Early Childhood Workshop

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Grand Canyon University *

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SWK-516-O5

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Psychology

Date

Feb 20, 2024

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pptx

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Uploaded by HighnessPower13370

Early Childhood Workshop Alijah McCray SWK-516

Important Developmental Milestone ● Ages 0-3yrs From the moment babies are born, they respond to the world around them. Their reactions — being calmed by a parent’s embrace or startled by a loud sound — are examples of normal infant development ( Newborn Development: 0-1 Month , n.d.) You may see steady growth if there isn’t the factors or smaller parents, multiple births, birth defects, etc. In the infant stages babies start to get more of a personality and show tell tell signs of discomfort and or need. Crawling, sitting, smiling, babbling/ coos, rolling over etc. ● Toddler years : Growth begins to slow down at the age of 12 months of 1 yr old. Walking, better balance, jumping, some sort of running, solid foods, no longer dependent on milk being the only source. Better motor skills.

Risk Factors (Child) Risk factors for the child ● Genetic factors ● Learning disabilities ● Developmental delays ● Communication delays or difficulties ● Difficult temperament ● Physical illness ● Abuse/ neglect (Ingrid, 2019) Children’s risk come from the risk of the parent before and after birth. Before birth can be from the wrong steps being taken by the parents or lack of knowledge, even from the parent’s genetics. But, it is important to know children’s risk at a young age doesn’t just come from them, but from the main source being the parents.

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Risk Factors (Parents and Guardians) ● Parental stress ● Substance Abuse ● Poverty ● Lack of education ● Lack of support systems ● One parent homes ● History of abuse/neglect ● Criminal activity or incarceration ● Mental health illness’ (Ingrid, 2019) Parents with a lack of stability or who have had an amount of trauma that has not been treated tend to have more risk that parents that don’t have this issue. Having less than enough money in a home of a child causes a parent unable to provide for the child what they need. Without the help of outside services, these situations can turn into neglect and even abuse from the parent’s inability to provide a sufficient and safe environment. When parents do not have a support system they tend to become burned out and even sometimes gain grudgeful towards the child causes even more risk on the parent and child relationship. Parents who have a lower education have a harder to get a well paying job to support their child, but also to provide a stable home. Lack of education can also be knowing about what milestones their child should be hitting which can cause them to miss risk factors.

Protective Factors ● Having a parent that has a support system. ● Knowledge of child development and milestones ● Nurturing and have positive attachments ● Mental health that is regulated and cared for ● Stability from the parent. When parents have more stability and are connected to sources of help it is more helpful and protective of the child. Protective factors are anything that will strengthen the family dynamic and protect the child. ( Protective Factors Framework | Center for the Study of Social Policy , 2018)

Parenting Techniques There are four different main parenting techniques and styles that are common. 1. Authoritative: Creates a positive space and focused on supportive while enforcing rules 2. Authoritarian: Focused on obedience and punishments over discipline. 3. Permissive: Does not enforce rules and commonly uses the phrase “kids will be kids” 4. Uninvolved: Does not nurture or pay attention to the child. How is the child affected? Authoritarian parents may use punishments instead of discipline. So, rather than teach a child how to make better choices, they're invested in making kids feel sorry for their mistakes. (Morin, 2022) Authoritative parents invest time and energy into preventing behavior problems before they start. They also use positive discipline strategies to reinforce positive behavior, like praise and reward systems (Morin, 2022) Permissive parents usually take on more of a friend role than a parent role. They often encourage their children to talk with them about their problems, but they usually don't put much effort into discouraging poor choices or bad behavior (Morin, 2022) At other times, uninvolved parents lack knowledge about child development—or they may believe that their child will do better without their oversight. And sometimes, they're simply overwhelmed with other problems, like work, paying bills, and managing a household.

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Why is Early Childhood Growth Important? Early childhood experiences from birth to age 8 affect the development of the brain’s architecture, which provides the foundation for all future learning, behavior and health. A strong foundation helps children develop the skills they need to become well-functioning adults ( Why Early Childhood Matters | NCDHHS , n.d.) In particular, the time between birth and age 3 is a period of rapid brain development when billions of connections between individual neurons are established. Mechanisms and interventions to support that development must be available beginning at birth ( Why Early Childhood Matters | NCDHHS , n.d.) ●Third-grade reading proficiency ●High school graduation and postsecondary education ●Gainful employment ●Lifetime physical and mental health and well-being ●Avoidance of substance use disorder and crime

How does my environment affect my child’s growth? Children can have positive homes that promote growth or they can have negative homes and environments in the community that promote delay and negative outcomes. A positive environment in a house is a factor that is independent of home ownership. Whether you’re living at a home that you own or in a rented property, it affects you and your children all the same (Academy, 2022) A child’s ability to grow, learn, and explore requires a healthy, safe environment. In contrast, a child’s intellectual, social, and emotional growth can be harmed by a poor home situation. ● A ccording to research, a poor family environment during a child’s early years has been related to developmental delays. These include: ○ Poor linguistic skills ○ Behavioral issues ○ A lack of school preparedness (Academy,2022)

What kinds of resources do we have to help development? Talking to the pediatrician first would be ideal for the parent once they notice there is a delay. Services: ● Assistive technology (devices a child might need) ● Audiology or hearing services ● Speech and language services ● Counseling and training for a family ● Medical services ● Nursing services ● Nutrition services ● Occupational therapy ● Physical therapy ● Psychological services ( Developmental Delay | Center for Parent Information and Resources , 2016)

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How is my culture involved in my child’s development? Different culture have different ideas of how children should be raised. There becomes a conflict when a culture and medically advice and guidelines do not match. Some cultures do not believe in vaccinations, whereas in medical guidelines and advice it is recommended that children should be vaccinated. Children learn behaviors from viewing their caregivers conducting them. If the culture is poor communication the child will be delayed in communication.

What kinds of toys and play are helpful/recommended? Toys that have different textures and toys that allow the child to use and progress their fine motor skills are always ideal for this age group. There is no real need to use a big variety of toys with this age group. You want the child to get familiar with the toys so that they are learning in that process while testing memory. Ideal toys do this: Stimulates baby's vision, Plays music, Has volume control, Teether and rattle combined, Helps develop fine motor skills, Soft ,Provides sensory stimulation, and etc. ( https://www.facebook.com/verywell ) At this age it isn’t about how cool the toy is, or what is the newest toy that all the kids have been wanting. Toys at this age are meant to promote growth and development and that should be taking into consideration by parents and caregivers.

Steps to address noticed delays. I will give you three steps to address developmental delays, but also these steps are to help parents and caregivers know how to advocate for the child to get the service he/she needs. 1. Seek out and early interventionist or care provider to detect things early . Early intervention is support and services for children with developmental delays from birth up to three years of age. This research-based approach has been shown to minimize – or even prevent – effects of developmental delays, enhance children’s lives, and help them live up to their full potential (Jeralin-Admin). 2. Play with them and keep them engaged. Play helps children learn life skills. It is how they learn about themselves and the world around them. It also teaches them to cooperate with others, ignites creativity, helps them solve problems, increases independence, and improves fine and gross motor skills (Jeralin-Admin). 3. Structure and set routine. Most children benefit from daily routines because they better know what to expect, like when nap time is always after lunch. But schedules and routines are even more critical for children who are working with some sort of developmental delay, who can become overwhelmed by simple daily tasks, such as packing a backpack or using the toilet (Jeralin-Admin).

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What is the true involvement of the Primary caregiver? In a family dynamic of a child, you want to have different sources and levels of support for that child. Not everything can come from the primary caregiver, and not everything can come from outside the home from support systems either. There needs to be balance to the support system. The whole family is there to support both the child and the parent. While the parent is more focused on the child and their well- being.

References https://www.facebook.com/verywell. “The 8 Best Developmental Toys for Babies of 2020.” Verywell Family , 2020, www.verywellfamily.com/best-developmental-toys-for-babies-4584214. Jeralin-Admin. “How to Help a Child with a Developmental Delay.” About Play , 14 Mar. 2022, aboutplaysc.com/how-to-help-a-child-with-a-developmental-delay/. Academy, L. (2022, October 11). Environmental Factors That Affect Child Development . Lead Academy. https://lead-academy.org/blog/environmental-factors-that-affect-child-development/#:~:text=In%20contrast%2C%20a%20child Developmental Delay | Center for Parent Information and Resources . (2016). Parentcenterhub.org. https://www.parentcenterhub.org/dd/ Morin, A. (2022, August 9). 4 types of parenting styles and their effects on kids . Verywell Family. https://www.verywellfamily.com/types-of- parenting-styles-1095045 Newborn Development: 0-1 month . (n.d.). CHOC Children’s. https://www.choc.org/primary-care/ages-stages/newborn/ Protective Factors Framework | Center for the Study of Social Policy . (2018). Center for the Study of Social Policy. https://cssp.org/our- work/projects/protective-factors-framework/

Early Childhood Workshop

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