points Question 15 1. Which of the following is a function of religion? Religion shapes everyday behaviors. Religion provides morals, values, rules, and norms for its participants. Religion gives meaning to our lives. Religion provides the opportunity to come together with others. All of the above are functions of religion.
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1 points Question 16 1. Which of the following is NOT a part of the hidden curriculum? lessons that students learn indirectly but that are an implicit part of their socialization in the school environment rules, routines, and regulations that produce a submissive and obedient workforce that is prepared to take orders and perform repetitive tasks a reinforced image of what is considered normal, right, or good the promotion of personal improvement and social mobility 1 points Question 17 1. The methods and tactics intended to influence government policy and policy-related attitudes and activities are called: the government. politics. power. authoritariani sm. 1 points Question 18 1. Criminals who are unable to vote because states have laws preventing them from doing so are an example of potential voters who are: disgruntled. disenfranchis ed. apathetic.
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unpatriotic. CH. 17 QUIZ Question 1 1. Sociologists often study the dynamics of family in ways that challenge traditional notions of biological or legal relations that have historically defined family. Tru e Fals e 1 points Question 2 1. Which theory argues that there are inherent inequalities both within and between families? structural functionalism conflict theory labeling theory symbolic interactionism 1 points Question 3 1. What is the second shift? The second job that a person has to work to support their family. The overtime that a person gets from his or her primary job in an attempt to supplement wages. The unpaid work that women do inside the home after working a regular job outside the home.
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all of the above 1 points Question 4 1. Which of the following is true concerning family and the life course? A couple’s gendered division of labor tends to become more traditional when children are born. Marital satisfaction tends to increase when there are small children in the home. Parents are never influenced by their children. The family ceases to be an influential factor in people’s lives once they graduate high school. 1 points Question 5 1. Which of the following would be considered a nuclear family? a heterosexual couple and their children a heterosexual couple raising their grandchildren a homosexual couple raising their adopted children a widowed woman raising her children alone two divorced people, living with one another, raising each others’ children from their previous relationships 1 points Question 6 1. Cooking dinner and cutting the grass are examples of: expressive tasks. gendered tasks.
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instrumental tasks. propinquity tasks. 1 points Question 7 1. Which theory sees the family as a cultural universal and tries to identify its purpose for society? structural functionalism conflict theory labeling theory symbolic interactionism 1 points Question 8 1. Which sociological theorist would view family as a cultural universal and try to identify its purpose for society? a conflict theorist a structural- functionalist a symbolic interactionist a feminist all of the above 1 points Question 9 1. Groups who form communal living arrangements that include ecovillages, cohousing, residential land trusts, communes, monasteries
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and ashrams, farming collectives, student co-ops, or urban housing cooperatives are known as: non-traditional communities intentional communities cohabitation communities specialized colonies none of the above 1 points Question 10 1. What do sociologists call the situation when adults are called on to care for their elderly parents as well as their own children? second shift intentional community miscegenation sandwich generation 1 points Question 11 1. Which of the following is true concerning gender and family labor? The roles of men and women within the family were not considered equal until after the Industrial Revolution. The roles that men and women played within the family were quite similar until the Industrial Revolution. Women are more likely than men to have the dual workload of paid labor outside the home and unpaid labor inside the home. Women’s labor inside the home became a source of economic power for women over men.
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1 points Question 12 1. Which theory focuses on how family relations are created and maintained through everyday actions? structural functionalism conflict theory labeling theory symbolic interactionism 1 points Question 13 1. Which of the following is true concerning propinquity and mate selection? We tend to have relationships with those who are similar to us in age. We tend to have relationships with those who share a similar level of attractiveness. We tend to have relationships with those who are similar to us in education level. We tend to have relationships with those who live near us. 1 points Question 14 1. Which sociological theorist would argue that there are inherent inequalities both within and between families? a conflict theorist a structural- functionalist a symbolic interactionist
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a feminist all of the above 1 points Question 15 1. Which of the following is true concerning divorce? Children of divorced parents are more likely marry than children of nondivorced parents. People who get divorced rarely remarry because they do not want to make the same mistake again. Women are more likely to suffer downward economic mobility after divorce, especially if they retain custody of their children. Remarriage rates are higher now than they were before the 1960s. 1 points Question 16 1. How do contemporary sociologists define family? Relatives or relations, usually those related by common descent A social group whose members are bound by legal, biological, or emotional ties, or a combination of all three Two or more individuals related by blood, marriage, or adoption living in the same household A two-parent household with children 1 points Question 17 1. Despite the changes in family trends, we still have a single, culturally dominant family pattern in the United States for Americans to conform and aspire to. Tru e
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Fals e 1 points Question 18 1. Before the Industrial Revolution, “family” tended to mean: the immediate family (husband, wife, and direct offspring). only a husband and wife. extended family (husband, wife, offspring, grandparents, brothers, sisters) . nearly anything. 1 points Save and Submit CH.14 QUIZ 1. Illness can be socially constructed True False 3 points Question 2 1. The process by which something that was not considered a medical condition is redefined as an illness over time is called a . Epidemiology b . Symbolic Interactionism c . Palliative care d Medicalization
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. 3 points Question 3 1. Seeing disease as a threat to the social order and the health care system as a necessary institution to help combat illness is the view of which theory a . Structural Functionalism b . Symbolic Interactionism c . Post-modernism d . Conflict Theory 3 points Question 4 1. A regime to address back pain that combines anti-inflammatory medication and yoga could be an example of a . Conventional medicine b . Integrative medicine c . Preventative medicine d . Alternative medicine 3 points Question 5 1. The sick role is defined as a . When illness is shown in television shows b . Another term for patient
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c . The actions and attitudes that society expects from someone who is ill d . A theory related to the medicalization of alcoholism 3 points Question 6 1. The American Medical Association (AMA) is a . An organization that makes health recommendations b . A trade union c . An organization that governs medical licensure d . All of the above e . A and C only
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