Assignment 3-C(1) (2)

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Cincinnati State Technical and Community College *

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110

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Psychology

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Oct 30, 2023

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1 ASSIGNMENT #3-C Memory (85 points) Part One: memory types and storage. Watch the video below and answer questions #1 to 5. Where Are Memories Stored? - YouTube Types: 1) Types of memory include short and long-term memory. Long term is split into two big categories (3 points each/6 total): What is declarative memory? Declarative memory is also known as explicit memory which is used to remember events and facts. What is non-declarative memory? Non-declarative memory is also known as implicit memory which allows us to develop skills and create a formation for habits which occur often. 2) Memory appear to be stored in different places, depending on type of memory. (Each question is worth 5 points/20 total): What brain system (area) is responsible for storing long term declarative memory? The brain systems hippocampus is the area of the brain in which stores long term declarative memory. What area of the brain stores conditioned, emotional responses? What are of the brain stores motor memories? What areas of the brain are responsible for encoding memories of facts and events? Storage: 3) Our brains are “super plastic” and can adapt to handle new information. What allows this? (6 points) 4) How are memories stored? (5 points. Hint – “cells that fire together wire together.”) 5) What is LTP? (3 points)
2 Part two: Sleep and memory First, watch this video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ObuaXhtKbVY Next, review the textbook information on sleep and memory consolidation before answering the question below. 6) Based on what you learned from this video and the reading, would you recommend a good night of sleep before an exam? Why? Be sure to support your answer with information from the video/reading. (5 points) Part Three: Memory storage processes Review chapter 8 (8.1) then fill in the blanks below. (4 points per blank/40 total). Please highlight your answers or color them so that the words stand out. According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory, incoming information is held in _____________ memory, just long enough for us to decide if we want to pay attention to it. We are constantly taking in information from the world, particularly through vision and hearing. If we choose not to pay attention to that information (for example, some unimportant detail such as the color of the paint on the wall or someone sneezing), it disappears from memory within a few seconds. However, if we choose to pay attention, it moves into _____________ memory. This second stage of memory is limited in its capacity. It is often suggested that we can only hold about 7 ± 2 items in it at one time. Information at this stage of memory only stays there as long as we ____________ the information by repeating it again and again. For example, if you repeat a telephone number several times, it will stay active in this stage of memory, but when you stop repeating it, it is likely to disappear from memory. The third level of memory in the Atkinson-Shiffrin model is _____________ memory. Information stored in this type of memory is relatively permanent, and there is nearly unlimited capacity for storage. In order for information to get into this last level of memory, it must be processed at a deeper level of understanding. First, it must be __________, which means that it should be put into some form that is able to be stored – either semantic (given meaning), visual or acoustic. As an example, you might arrange information into an acronym such as PEMDAS for the order of operations in math, or you could set multiplication facts to music or rhythm. Next, the information is ___________ in the brain, linked to other already-existing memories that have similar content.
3 The part of the brain that is responsible for moving information into this last level of memory is the _____________. To retrieve information from permanent storage in the brain, there are three processes that can be used. The first, ____________, involves using retrieval cues that you have established earlier. For example, a person who has witnessed a car accident might be able to describe the driver of the vehicle after the police arrive on the scene. A second method of retrieval is ___________, in which the individual “knows it when they see it”, even if they are not able to come up with the memory on their own. Sometimes, though, the person cannot retrieve the memory immediately and must _________ the information; in this case it will take less time and effort to establish the memory, since traces of it are already present. This might be the case, for example, if you learn a foreign language but do not use it for a long time; it may seem as if you have forgotten it completely, but it takes considerably less time to become fluent again than it did when you first learned that language.
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