375 wk 3 Neuroanatomy of the Brain

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Dec 6, 2023

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Question 6 of 8 Which describe the autonomic nervous system?  o Transmits sensory input from brain to spinal cord The autonomic nervous system transmits information from the hypothalamus.  Correct o Part of the PNS that works without conscious effort The autonomic nervous system is part of the PNS and acts unconsciously to control functions.  Incorrect o Divided into central and peripheral nervous systems The autonomic nervous system is a part of the peripheral nervous system.  Correct o Divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems The autonomic nervous system is divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.  Correct o Transmits information from endocrine system to target organs The hypothalamus uses information from the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system to maintain homeostasis. Question 1 of 8

Which area of the brainstem is responsible for vomiting and swallowing?  o Pons The pons is responsible for motor and posture activity.  o Midbrain The midbrain controls a person’s sleep-wake cycle.  Correct o Medulla oblongata The medulla oblongata controls vomiting and swallowing.  o Reticular formation The reticular formation controls alertness and sleep. Question 2 of 8 Which human functions are regulated by the hypothalamus?  o Vision The occipital lobe is responsible for vision.  o Emotions The limbic system is responsible for emotions.  Correct o Heart rate

The hypothalamus is the main regulator of heart rate and blood pressure. The hypothalamus receives nerve impulses from the body and adjusts heart rate accordingly.  Correct o Reproduction The hypothalamus regulates reproduction by producing sex hormones that stimulate the pituitary gland.  Correct o Temperature The hypothalamus regulates temperature by triggering changes to effectors, such as sweat glands.  Correct o Food and water intake Neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus stimulating sensations of hunger and thirst. Question 3 of 8 Which function does the pyramidal track control?  o Motivation The limbic system controls emotions and motivation.  o Metabolism The hypothalamus controls metabolism.  Correct o Voluntary movements The pyramidal track controls voluntary movements.

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 o Speech comprehension The temporal lobe controls speech comprehension. Question 4 of 8 What is the function of the reticular activating system (RAS)?  o Helps make dopamine Substantia nigra in the midbrain produces dopamine.  o Controls vomiting and swallowing The medulla oblongata controls vomiting and swallowing.  o Carries motor information to the cerebellum The pontine nuclei of the pons involves motor and posture activity and carries this information to the cerebellum.  Correct o Allows the brain to ignore meaningless stimuli RAS filters relevant versus irrelevant stimuli and allows the brain to ignore meaningless stimuli and respond to others. Question 5 of 8 Lesions of the cerebellum can produce which effect?  o Slurred speech Slurred speech is not a result of lesions on the cerebellum, but rather can result from drugs that have an effect on brain function. Damage to the cerebellum mostly affects motor coordination.

 o Resting tremors Resting tremors occur at rest and are produced by the basal ganglia.  Correct o Intention tremors Lesions of the cerebellum can produce intention tremors that occur on the same side of the body as the lesion. Intention tremors are a trembling of the part of the body when attempting a precise movement.  o Parkinsonian symptoms Parkinsonian symptoms are a result of lesions of the basal ganglia. Question 7 of 8 Which area of the nervous system integrates reflexes to stimuli?  o Cauda equina The cauda equina is the bundle of nerves found in the lumbar area of the spine that deliver messages along the spinal column.  o Medulla oblongata The spinal cord carries information from the medulla oblongata of the brain to the lumbar area of the spine where individual nerves exist.  Correct o Grey matter of spinal cord

The grey matter of the spinal cord is the middle part of the spinal cord that contains neuronal cell bodies. These neuronal cell bodies integrate reflexes to stimuli.  o White matter of spinal cord The white matter of the spinal cord sends nerve signals from the brain to the spinal cord. Question 8 of 8 Which nerves carry information from the CNS to muscles and glands?  o Axon Axon is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell. It is not a type of nerve.  o Cranial Cranial nerves communicate with sensory organs.  Correct o Efferent Efferent nerves carry information from the CNS to muscles and glands.  o Afferent Afferent nerves carry information from sensory receptors to the CNS.

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