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Feb 20, 2024

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Predictive policing is the practice of using pre-existing crime data to determine which areas need more policing and which need less. Predictive policing utilizes algorithms to analyze all of the reported crime and generates reports that are extremely helpful to law enforcement officers. Crime maps are key in effectively practicing predictive policing. Without crime maps it would be near impossible to visualize and organize all reported crime and create a plan based off the data available. Crime maps allow officers to focus on the crime saturated areas to create crime control plans. In the scenario, the reported crime and crime map allow officers to narrow down the times the burglaries are happening, where, and how. By having this information available the officers can now reduce the burglaries in that area by adding extra patrols between the hours of 0830 and 1330. By having a higher police presence, the crime in the area should be reduced. Therefore, in the scenario the officer achieved the main goal of predictive policing, reducing crime and crime risk. The data used by the officers to formulate a plan is the time of day the crimes were committed, why the houses were chosen, how the intruders are gaining access to the home and the days of the week the crimes took place. The factors used to predict future crime was the rate at which the crimes were happening and the organization of it all. It was concentrated to one area, the people burglarized were not home, and the times matched up with the resident’s work schedules. Police have many tools to assist them when practicing predictive policing. The fingerprinting data base allows officers to collect fingerprints from crime scenes and compare the prints to the information stored in the data base. If no immediate matches come up the information can be stored and used at a later date to identify a suspect or connect any crimes that may already exist in the data base. This also works similarly when it comes to DNA analysis.

Officers can collect data from the crime scene and run it through the data bases looking for a match or storing the information for a later date. There are many pros to predictive policing. The first and most obvious one is reducing crime. If officers can target a highly saturated area and reduce the crime, they help the community involved and ultimately keep everyone safe. Predictive policing also allows for law enforcement agencies to distribute their resources in the most effective way. Putting officers on patrol in a low crime neighborhood doesn't do anyone much good because they are preventing very little. Using the crime maps to distribute department resources also puts less stress on the officers of the department which allows them to have more balance at work. Which pros also come cons. Some cons involved with predictive policing is a higher police presence in communities that may have deep generational trauma associated with the police. This can cause problems for the community and produce unsafe conditions for the officers patrolling. It can also look like bias and discrimination if not done properly. Bias can absolutely be introduced into predictive policing. It is already known that some neighborhood has a higher rate of people of color who like to take care of their own problems rather than involve the police. Predictive policing can go from protecting the residents of the community to protecting other communities from certain communities very quickly. Some other technology that can assist police officer while investigating is license plate readers, traffic cameras, and any databases with relevant information. These technologies can be used to help the police officers track down who is committing crimes and their movements before and after the crime.

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