LRA#1

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Feb 20, 2024

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LRA#1 Library Research Assignment #1 Abdulrahman Bazara Q1: IFIMES, International Institute for Middle-East and Balkan studies, based in Ljubljana, Slovenia. 2021. “China’s ‘Belt and Road’ Initiative: Genesis and Development –

Analysis – Eurasia Review.” Eurasia Review. August 4, 2021. https://www.eurasiareview.com/04082021-chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-genesis- and-development-analysis/.

Q2: Topic: Role of Technology & Globalization in reshaping identity and culture among Chinese young people 2b. This topic mainly connects to two topics: Globalization and conflict. In fact, globalization is the center point of this topic, then conflict presents the possible consequences young Chinese people would face due to globalization. I believe that this combination of topics will assist in clarifying the main purpose of this research, which is formulating a cause-and-effect structure/method to feed into the research question. Because globalization on its own is quite a vague topic to assess the impact on Chinese young people, I paired it with technology to set a somewhat specific time my research is going to cover, and at the same have a considerable amount of room for research sources.

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3a: Source1: Encyclopedia Britannica. (n.d.). Cultural globalization - The persistence of local culture . [online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/science/cultural-globalization/The-persistence-of-local-culture . Source2: UKEssays.com. (2009). Globalization Impact on Chinese Culture . [online] Available at: https://www.ukessays.com/essays/cultural-studies/interaction-of-globalization-on- chinese-culture-cultural-studies-essay.php . Globalization presented many opportunities in various industries for China. It is one of the crucial components of the extraordinary economic growth the Chinese economy has been experiencing in the last decade. This opened vast amounts of economic opportunities that resulted in China taking the lead in different industries and markets. However, just like with any other country, globalization has its downsides on China, including but not limited to the loss of identity, the disseverment of Chinese society into in-groups and out-groups and the shift or loss of Chinese traditions (UKEssays.com, 2009). Moreover, the effect of

globalization on culture and tradition began to become more apparent after the death of Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong in 1976. After the economic liberation, Western suits became the norm towards the 1980s (Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d.). Although this may seem as a result from a political shift and not a cultural shift, Western tradition was slowly seeping into Chinese society and ultimately accepted as a norm. An example of this is the insertion of Western celebrations into Chinese society, such as Valentine’s Day, which became more favorable to young Chinese people and essentially took over traditional festivals which are almost ignored nowadays, such as the Dragon Boat festival. Although the encyclopedia goes into great detail about the effects of globalization on Chinese young adults, there is little information about the reasons behind the Western ideology takeover of Chinese traditions and culture. 3b: Keywords: - Cultural heterogenization: reduction of cultural diversity through the popularization and diffusion of a wide range of symbols, ideologies and values (Jennings, 2010) Jennings, J. (2010). Globalizations and the Ancient World . [online] Google Books . Cambridge University Press. Available at: https://books.google.com/books? id=mwaw6GxWIGcC&pg=PA132#v=onepage&q&f=false . o I chose this keyword because it is evidence that Chinese traditions and culture are slowly being replaced by Western ideology, and therefore a reduction of cultural diversity takes place - Homogenization: The Cultural homogenization Is a process in which a dominant culture invades or captures a local culture, returning to homogeneous society. (Life Persona, n.d.) Life Persona. (n.d.). What is Cultural Homogenization? [online] Available at: https://www.lifepersona.com/what-is-cultural- homogenization#:~:text=The%20Cultural%20homogenization%20Is%20a %20process%20in%20which [Accessed 3 Sep. 2021]. o I chose this keyword because it accurately defines what has been happening to the culture and traditions of Chinese young adults.

- Transitional communities: Transnational communities are social groups that emerge from mutual interaction across national boundaries, oriented around a common project or 'imagined' identity. (wiki.p2pfoundation.net, n.d.) wiki.p2pfoundation.net. (n.d.). Transnational Communities - P2P Foundation . [online] Available at: http://wiki.p2pfoundation.net/Transnational_Communities#:~:text= %E2%80%9CTransnational%20communities%20are%20social%20groups%20that %20emerge%20from [Accessed 3 Sep. 2021]. o I chose this keyword because this may have taken place in Chinese societies due to the boost in economic growth and the increase of international businesses importing their workforces into China because of better access to resources - Cultural Revolution: Launched by Mao Zedong in an attempt to preserve his place in history, fearing that China would develop along the lines of the Soviet model. Mao threw cities into turmoil in a monumental effort to reverse the historic processes underway (Lieberthal, 2019). Lieberthal, K.G. (2019). Cultural Revolution | Definition, Facts, & Failure. In: Encyclopædia Britannica . [online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/event/Cultural-Revolution . o I chose this keyword because it enriches the historical context of my research. This keyword will also act as a starting point for the chain of events that led to the cultural changes in Chinese society - Nationalism: as a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation, especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty over its homeland (James, 1996). James, P. (1996). Nation Formation: Towards a Theory of Abstract Community, Vol. I (1996) . [online] www.academia.edu . Available at: https://www.academia.edu/40353321 [Accessed 3 Sep. 2021]. o I chose this keyword because it can possibly provide context about the political decisions made that resulted in China’s economic growth, and ultimately led to globalization.

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4a RQ1: To what extent does globalization influence identity among Chinese young people between the 1970s and today (early 2000s)? RQ2: To what degree has Western ideology taken over the culture and tradition of Chinese young adults after the economic liberation (1979)? Sub questions to help build an answer to the RQs:  What role does technology have in facilitating the effect of globalization? o Rate of effect on Chinese youth  What benefits does globalization present to the Chinese youth?

 What drawbacks does globalization present to the Chinese youth?

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