Pamphlet of Lev Zygotsky, week 3 assignment

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HUM 100 X5

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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Holly Chow Early Life and Education -Early education took place at home. At 15, entered a private Jewish Gymnasium and graduated with distinction. -Admitted to Moscow University at age of 17, first entering medical school and then law school after one semester -Concurrently enrolled at Shaniavskii University, learning more about the Jewish people and their history, traditions, and culture -Formal schooling was interrupted by Bolshevik Revolution that occurred in 1917 Professional Stages -By 1920, Lev began publishing in academic journals (age 24). -In 1924 became a research fellow at the Psychological Institute in Moscow, also serving as a staff scientist and teacher. -Manuscripts and books were almost all published post-mortem which blended Marxist approaches with those of objective and naturalist psychology. -Assembled and worked with a team of students to study the development of logical memory, decision-making and language comprehension. Biography -Born in Orsha, Belarus November 17 th , 1896, to non-religious Jewish family -Deceased June 11, 1934, due to tuberculosis, age 38 -Active representative in Gomel from 1919-1923 as part of local Bolshevik government -1925: Teacher and staff scientist at Psychological Institute in Moscow, focusing on learning processes and languages’ role in learning. Lev Vygotsky The Father of Cultural- Historical Psychology

Holly Chow Zone of Proximal Development -Key theory which led to the idea of scaffolding in education -A student/child has certain knowledge and abilities which can be displayed independently. -Children can develop learning alone, but not to their full abilities. -Collaboration with teachers and other learners will allow children to learn more and support their further learning. “Learning is more than the acquisition of the ability to think; it is the acquisition of many specialised abilities for thinking about a variety of things.” Lev Vygotsky, “Mind in Society”, 1978 Socio-Cultural Approach to Development -Cognitive development is impacted by social and cultural factors. -Social interactions help to form mental abilities such as speech and reasoning in children. -Beliefs, values and problem-solving abilities are formulated through interaction with those that have more knowledge (known as the more knowledgeable other, or MKO). -Interactions with these MKOs show significant increase in quantity of information and number of skills that a child develops. Interactions are also shown to improve development of higher-order functions including formal reasoning. The Role of Language -Language is key as it is how adults mainly pass information to children. -Serves as a tool for intellectual adaptation. -Language is defined as three forms: social, private and underground private speech. -Social speech defined as external communication with others (around age 2 and beyond) -Private speech is directed to the self and serves as a more intellectual function to help self-regulate (around age 3). Underground private speech is completely internal and typically takes effect at a later age, around 7.

Holly Chow Video Link: https://libertyuniv-my.sharepoint.com/:f:/g/personal/hcchow_liberty_edu/Eueb9h8E8sRMm3HMbaa5o3sBSCXoNEgIrI3mHqX6eMdG3Q? email=hcchow%40liberty.edu&e=Z3bVao References Barton, A. (2022, July 12). Vygotsky’s theory . ETSU Center for Teaching Excellence. https://www.etsu.edu/teaching/resources/more_resources/vygotsky.php By, Mcleod, S., on, U., & 24, J. (2024, January 24). Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory of cognitive development . Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/vygotsky.html Kendra Cherry, Mse. (2023, July 6). How Vygotsky defined the zone of proximal development . Verywell Mind. https://www.verywellmind.com/what- is-the-zone-of-proximal-development-2796034 Kurt, Dr. S. (2022, October 17). Lev Vygotsky: Who he was and what he has done . Educational Technology. https://educationaltechnology.net/lev- vygotsky-who-he-was-and-what-he-has-done/

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