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1 Self-Disclosure and Cultural Competence Angie Cook Master of Social Work, Walden University SOCW 6111: Advanced Clinical Social Work Practice Dr. Janine Holstein March 9, 2024

2 Self-Disclosure and Clinical Competence Self-disclosure and cultural competence are critical skills in effective social work. Social workers must possess self-disclosure skills that allow the client to be able to build trust with the social worker and allow for the social worker to relate to the client to allow the client to see that the social worker understands their situation and is not a robot(Pomerantz & Appelt, 2023, pp. 1- 2). Cultural competence is understanding the client's culture to respect and continue to develop a client/social worker relationship. This paper will elaborate on self-disclosure and cultural competence by discussing examples from real-life experiences in the social work profession (Grothaus et al., 2012, pp. 52-53). Ramifications of Self-Disclosure Deciding when and why a social worker will use self-disclosure is crucial. Self-disclosure can benefit a therapeutic relationship, and it can also harm a therapeutic relationship. It benefits the relationship by allowing the client to see that you are also human and can relate to the situation that they are in, providing validation and building trust between the social worker and the client (Szczygiel, 2020). Self-disclosure harms the relationship when the client feels that the focus is no longer on the client, leaving the client lacking confidence in the therapist and feeling as if they need to provide care for the therapist (Pomerantz & Appelt, 2023, p. 5). Social workers must find the delicate balance of using self-disclosure and only use it when it will benefit the client. In my experience as a social worker, I have used self-disclosure to connect and empower them. Working as a wraparound facilitator, many children have extreme behaviors, and it can be exhausting for a parent or caregiver to stay on top of it all. When a parent felt like they were going to give up because no one understood what they were going through, I used my experience

3 as a parent of a teenager living with suicidal ideation and the effects on me. I was able to allow the parent to be validated, provide the parent with an understanding of the situation, and provide empathy while strengthening the relationship. If I overshared, the parent may not feel confident in my ability to support the parent as they navigate the systems of a parent of a suicidal teenager. Importance of Cultural Compliance in Client Interactions Cultural competence is crucial when providing social work services to clients from diverse cultural backgrounds. Cultural beliefs and values can differ from culture to culture, and social workers must be fluent in developing treatment plans by respecting cultural beliefs to build trust and create a connection with the therapist to feel safe and supported (Grothaus et al., 2012, p. 61). Early in my social work career, I visited a family from Africa who always served food as a sign of respect. Declining was difficult, but explaining my dietary restrictions led to discussing their culture. They graciously offered tea instead. Researching their culture beforehand helped me approach them respectfully and acknowledge their traditions without offending them. Conclusion In conclusion, self-disclosure and cultural competence must be utilized in social work to validate and empower the client. Self-disclosure provides an opportunity to connect with the client and reassure them by providing lived experiences. Cultural competence provides a guide to providing therapy respectfully to ensure the family feels supported. Through understanding self- disclosure and cultural competence, social workers can develop a sense of safety and support for clients to feel empowered and validated when addressing their concerns.

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4 References Grothaus, T., Mcauliffe, G., & Craigen, L. (2012). Infusing cultural competence and advocacy into strength‐based counseling. The Journal of Humanistic Counseling, 51(1), 51–65. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1939.2012.00005.x National Association of Social Workers. Code of ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. (2021). https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of- Ethics-English Pomerantz, A. M., & Appelt, C. T. (2023). “Me too, generally speaking”: Therapist self- disclosure of psychological problems specifically or nonspecifically similar to those of the patient. Practice Innovations. https://doi.org/10.1037/pri0000229 Szczygiel, P. (2020). In the field – to self-disclose or not to self-disclose: That question is too simple Links to an external site. . The New Social Worker . https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/field-to-self-disclose-or-not-to-self- disclose-that-question-is-too-simple/

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