SWK8045_WK2_A1

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1 BEST PRACTICES Supervision of Best Practice Choices Department of Social Work, Capella University SWK8045: Clinical Theories of Social Work Practice Dr. Jimenez October 18, 2023

2 BEST PRACTICES Supervision of Best Practices The first thing that needs to happen before working with a client is to complete a Bio- psychosocial spiritual assessment; a biosocial-spiritual assessment is used to understand the client's experiences, including their physical and mental health (Khalid & Naz, 2020). It includes numerous components to get a comprehensive picture of the client. The information gathered includes clients' family and personal life, current circumstances, needs, risk and protective factors, and the environmental context for their therapeutic needs. The four components of a biosocial spiritual assessment are biology, psychology, sociocultural and spiritual. The biopsychosocial spiritual is assessing and treating clients with a person-in-environment perspective. Green & McDermott 2010, describe the person-in-environment perspective as viewing all aspects of a person’s life and what is happening in and around them. Client 1: Adolescent of Syrian descent, female, living in rural Pennsylvania, presenting with depression. As a social worker, one is expected to work with clients from various backgrounds, as this field is diverse. Many of these cultures can differ from the social workers; they may have cultural considerations that the social worker needs to be aware of. The NASW Code of Ethics (2021) guides social work practitioners in ethical conduct and decision-making with clients. As this client is an adolescent, discussing confidentiality with her is vital. This will include what is shared with her parents and her privacy rights. This could potentially cause a problem with the parents due to the patient's culture; this is where culture competency comes into play, as the social worker should "demonstrate skills in the provision of culturally informed services that empower marginalized individuals and groups" (NASW, 2021, p. 14). The client reports feeling sad and tearful often; she feels her parents are Strict and force her to follow their faith when she wants something different. She reports not feeling validated or heard. Her father

3 BEST PRACTICES prevents her from leaving their house in anything other than the clothes he approves; she can only be friends with fellow Muslims and not associate with boys. This client presents with the need for interventions to be focused on learning healthy coping skills to manage depressive feelings and moods, promote positive family and community connections, and build strong support systems. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) would best suit this client. The client's presenting problem of depression and biopsychosocial spiritual assessment suggests the DSM-V diagnosis of Major depressive disorder (F33.1). Client 2: Latino male, age 75, living in Dallas, Texas, presenting with dementia. Dementia and Alzheimer's can always be challenging for a social worker; ethical dilemmas that may arise when treating this client include self-determination, autonomy, and non-malfeasance. This can be a challenge at times; as a client with dementia, autonomy means maintaining a sense of self, fostering significant relationships, and having a way to express values. The Social worker will need to be aware of the cultural differences in the Latino culture versus their own so they are sensitive to their values and place importance on their beliefs. When exploring the needed interventions, the social worker must start with the patient's functional status to determine his needs and ensure the safety of himself and others. Interventions focus on the client's mental and emotional needs. Interventions with a Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) approach would be beneficial for this client. Client 3: Same-sex couple in a relationship for five years, living in Bangor, Maine, considering adoption. Numerous ethical issues can arise when working with this population; the social worker must be aware of their biases to provide the best service. There is such stigma around same-sex marriage and adoption; this will be a barrier that the social worker must overcome with the couple. The social worker needs to meet the patient where they are; this

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4 BEST PRACTICES includes anxiety due to the new changes, navigating their way around the adoption agencies, and society's view on same-sex partners having children. Their interventions would address the psychoeducation on the adoption process, any barriers they may face, and groups to support same-sex parents. This is causing sleep disturbances and irritability. The diagnosis I would use for these patients is F41. Generalized anxiety disorder. Client 4: Couple in a blended family with her two children (ages 2 and 4) and his three children (ages 10, 13, and 16) living in suburban Charleston, South Carolina, dealing with substance abuse by the 16-year-old. When working with a family suffering from a substance abuse member, it is essential to remember that this affects the whole family differently. The presenting problem or need for client four is the 16-year-old abusing drugs. They are seeing frequent mood swings and aggressive behaviors at home and school, and she has recently lost her job. His substance usage started when his mother and father separated and has become more frequent since his father moved in with his new wife and her children six months ago. Both the mother and father report that the other children are doing well with all the changes in the family, but the client has not been doing well and tells the father he wants to move in with his mother. (F12.20). Cannabis Use Disorder, severe. (309).28 adjustment disorder with mixed disturbances and conduct. The intervention for this blended family would be psychoeducation, family therapy, and individual counseling to identify the cause of the teen's usage (Wheeler & Deitz, 2019). Due to this client being a minor, rapport must be established with the client and the parents. Supervisor Challenges Ensuring they have a solid understanding of the DSM-V is vital when mentoring Social Workers. As the supervisor, challenge the supervisees to learn the criteria for each disorder by

5 BEST PRACTICES becoming the clients and looking from the inside out about their diagnosis. Lastly, I caution that The supervisees read the DSM-V criteria carefully, as a client may fit into numerous diagnoses.

6 BEST PRACTICES References. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.5thed. Washington D.C.: 2013. Green, D., & McDermott, F. (2010). Social work from inside and between complex systems: Perspectives on person-in-environment for today’s Social Work. British Journal of Social Work , 40 (8), 2414–2430. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcq056 Khalid, A., & Naz, M. A. (2020). A clinical study of the effectiveness of biopsychosocial- spiritual treatment approach for diabetic patients. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 70(1), 171–173. doi:10.5455/JPMA.11281 National Association of Social Workers (NASW). (2019). Aging. Retrieved from https://www.socialworkers.org/Practice/aging Wheeler, N. J. & Deitz, M. E. (2019). Ethical considerations for counseling stepfamilies. American Counseling Association, pp. 103-113

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