Culture & Gender (Ch7) Qs without answers

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1 Gender & Culture (PY 340): Chapter 7 Questions 1. There are large cultural differences in the percentage of males who are circumcised. True or false? True 2. *The name of the Jewish ceremony that relates to marking the transition from childhood to adulthood for males is _____. Bar mitzvah 3. *The name of the Jewish ceremony that relates to marking the transition from childhood to adulthood for females is _____. Bat mitzvah 4. *Women obtained the right to vote in the year _____. 1920 5. *The _____th amendment guarantees women the right to vote. 19th 6. *The relationship between culture and gender has changed over the years. Which of Bronfrennbrenner’s systems relate to this fact? Chart 7. Sex is a dichotomous term or concept. True or false? True 8. _____ refer to behaviors exhibited by males and females that are directly related to their biology. Sex 9. _____ refers to an individual’s degree of awareness and recognition of their sex and sex roles. Sexual identity _____ refers to the degree to which an individual is masculine or feminine. Gender 10. _____ refers to the degree to which a person’s behavior is associated with a particular gender. Gender role 11. ______ refers to an individual’s degree of awareness and recognition of their gender and gender roles. Gender identity 12. Sex should be thought of as being on a continuum and gender should be thought of as dichotomous. True or false? False 13. Sex should be thought of as dichotomous and gender should be thought of as being on a continuum. True or false? True 14. Identify which of the following countries is high in masculinity? a. Japan

2 b. Denmark c. Netherlands d. Italy e. Austria f. Venezuela g. Norway h. Sweden 15. Identify which of the following countries is low in masculinity? a. Japan b. Denmark c. Netherlands d. Italy e. Austria f. Venezuela g. Norway h. Sweden 16. Countries that are high in masculinity have moralistic attitudes about sex, double standards about sex, encourage passive roles for women. True or false? True 17. Countries that are low in masculinity have moralistic attitudes about sex, double standards about sex, encourage passive roles for women. True or false? False 18. Countries that are high in masculinity have matter-of-fact attitudes about sex, single sex standard for men and women, encourage active roles for women. True or false? False 19. Countries that are low in masculinity have matter-of-fact attitudes about sex, single sex standard for men and women, encourage active roles for women. True or false? True 20. *Q: Overall, do you think the United States is high, medium, or low in masculinity? Fully and clearly explain your answer. Pg 151 21. Overall, gender differences are larger between cultures than within a culture. True or false? True 22. _____ refers to how we process information. Cognition 23. Males and females process information differently. True or false? True 24. The differences between how males and females process information is thought to be due to the influence of culture. True or false? True 25. *Q: Give an example of how you think males and females think differently.

3 26. *Q: Give an example of how you think males and females think in a highly similar manner. 27. Male superiority exists when the culture is _____. tighter 28. Female superiority exists when the culture is _____. looser 29. *Q: Do you believe the United States is a tight or loose culture? Fully and clearly explain your answer. 30. *Q: Do you believe the culture you grew up in is a tight or loose culture? Fully and clearly explain your answer. 31. Greater gender differences in conformity and obedience associated with _____cultures. tighter 32. Less gender differences in conformity and obedience associated with _____cultures. looser 33. Are females capable of aggressive acts? Yes or no? Yes 34. In every culture studied, males and females have been found to display aggression against a current or previous significant other. True or false? True 35. Overall, men and women are equally aggressive. True or false? False 36. The magnitude of the gender difference in terms of aggression is believed to be a function of 2 factors. List the 2 factors. Empowerment of woman, level of individualism 37. Which of the following is expected to cause an increase in female victimization? a. Increase in the empowerment of women b. Increase in individualism c. Decrease in the empowerment of women d. Decrease in individualism 38. Which of the following is expected to cause a decrease in female victimization? a. Increase in the empowerment of women b. Increase in individualism c. Decrease in the empowerment of women d. Decrease in individualism 39. Which of the following is expected to cause an increase in male victimization? a. Increase in the empowerment of women b. Increase in individualism c. Decrease in the empowerment of women d. Decrease in individualism 40. Which of the following is expected to cause a decrease in male victimization? a. Increase in the empowerment of women b. Increase in individualism c. Decrease in the empowerment of women

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4 d. Decrease in individualism 41. No one personality associated with a particular culture. True or false? True 42. The same personality types exist in every culture. True or false? True 43. Cultures differ in the degree or prevalence of a particular personality types. True or false? True 44. *Q: In theory, you should find someone in EVERY culture you visit that has the exact same personality that you have. True or false? 45. All cultures share at least some similar beliefs about sex and/or sexuality. True or false? True 46. Cultural differences exist with respect to chastity. True or false? True 47. List any 4 cultures that place a high value on chastity. China, India, Indonesia, Iran 48. List any 4 cultures where chastity is of little importance. Sweden, Norway, Finland, Netherlands 49. FGM stands for: Female genital mutilation 50. List 2 types of FGM mentioned in class or in the video. Removal of female genitalia, Relates to chastity and virtue of the woman. 51. List any 4 cultures where FGM is currently being practiced. Middle Eastern, Asian, South American and Pacific. 52. In every culture, males and females display jealousy. True or false? True 53. In every culture, males and females display jealousy for the same reasons. True or false? False 54. Regardless of culture, _____ infidelity is a common source of jealousy in males. sexual 55. Regardless of culture, _____ infidelity is a common source of jealousy in females. emotional 56. In 30 countries studied, overall, women did more household work than men. True or false? True 57. In 30 countries studied, women did more household work than men in all 30 countries. True or false? True 58. The one factor that determines the extent of the division of labor between men and women is _____. Biological differences 59. _____ is a gender identity that involves endorsement of both male and female characteristics.

5 Androgyny 60. According to the textbook, which ethnic group displays higher levels of androgyny? a. European Americans b. Asians c. Mexican Americans d. Native Americans e. Asian Americans f. African Americans 61. _____ is a gender role differentiation characterized by expectations of the male behavior, such as being unemotional, strong, authoritative, and aggressive. Machismo 62. According to the textbook, which ethnic group is associated with machismo? a. European Americans b. Asians c. Mexican Americans d. Native Americans e. Asian Americans f. African Americans

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