PSYC1100_worksheet

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1100

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Psychology

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Feb 20, 2024

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PSYC 1100 – Class Activity 1 Douglas College Instructor: N. Di Pietro 1 1. For the psychology contributors below, do your best to put them in historical order and give one or two words describing what they contributed: Psychologist In order Contribution B.F. Skinner Wilhelm Wundt William James Sigmund Freud Rene Descartes Abraham Maslow Aristotle 2. Quiz yourself! Answer whether each of these statements is true or false. Compare your answers with a neighbor. If your answers differ, discuss why. Statement T/F Psychology is universally defined as the scientific study of observable behaviour. The classical Greek philosophers tested their theories using the scientific method. René Descartes believed that the brain and the mind are fundamentally the same thing. Franz Joseph Gall asserted that the size of bumps or indentations on the skull reflected the size of the brain regions beneath and thus indicated personality traits. Wilhelm Wundt opened the first psychology laboratory in Leipzig in 1879. Introspection as a scientific method failed because it did not generate replicable observations. Behaviourists deny the existence of all mental processes, such as thinking and consciousness. B. F. Skinner believed that humans did not have free will. Most therapies are based on Freud. Psychologists working as counseling professionals don’t need to be so concerned with research findings. A psychiatrist has a medical degree. After earning their PhDs, most psychologists today continue to teach or engage in research activities.

PSYC 1100 – Class Activity 1 Douglas College Instructor: N. Di Pietro 2 3. Think like a psychologist! Read the following scenario and answer the multiple choice questions as best you can. Tice and Baumeister (1997) studied the relationship between procrastination and symptoms of physical illness in college students during an academic semester. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring procrastination. From this, they were classified as either procrastinators or non-procrastinators. All participants also were instructed to record the number of negative health symptoms that they experienced during the first (early) and last (late) month of the semester. Figure 1.1 shows the major results of the study: Reference: Tice, D. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (1997). Longitudinal study of procrastination, performance, stress, and health: The costs and benefits of dawdling. Psychological Science, 8(6) , 454 – 458. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00460.x 1. Which statement is true? A) Procrastinators reported more symptoms than nonprocrastinators at both time points. B) The end of the semester was associated with more symptoms than the beginning for both procrastinators and nonprocrastinators. C) Procrastination appears to negatively affect health as early as the first month of the semester. D) The beginning of the semester was the most likely time that nonprocrastinators became ill. 2. William James might have been MOST interested in which question about procrastination? A) Does the number of people in a class affect individuals' decisions to procrastinate on an assignment? B) Can a procrastinator be taught to not procrastinate by harsh late penalties on assignments? C) What areas of the brain become active when a person consciously decides to procrastinate? D) In what way does procrastination reflect an adaptive mental process? 3. The claim that students tend to procrastinate because most of the time there are no negative consequences for doing so is consistent with the school of psychology developed by: A) Sigmund Freud. B) E. O. Wilson. C) B. F. Skinner. D) Wilhelm Wundt. 4. Which type of psychologist would be LEAST likely to study the adverse effects of procrastination on overall health and academic performance? A) clinical B) health C) school/educational D) cognitive

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