COU 530 Final Project

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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Sociology

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Feb 20, 2024

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COU 530 Final Project I Template Student Name: Krysta McGinnis Date: 2/9/24 This outline will help you organize your thoughts before you submit Final Project I, which describes your personal integrated approach to counseling. To organize your thoughts, you will need to use your outlines for the four theories you analyzed during this course. You will select elements from the theory outlines that you believe support your ideas about how you will approach and provide counseling. You will also need to refer to your work in COU 510 for item I.B. Otherwise, all items will be gathered from the outlines you completed in this course. The citations of your sources in your outlines will prove very helpful here, as you will not have to search through your textbooks again. Once you have added information in each item, you will then explain how the items relate to and support one another. You will have to justify why these items will be effective as an integrated approach to counseling, and you will need to incorporate empirical research to support your justifications. Much of your support can come from the textbooks, but you will also have to gather additional resources to further justify your ideas. The recommendations for further reading in your textbooks are a great place to find these types of empirical resources. Once you have completed each section, explained the relationship between the elements, and justified why this approach would be effective, read through your outline to make sure that the information is clearly expressed, the language reflects graduate-level writing, and your research is supported with citations. You need to submit your final project I as a formal paper. This outline is to help you organize your thoughts to help you prepare for the creation of your formal paper. You can use the outline below to help you structure your paper with appropriate headings. I. Counseling Theory Components A. Describe the theories that most influenced your own integrated personal approach to counseling, including why these theories appealed to you. 1. Counseling Theory: Guiding Reflective Practice states that Alfred Adler, the creator of Adlerian theory, concentrated on social interest, family constellation, and the evolution of parenting style (Parsons & Zhang, 2014). Adlerian therapists hold that everyone has the capacity and desire to develop and evolve (Chan et al., 2015). According to the Adlerian philosophy, the therapist's role is to encourage the client and provide support. In addition, they help the client see what must change, comprehend how they contributed to the problem, and accept accountability for making the necessary changes (Chan et al., 2015). It enables clients to make deliberate life adjustments by assisting them in understanding their patterns of behavior (Parsons & Zhang, 2014). Like many others, I believe that the Adlerian hypothesis may be useful for some people but not for others. In my opinion, the connection component of counseling is crucial because it allows you to get to know your client and determine whether this method will work for them. Since they will ultimately be the ones to follow through, I find the Adlerian theory's need that clients create and determine what constitutes a realistic objective to be my favorite part.

B. Explain which life-span human development theory is integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. The life-span human development theory that I have included into my methodology is the Ecological Systems Theory of Urie Bronfenbrenner. This theory places a strong emphasis on environmental influences; a child's development takes place within a complex system of interactions that includes the microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem. The child's intricate network of associations changes as they become older. When a youngster is younger, the mesosystem takes on greater importance than the microsystem. Although Adler thought that a person's environment and heredity both affect them, early interactions with their family—their first social group—help youngsters establish opinions about the world. These conclusions, or beliefs, are derived from a variety of early perceptions and experiences, and they serve as the foundation for the individual's life patterns (Chan et al., 2015, p. 208). By using the systems to help us identify the cause of the client's difficulties and the best way to support them, we may apply this idea to the counseling profession. C. Explain which personality development concepts are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. Nature and nurture are the notions of personality development that I personally include in my approach. As per Adler's assertion, individuals are impacted by both genetic predisposition and environmental shaping (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p. 112). According to the theory, people's lives would improve if they had better ideas about themselves, other people, and their surroundings (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.111). Though our environment shapes our ideas and behaviors and heredity shapes who we are, we still possess the ability to alter our thoughts, feelings, and actions. Each of us has the capacity to choose, and the choices we make either benefit us or cause us to suffer the consequences. D. Explain which problem or issue development process is integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. The significance of belonging is the problem or issue creation process that is incorporated into my methodology. Every person aspires to become significant in other people's sight. The pursuit of a "place of somebodyness" is approached differently based on the individual's early experiences and social background, which have influenced their objectives and views (Chan et al., 2015, p.207). According to Adler, everyone wants to feel important and like they belong. This is their fundamental urge. E. Explain which developmental impacts across the life-span theory are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. People's perceptions and behaviors as adults are influenced by their childhood experiences. According to Adler, the first six to eight years of life have a significant impact on adult life outcomes (Kottman, 2001), and this influence may be seen in behaviors and responses to events in life (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.112). He thought that a person's conduct from childhood into adulthood was related. Childhood experiences, in my opinion, have a lasting impact on an individual's behavior patterns, worldview, and emotional responses to various circumstances.

F. Explain which object of change concepts are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. The way individuals view themselves and the objectives they set for themselves is what will inspire and bring about change. If one changes their way of living, one can alter their behavior (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p. 121). Setting reasonable, realistic goals is the best way to accomplish any kind of goal. People who do this are more likely to accomplish their goals and have a more optimistic view on life. The main objective of this kind of treatment is to help a client become self- assured and socially empowered by replacing harmful self-directed beliefs and behaviors with skills (GoodTherapy, 2016). People lack the drive to improve when they don't have confidence in themselves. As the counselor, I will employ encouragement to start my clients thinking positively and building self- confidence. G. Explain the time frames used to evoke change are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the theory. 1. We need to investigate the client's prior experiences to effect change. According to Adlerian philosophy, people's decisions are influenced by their previous experiences, which in turn affects their present-day actions (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.115). Together, my clients and I will try to determine how their early experiences affected their choices and behavior. II. Counseling Approach A. Explain the approach to healing that is integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the approach. 1. My dream job would be as a counselor who collaborates with her clients in a partnership-like manner. Counselors should not assume the role of an expert; instead, they should steadfastly maintain an active, upbeat, and supportive partnership with their clients throughout the process of learning and change, according to Counseling Theories and Techniques for Rehabilitation and Mental Health Professionals (Chan et al., 2015). Regardless of the philosophy you select, I think that development can only occur when there is a good rapport between the client and the counselor. B. Explain the model(s) for helping that are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the model. 1. Adlerian philosophy is divided into four stages: establishing a cooperative connection, learning about the lifestyle, developing understanding, and reorienting oneself. The first stage of the connection is when the client and counselor start to establish a sense of equality. The client and counselor collaborate to implement interventions during the second phase. This phase's objective is to ascertain the client's lifestyle, including behavior objectives, false beliefs, inferiority complexes, made-up goals, and social interest deficiencies (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.126). Obtaining understanding and looking into the client's lifestyle comprise the third step (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.126). The clients discuss the adjustments they have made outside of counseling in the fourth and final phase. This method works better for me since the client and the counselor work through each step together rather than the counselor giving the client instructions. The client no longer feels alone and is inspired to make

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changes when the counselor supports them and gives them confidence that they will cooperate. C. Explain the interventions for helping that are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the method. 1. Adlerian psychology is concerned with how people try to make up for the belief that they are not as good as other people. Adlerian Therapy assists individuals in letting go of unproductive emotions and redirecting their focus toward making changes to perceived behaviors, values, and emotions that stand in the way of more good development. By using this strategy, the client and I can collaborate to transform the negative mindset into a good one. D. Explain the techniques for helping that are integrated into your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the method. 1. The Adlerian Theory offers a variety of helpful tactics, but my personal favorite is the behaving as if strategy. The counselor might advise the client to act as though the improved circumstances or behaviors are already taking place when the client recognizes how they could support their functioning (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.129). In the meanwhile, the counselor would advise the youngster to seem to be intelligent enough. This enables the client to approach the circumstance positively and change his perceptions about it. The counselor will discuss the client's perception of the event in the following session. According to Parsons and Zhang (2014), p. 130, the essential premise is that when a client behaves as though their goals are being realized, they will see the circumstance differently and respond accordingly. This approach is my favorite because it helps the customer realize that their goals are achievable if they approach them with a new perspective. III. Considerations and Limitations A. Describe how cultural sensitivity/competence will be managed using your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the method. Consider any biases you carry and your own otherness in your response. 1. Adler (1931) was a proponent of universal human rights and wrote several books supporting women's equality (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.119). My propensity to assist women of color, especially Latinas, is a personal prejudice of mine. I am aware that there is a need in the Latino community, but people are reluctant to ask for assistance due to stigma, pressure to get by on their own, and fear of being looked down upon. Some counselors who are not minorities will not be able to relate to women of color because they do not understand their culture. I want to make sure that women of color can work with someone who understands their culture or oppression, even while I am conscious of this prejudice, and this is not to suggest that people who are not of race do not have problems. B. Describe how ethical and legal considerations will be made when using your personal approach to counseling, including the theorists associated with the method. 1. The Adlerian theory mainly depends on developing a rapport of trust with the client. The counselor must, however, ensure that the interaction stays solely

professional. A.6.b. Prolonging Counseling Limitations Counselors weigh the advantages and disadvantages of going outside the bounds of traditional counseling interactions. Examples include paying for a service or good supplied by a customer (barring unlimited bartering), going to a client's formal event (such as a wedding, commitment ceremony, or graduation), and paying a client's sick family member a hospital visit. Counselors expand these limits while using the proper professional safety measures, such as consultation, informed consent, monitoring, and recording, to make sure that no harm is done and judgment is not affected (ACA, 2014, p. 5). This strategy may not be the best choice for people who don't want to go into their family history or other material because it spends a lot of time exploring early childhood occurrences. I must be careful as the counselor when it comes to talking about trauma because if I push too hard, I can do more harm than good. C. Rationale : Justify how the elements you have chosen will complement each other to structure your personal integrated counseling approach. 1. The counselor-client relationship, the "act as if" strategy, and the encouraging component are the aspects that most closely align with my style of therapy. Effective counseling requires a solid relationship between the counselor and the client. A healthy connection is the cornerstone of the transformation process (Chan et al., 2015). The counselor must be trustworthy, and the client must believe that the counselor is looking out for their best interests. Encouragement is crucial for counseling in general as well as for the Adlerian theory. People who get constant support are better able to accept their flaws and concentrate on their strengths (Parsons & Zhang, 2014, p.122). Most customers, if not all of them, require support and encouragement.

References Chan, F. P. C., Berven, N. L. P., & Thomas, K. R. D. (Eds.). (2015). Counseling theories and techniques for rehabilitation and mental health professionals. Springer Publishing Company. GoodTherapy. (2016, October 04). Adlerian Psychology / Psychotherapy. Retrieved from GoodTherapy: https://www.goodtherapy.org/learn-about-therapy/types/adlerianpsychology Parsons, R. D., & Zhang, N. (2014). Counseling Theory: Guiding Reflective Practice. SAGE. Wong, D. W., Hall, K. R., & Hernandez, L. W. (2021). Counseling Individuals Through the Lifespan. SAGE Publications.

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