module 1 study guide D307

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Western Governors University *

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D307

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Psychology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by abbygk7

Module 1: Physical Development Study Guide Note : You are encouraged to download the Study Guide to document your responses. If you plan to print the Study Guide and fill it in by hand (recommended), expand the tables after you download it to provide more space to enter a complete response. Learning Objective: The candidate describes stages of physical development to inform appropriate expectations of P–12 students. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs:  What are the five levels in Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? Level Description Example of meeting the need in a classroom/school Physiological Basic needs that are needed to live. Schools provide free lunches for low income and water fountains. Safety Being safe from harm in all aspects of life. No bullying policy. Teachers address bullying situations right away, so students feel safe. Love/belonging Healthy relationships/friendships. Classrooms are inviting and teaches include group activities so that classmates can get to know each other and make friends. Esteem Respect from self and others Teachers make sure all students are valued and respected in their classroom. Self- actualization Being self-aware, focused on personal growth. Teachers push students to their full potential, help them with their goals/dreams.  Can you think of an example when a student's physiological needs not being met would affect their ability to create friendships (love/belonging)? If a student’s physiological needs are not being met it can impact their ability to create friendships because their body can not function properly. You must have your physiological needs met before you can have other needs met. If their physiological needs are not being met, they will be unhealthy. This can cause someone to have to stay home from school or different events, which makes them unable to meet new people and make friends.  How would you summarize Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? A pyramid that allows us to understand the basic needs that humans need in order to reach their full potential.

Level/Stages of Physical Development:  According to Gesell, what are the level/stages of physical development? Level/Stages Ages How long is each level/stage? Characteristics/Abilities Other characteristics/abilities not listed in the course Example of where this might be evidence in a classroom/school Infancy 0-2 2 years Holding up head, sit, crawl, walk, roll over, reach, etc. by 2 they can throw a ball, feed themselves with fingers, build small towers, etc. Drop things on purpose, stand on feet when held. Turn pages of a book. By 2 they can drink from an open cup, climb up and down stairs A preschooler sitting on their own reaching for a toy on the ground. Early childhood 2-6 4 years Gross/fine motor improvements. Run, climb, swing, etc. Fine motor skills: string beads, scribble, paint, write name (5 yr) Wash/dry hands, eat with fork/spoon, throw ball overhand, balance improves, bike with training wheels, scissors to cut straight line, copy/cut out shapes Washing hands before lunch time. Middle Childhood 6-10 4 years Gain weight/height. Improved handwriting, involvement in organized sports. Fine motor skills: sew, crafts, models, etc. Good balance, one hand to throw/catch balls, draw detailed stick figures, independence from family, more developed friendships. Playing baseball in PE at school. Adolescence 10-18 8 years Weight/height increase rapidly, Puberty begins, reject adult authority, hormones impact behavior Cognitive development, attraction to peers. Choosing not to listen to the teacher and what they are asking.  In the context of physical development discussed in the course, what are some differences between males and females? Boys will grow taller and have more muscles than girls do by adolescence. Girls’ growth slows down in adolescence while boys continue to grow.

Key Terms Maslow Physical Development Stages Deficiency Needs Physiological Needs Safety Needs Esteem Needs Love and Belonging Needs Growth Needs Self-Actualization Infancy Early Childhood Middle Childhood Adolescence

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