SWK8055_D1

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8055

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Systems map: Reducing the chance of recidivism in released offenders. SWK 8055 Brooke Chambers

Systems mapping for reduction of recidivism in offenders. • What is system mapping? A system map can be a powerful tool to utilize, it can be very detailed or simple. A system map is a visual representation of the essential elements in a system, and it shows how specifically these elements relate to each other. The maps assist with understanding the systems that the specific problem lies. A system map can illustrate how numerous components can affect the lives of newly released offenders to assist with reducing recidivism.

Newly released offender Education Healthcare Housing Employmen t

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Education system • This element in our map affects an offender due to the lack of education provided to inmates who are incarcerated. Education is beneficial to their recovery and success upon release due to its requirement to obtain a job. Essentially, when education is provided to inmates however, due to the large inmate population, education services are at capacity for trades and even college education that add value to inmates while incarcerated. Due to the lack of educational resources due to population this adds to higher recidivism (Bailey, 2017).

Employment system • Limited access to employment is something that majority of individuals with a criminal record. Without stable employment, these individuals are going to experience hardships which can lead to other parts of their successful return to society. These hardships can include limited transportation, homelessness or limited housing options, limited access to mental and physical health providers, and financial hardship. • Having easy access to community resources is vital to their success once released from prison. Resources such as job fairs, vocational training programs, assistance with creating a resume, government assistance such as snap and medical coverage and assistance with establishing quality employment opportunities for individuals with criminal records.

Housing system • Individuals face numerous barriers to reintegration after incarceration, and housing poses a particular challenge; When looking at the housing system, one will see that there are very little to no supports in place for those individuals being released from prison (Purtle et. al, 2020). Currently, there is a severe affordable housing crisis. • Low-income families may rely on Government rental assistance programs. This is a problem for individuals who have been in prison or jail, as public policies impose restrictions on the ability of people with criminal justice histories to access rental housing assistance and achieve housing security ( Purtle et. al, 2020). The lack of supports offered to offenders can cause them to go back into the same situation that led them to jail. Returning to the same neighborhoods.

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Healthcare system • When offenders are released from jail or prison, they had their medical needs met by the institution. Once they are released it is their responsibility to obtain their own medical care. This is a problem for many as they do not know what supports are available to them. They may not know how to apply for medical coverage or where to go to receive this help. • Based on a sample of 44,987 offenders, parolees with mental illness (52–62%) were about two times more likely than parolees without illness to return to prison within 1 year of release (Skeem et. al, 2011). A push to prioritize mental health in the criminal justice system to needed to prepare individuals for their release back into society and ensuring that they receive the help they need to avoid returning to jail.

References • Bailey, R. (2017, Sep 26). UNCA aims to provide education to inmates. University Wire http://library.capella.edu/login?qurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fwire-feeds %2Funca-aims-provide-education-inmates%2Fdocview%2F1942854014%2Fse-2%3Faccountid %3D27965 • Lutze, F. E., Rosky, J. W., & Hamilton, Z. K. (2014). Homelessness and Reentry. Criminal Justice and Behavior. , 41 (4), 471–491. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854813510164 • Purtle, J., Gebrekristos, L. T., Keene, D., Schlesinger, P., Niccolai, L., & Blankenship, K. M. (2020). Quantifying the Restrictiveness of Local Housing Authority Policies Toward People With Criminal Justice Histories: United States, 2009-2018. American journal of public health, 110(S1), S137– S144. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2019.305437 • Skeem, J. L., Manchak, S., & Peterson, J. K. (2011). Correctional Policy for Offenders with Mental Illness: Creating a New Paradigm for Recidivism Reduction. Law and Human Behavior, 35(2), 110- 26. https://doi-org.library.capella.edu/10.1007/s10979-010-9223-7

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