Constructivism (1)

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Seton Hill University *

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515

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Uploaded by JusticeDinosaur4143

SAT515 - Counseling Theory & Practice - Theory Comparison Charts Name of Theory: Constructive Therapy Student Name: student Time period & key people (at least two) associated with this approach: Jean Piaget, George Kelly 1980s View of human nature & basic assumptions (at least 2) underlying this approach: Some of the major themes within constructivism focus on the need for order, a sense of self, and a sense of active personal agency. Other important themes focus on social relatedness and development through the lifespan. Individuals are encouraged to view themselves as active participants in their lives. Within rich contexts of human relationship and symbol systems, people make new meanings as they develop Key concepts essential to this theory: (3 or more) Constructivist theories and techniques can be useful when applied to personal problems. For example, people coping with grief and bereavement can benefit from making meaning, forging new connections, and adjusting their sense of self as they process their loss. Constructive therapies offer a shift from the traditional focus in psychology on what is wrong with a particular client to paying greater attention to someone's strengths. It is more optimistic and attends to a client's resources, goals, hopes, and dreams. Genetic epistemology, personal construct theory, past rationalist cognitive therapy. Most important goals in this frame: (3 or more) The therapist focuses on a client's strengths, and does not look for illness or deficiencies, but rather emphasizes resources. They are focused on the future and is both hopeful and optimistic about the client's ability to make positive changes. How (if at all) does this theory address issues of systemic oppression? This theory does address oppression, this theory recognizes the role of power on the shaping of one’s identity and has clients centered as the experts on their own experiences. Problematic discourse is “put in its place” as clients construct their new or preferred identities. It invites systemic discussions on relationships and experiences. Describe the role of the therapeutic relationship: The constructive therapist's role in psychotherapy is unlike the classic "doctor" role in which the therapist is supposed to "heal" or "treat" a patient. While the therapist has skills and significant expertise at facilitation and guiding sessions, the constructive therapist is not seen as the objective expert. Therapists and clients are therefore seen as collaborative participants as they make

meaning together and assist the client in creating their best reality as they move forward. Key techniques from this model: (name at least 2) A therapist might help people externalize their experiences by asking questions to guide the conversation forward. They might also paraphrase and repeat back what a person has explained to help the person gain greater clarity. Solution focused brief therapy, emotionally focused therapy, narrative therapy. Journaling, meditation, guided imagery Strengths and contributions of the approach: Constructivism in mental health offers a great deal of hope and optimism. With a trusted constructivist therapist who can skillfully facilitate life-changing conversations, new possibilities and opportunities emerge in clients' lives. How does this theory address the wellness philosophy of the Counseling profession? Wellness philosophy emphasizes personal choice, and constructivism emphasizes personal agency and autonomy, that we are in control of our outcomes and goals. Discuss an Expressive Arts process that ‘fits’ this theory & why: Externalizing the problem through sculpture and procession, this approach is constructive because it allows the client to externalize and name their problem and then work together to retell the story or describe outcomes. This can be done by using clay, play doh, or model magic. Ask the client about how it feels to present their problem like this, encourage discussions around working together to ensure the problem stays separate.

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