Unit 10 Assignment 1

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Integrating Theory into Professional Practice LeAndra McFadden March 15, 2019 Human Behavior and the Social Environment 1

System Theory is my choice of systems to use. This theory says that Joe’s behavior is influenced by something or someone. According to this theory, all behavior is influenced by factors that work as a system. Joe being late for school just about everyday is a factor to consider. Joe coming to school dirty and smelly everyday is a factor. School administrators and staff should have caught on to Joe’s problem by now. In the movie, they showed a clip where in earlier times Joe did not want to say what his father did for a living. But instead of getting Joe to talk about his other parent, the teacher insisted that he tell everyone about his father. This teacher was not trying to help Joe, she was trying to embarrass him, and she succeeded. My heart hurts for Joe even though this is a movie. But in reality, this happens to children each day in this world. They have to get jobs to help with the financial struggle of the house. But Joe’s and his brother’s jobs are only part time, so this isn’t enough money to pull the family out of economic distress. So, Joe goes to stealing and breaking and entering into other people’s property. Joe’s parents have failed him, but they don’t see this because they are focused on their own problems. We will begin by discussing the process of assessment, intervention and evaluation. System Theory: Process of Assessment, Intervention, and Evaluation Social workers are well committed to helping a population that includes those who are victims of violence. Social worker’s code of ethics requires them to report any suspected abuse and neglect of older adults and children (McClennen, J. P., Keys, A. M. P. L., & Day, M. P. M., 2016). The asses sment stage of the social worker practice consists of any information that was collected about the family during the first few times of meeting them. This assessment tool is two part. First, the social worker finds out why they are there to see them. Of course, you know, but it helps the client to say it and make it a reality for them. Bob will be separated from the family by now due to him being the cause of most of their problems. The strengths of the family

will be used for their good because once the embarrassing questions come out they will be encouraged by them. The second part consist of finding out if the family have any type of support. Is the neighborhood that they live in supportive of them? In the movie, there wasn’t any type of support given to the family. Maybe that was because they didn’t know what was happening with and to them. Finally, finding out if the family have any beliefs that they valued. Once again, there was nothing that I saw that would say they had any particular beliefs or values. Helping Joe’s family will take a skill of listening to what they are saying so that I can help them with humility and compassion. This process continues with intervention. Intervention is doing the work that was decided upon in the assessment phase of this process. Its purpose is to reduce the stress, resolve the problems and improve the overall well-being of the family. The intervention process will begin by finding the family a therapist that can help them sort through their issues. I would put Theresa in contact with someone to help her learn new skills so that she can get a better job which would lead to more money and a better life for her and the children. While going through this process, Theresa will be coping with not having her husband in her life and the transitioning process of it all. Meanwhile, Joe and Mike’s treatment depends on their age and type of abuse (McClennen, Keys & Day, 2016). Their intervention depends on their age at the time because communication skills are needed to be used in the treatment strategies (McClennen, Keys & Day, 2016). For adolescents, writing and talking are very helpful intervention strategies. Joe and Mike could release some of their anger by writing a letter to their father. Writing letters to the offender, even if not mailed, can be helpful in making it easy for them to express their feeling and maybe forgive their father (McClennen, Keys & Day, 2016). Once the intervention starts, the evaluation process must begin. Evaluation determines if the goals that are set are being met. A

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checklist can be formed from the standards set by national accrediting associations, advocacy groups or the notes taken by the social worker to monitor and identify areas of deficiency. ( Gerten, A., 2015) System Theory Guidance for Both Individual and Families System Theory’s goal is to help the family survive the situation that they are going through, in Theresa, Joe and Mike case, abuse and neglect. Also, there are people put in place that are there to help even though they are not involved. Joe did not have this support from his friends, family and teachers. Joe’s school counselor got involved after he couldn’t reach someone concerning Joe’s schooling. “Child abuse affects the structure and function of the brain. As abused children mature, they are unable to concentrate on their studies and their language skills are not as well developed as those of other children. Poor performance may lead to negative reactions from teachers and peers, which in turn can result in social isolation or aggression toward others” (McClennen, J. P., Keys, A. M. P. L., & Day, M. P. M., 2016). Using this theory allows the social worker to put individual attention on Joe, Mike and the parents. It was found that 26.6 percent of women reported experiencing abuse from husband or partner while 14.2 percent of children and young people have been exposed to it ( Peckover, S. (2014). This has become a wide spread problem, so it is being constructed as a public health and safeguarding children issue ( Peckover, S. (2014). Apply Knowledge to Understand Person and Environment The person-in-environment approach “recognizes that the human condition is influenced by an interaction of personal and environmental factors ( Lundahl, B. W. & Hull Jr., G. H., 2015).

Some personal factors could be psychological forces, relational forces, and personality while some environmental forces include opportunities, culture, and support ( Lundahl & Hull, 2015). It is common for abused adolescents to run away from home to escape further abuse, but even with opportunity, Joe nor Mark took this route (McClennen, Keys & Day, 2016). Being so unsupervised, they had the opportunity to do many things, but they only done a few. Person and environment say that a person can’t truly be understood unless the environment that they come from is understood. That’s why social workers find it very important to enter into the home and school of the persons that they are helping. Doing this provides a more adequate explanation of the individual’s problem. Personal-Environmental fit theory deals with psychological, physical and behavioral strains which deviates from normal functioning (Edwards, J. R., Caplan, R. D., & Harrison, R. V., 1998) “Psychological strains include dissatisfaction, anxiety, dysphoria, or complaints of insomnia or restlessness. Physiological strains include elevated blood pressure, elevated serum cholesterol, and compromised immune system functioning. Behavioral symptoms of strain include smoking, overeating, absenteeism, and frequent utilization of health care services.” (Edwards, Caplan & Harrison, 1998) In simpler terms, the person-environment theory speaks of overeating, elevated blood pressure and smoking which can lead to mental and physical illnesses (Edwards, Caplan & Harrison, 1998) For example, the boys normally buy junk food at the store when they have money. Instead of taking it home, they eat it in the store parking lot. This type of behavior, over eating, is their way of coping with their situation and it specifies that they don’t get regular meals at home. A social worker’s ability to think critically is the most important tool that they have ( Lundahl & Hull, 2015). Critical thinking helps the social worker to ask the right questions to find out what works and don’t work in the situation. Documented Examples to Support the Application of System Theory

System theory says that all behavior is influenced by factors that work as a system. For example, Joe’s parents, school, environment and economic situation causes Joe to lie and steal. His father owns money to teacher at school and the teacher is pressing Joe to talk to his father about it. This leads to a confrontation with Joe and his father where Joe ends up on the floor because his father hit him. Joe’s mother is no help at the moment because she has problems of her own from working long hours to coming home to be abused. His father works as the school janitor and this embarrassed Joe. So, he lied about his father’s occupation. The teacher knew this and decided to teach him a lesson by pulling his pants down in front of the class and spanking him. Instead of his father protecting Joe, he fusses at Joe because he feared that he may lose his job. Joe’s mother is not home to cook for the family so Joe eats junk food mostly for his meals. Since Joe’s father owns money to people at school and his mother’s favorite record collection was destroyed, Joe steals from his employer so that these problems can be resolved. If Joe’s home, school, environment and economic life is handled correctly, it will have a positive impact on his future behavior. And if it’s not handled, it will get worse.

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Resources Edwards, J. R., Caplan, R. D., & Harrison, R. V. (1998). Person-environment fit theory: Conceptual foundations, empirical evidence, and directions for future research. In C. L. Cooper (Ed.), Theories of organizational stress (pp. 28-67). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gerten, A. (2015). Teaching Note – Teaching Research Methods: Expanding Practice Evaluation Designs for Social Work Practice. Journal of Social Work Education , 51 (1), 169-176. http://doi-org.library.capella.edu/10.1080/10437797.2015.979092 Lundahl, B. W. & Hull Jr., G. H. (2015). Applied Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 1st ed. [Capella]. Retrieved from https://capella.vitalsource.com/ McClennen, J. P., Keys, A. M. P. L., & Day, M. P. M. (2016). Social work and family violence, second edition : Theories, assessment, and intervention . Retrieved from https://ebookcentral-proquest-com.library.capella.edu Peckover, S. (2014). Domestic Abuse, Safeguarding Children and Public Health: Towards an Analysis of Discursive Forms and Surveillant Techniques in Contemporary UK Policy and Practice. British Journal of Social Work , 44 (7), 1770–1787. https://doi- org.library.capella.edu/10.1093/bjsw/bct042

Unit 10 Assignment 1

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