Gestalt Theory Comparison Chart_ (7)

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Feb 20, 2024

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SAT515 - Counseling Theory & Practice - Theory Comparison Charts Name of Theory: Gestalt Theory Student Name: Student Time period & key people (at least two) associated with this approach: Max Wertheimer (1880–1943), Kurt Koffka (1886–1941), and Wolfgang Köhler (1887–1967) founded Gestalt psychology in the early 20th century Jayne Rhyne (art therapist) View of human nature & basic assumptions (at least 2) underlying this approach: They have in common the assumption that human nature is growth- oriented, and they focus on subjective experience. It suggests that genuine knowledge is the product of what is immediately evident in the situation to the perceiver. Developing an awareness of one's feelings, reactions, and thoughts in a present situation could resolve personal issues. People have the ability to solve their own problems. Key concepts essential to this theory: (3 or more) Figure and ground, balance and polarities, awareness, present- centeredness, unfinished business, and personal responsibility. Internal processing occurs through focusing inwards. Most important goals in this frame: (3 or more) Teach people to become aware of significant sensations within themselves and their environment so that they respond fully and reasonably to situations. A key goal in gestalt therapy is to give clients the opportunity to own and accept their experiences. Increasing a person's awareness, freedom, and self-direction. It's a form of therapy that focuses on the present moment rather than past experiences. How (if at all) does this theory address issues of systemic oppression? Historically, this theory does not address oppression directly, but it is well positioned to consider socio-cultural relations of power as elements and forces. Gestalt therapy can be understood as fundamentally oriented toward anti-oppression, but does not currently integrate collective liberation practices.

Describe the role of the therapeutic relationship: The therapeutic relationship needs a working alliance and a dialogic relationship. The therapist is required to bring their whole self to the relational contact with the client. The counsellor must be fully present, understanding, validating and authentic. Key techniques from this model: (name at least 2) Some of the most widely used and well-known Gestalt therapy exercises include the empty chair technique, role play, experimentation, dream work, and present moment awareness. Gestalt therapists/counsellors rely heavily on and are guided by four theoretical pillars that make up Gestalt methodology. They are phenomenology, dialogical relationship, field theory and experimentation. Strengths and contributions of the approach: Improved self-confidence. Ability to make peace with the past, and an improved sense of acceptance. Increased ability to deal and cope with stressful situations. Being more responsible, improved ability to own up for mistakes and behaviors without placing blames. One of the greatest strengths of this approach is its applicability in the day-to-day life and simplicity of its ideas. The theory provides us a better understanding on how we interpret and perceive the realities or make sense of the world around us in the light of perception. How does this theory address the wellness philosophy of the Counseling profession? Gestalt theory emphasizes the personal choice for people to make their own choices and is a theory that can be practiced and applied daily meaning that it is able to give people the opportunity to recognize the importance of daily decision making. Discuss an Expressive Arts process that ‘fits’ this theory & why: Jayne Rhyne sked people to explore how their feelings were connected to body sensations by using what's going on with your muscles, your breathing, and your posture as the basis for artistic expression. Try for a few minutes to make up sentences stating what you are at this moment aware of. Begin each sentence with the words “now” or “at this moment” or “here and now.” Gestalt exercises are a way of getting more information from the environment and inside our bodies. After answering that question, draw or sculpt where you are at this moment, how your body feels somatically at this moment.

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