PSY 321 Module One Essay

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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321

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Psychology

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Dec 6, 2023

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1-2 Short Paper: Module One Essay Savannah Miller PSY-321 Child Development Southern New Hampshire University

The study of a child development is the study of how children progress physically, cognitively and emotionally. This study starts from when a child is born and grows up into an active member of society. What people don’t know is that this development happens in different stages. Early childhood, middle childhood, and lastly adolescence. Like everything else in this society there is cause and effect with child development. This starts with a child’s natural instincts and their DNA makeup. The interactions and influences that they have with their family that raises them and the people around their family also have significant impact. As well as a child’s social, economic, cultural and health related upbringing. For instance, a child’s brain is constantly maturing as the child grows. This increases their intellectual abilities as well as their functionality. This is where a child’s curiosity comes from and is the reason behind their need for exploration. As toddlers they may show signs of independence, curiosity in things around them and other things. They use their experiences to adapt to their surroundings. This means they learn from their environment which includes the people around them as well. This factor will influence how them develop not only physically but mentally, emotionally, and socially as well. As everyone knows the early years of a child’s life are the most important when it comes to their health and their development. This is where child development comes into play because it gives us a foundation to learn how to properly nurture and provide the best learning and growing environment for children. Child professionals like to study children in the most natural environment. This means they like to see how a child interacts with their parents and their environment. It is also important to watch how children interact with themselves and learn about themselves. Professionals look at this in order to better understand a child’s mental and physical development. Sometimes it is hard to look at a child and decipher if they are developing

normally or if they are dealing with something causing abnormal development. This is where the professionals come in and help us all understand what the difference in normal and abnormal development is. This helps with parents learning how to help and connect with their child. Using autism as example child professionals are able to help parents learn coping mechanisms that can help a child deal with big emotions and also help them while they go through each stage in the developmental process. Erik Erikson’s theory was majorly impacted by another psychologist by the name of Sigmund Freud. Where Erik’s theories are different is it is made up of several different stages. These stages look through the social lens when it comes to children development. This enables professionals to see into a child’s life during their entire existence unlike Freuds which stops during the teenage phase of life. This also enables scientist to look at how social interactions effect the development of children as they grow from child to teen, to adult so on and so forth. Erik believed that social and cultural standards are more important in development that biological forces. Erikson’s theory has always fascinated me honestly. Simple because I believe that the things people encounter during their developmental stages effect their behavior and even the way that they develop. In my theory humans are like clay and our environment molds us into a certain way. This can be good or bad and realistically this is where the term breaking the mold comes from. In certain situations, like substance abuse, abusive homes etc. we have to learn to break that mold and become bigger than that situation.

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References: Lightfoot C. Cole M. & Cole S. R. (2018). The development of children (8th ed.). Worth. Thomas, R. M. (2000). Comparing theories of child development . Wadsworth/Thomson Learning.

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