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INFANTILE AUTISM 1 Infantile Autism and Sensory Processes Courtney B. Morrow American Military University

INFANTILE AUTISM 2 Infantile Autism and Sensory Processes Autism is a range of different developmental disabilities that can occur at different stages of life. When getting into what can make the difference in when recognized can range from different stages of life and age groups. Specifically in infants, it’s extremely important as it can shape the life of the children in question. Infantile autism focuses on social and language disorders and is characterized before 30 months of age. During some research, it was found that audiovisual test during infancy can show signs and predict a diagnosis of autism. There are methods and observations that can either make or break the conclusion of finding the cause or disorder. Multisensory Infancy can be a rough time for parents when they cannot understand what can be happening with their child in the form of performance and needs. In the method and research, I chose about multisensory processes helps understand the differences in the perception and audio of 10-month-old children and they are siblings to children that are autistic shows that not always all the children will become autistic just because they are in the same household. It The methods that were used via medical records of the infant’s siblings that were used to place them in the groups of either high risk (at risk of on spectrum) or low risk (has a typical development) were a bit vague, and the only method used. There could have been a better way to form the groups that contained information of the children that’s being observed, along with what was used. Having different methods to form the hypotheses could ultimately help form the actual methods that should be used. Another assessment that was used is only two times at the beginning, 10 months and then a follow-up which was 36 months, in the means of the initial assessment being an eye test that followed different sessions in a span of a full day using the

INFANTILE AUTISM 3 tobii eye tracking and that one. Showed psychologist where they were on the Mullen scale of early learning. At 36 months, the test wasn’t conducted again but then showed more audiovisuals to see if they responded as some responded and some didn’t. Things could have been conducted better in the aspect the psychologist could have not had a huge gap between ages. Conducting at least 3-4 assessments withing the 10-36 months could have made a bigger difference in outcomes to see how sooner or later that a child may develop autism during this age. Some of the studies participants didn’t finish the entire study due to conducting two trials of the audio visual (eye tracking along with clapping while being assessed) and affected the conclusion as most of them were in the HR group which accounted for 50% of the samples. Making sure that when parents agree to the terms of studies it should be mandatory that if in agreeance the child should complete the study/trials unless ill or something serious. What I can say about this study is that it is important to have test like this because the sooner any disorder can be found for a child the better their life can be, and it can help the parents also . Psychologist in this field can make such a difference because understanding the different disorders and different methods to treat and understand how and why they may come about can shape the future of medicine and how autistic individuals operate. I learned that understanding signs and family history can help with at home and in a classroom setting for teacher and caregivers can warrant for testing as it can affect siblings and can later still be diagnosed after 30 months but can be on the radar. The research within the study is great but could grow and be done again for a longer time. Conducting the study for a longer time with more in-depth test can show greater evidence especially because we have more technology that the old methods can do a lot more within. The impact of the research even though could be more, is a great way to start off if questioning if

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INFANTILE AUTISM 4 your infant may be having sensory issues, that you as a parent cannot understand. It did show that as predicted they found that infant siblings who later received an autism diagnosis were quantifiably less inclined to orient to audiovisual synchrony expressed in point light displays of biological motion compared to two groups of infants who did not fulfill criteria for autism at follow-up (Falck‐Ytter, Nyström, & Gredebäck, etc., 2018). This research will only grow over time and develop new methods that can now be adopted and added to grow this method in the long run. Continuance of research methods about infantile autism and multisensory skills will change the world and will continue to make a difference for parents if we continue to have non- invasive strategies that are conducive to children.

INFANTILE AUTISM 5 References Falck‐Ytter, Nyström, P., Gredebäck, G., Gliga, T., Bölte, S., Norin, S., Konke, L. A., Brocki, K., Cauvet, E., Hedenius, M., Kleberg, J. L., Jobs, E. N., & Thorup, E. (2018). Reduced orienting to audiovisual synchrony in infancy predicts autism diagnosis at 3 years of age. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry , 59 (8), 872–880. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.1286

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