Chapter_010-1

Chapter 10 ■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ 209 13. Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord: ................... C A. Gyrus B. Dendrites C. Cauda equina D. Microglia E. Oligodendroglia 14. Disease of the spinal cord: ............ E A. Encephalopathy B. Myopathy C. Myoparesis D. Meningioma E. Myelopathy 15. Collection of blood within the meningeal layers: .............................. C A. Leptomeningitis B. Cerebromalacia C. Subdural hematoma D. Hydrocephalus E. Hemiparesis 16. Abnormal sensation of tingling or prickling: ......................................... B A. Anesthesia B. Paresthesia C. Analgesia D. Neurasthenia E. Hyperkinesis 17. Inflammation of a spinal nerve root: D A. Encephalitis B. Meningitis C. Blepharitis D. Radiculitis E. Polyneuritis 18. A highly malignant brain tumor: ...... C A. Meningioma B. Epidural hematoma C. Glioblastoma D. Subdural hematoma E. Teratoma 19. Paralysis of four extremities: .............. D A. Hemiparesis B. Hemiplegia C. Paraplegia D. Quadriplegia E. Apraxia 20. Cerebral aneurysm, thrombosis, or hemorrhage can be the cause of: ...... C A. Cerebrovascular accident B. Concussion C. Multiple sclerosis D. Myasthenia gravis E. Epilepsy 21. Fainting: ............................................ D A. Shingles B. Hypesthesia C. Ataxia D. Syncope E. Palsy 22. Spina bifida is associated with: ... E.. A. Poliomyelitis B. Myelomeningocele C. Multiple myeloma D. Hyperkinesis E. Narcolepsy 23. Parkinson disease is characterized by: ....................... B A. Shuffling gait B. Cerebellar ataxia C. Bell palsy D. Herpes zoster infection E. Narcolepsy 24. Disorder of reading, writing, and learning is: ......................................... E A. Epilepsy B. Apraxia C. Bradykinesis D. Neurasthenia E. Dyslexia 25. Condition of no nervous sensation C ... A. Analgesia B. Anencephaly C. Anesthesia D. Huntington disease E. Alzheimer disease

212 Chapter 10 ■ VOCABULARY QUIZ 7. Large, interlacing network of nerves plexus 8. Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord including cranial and spinal nerves peripheral nervous system 9. Involuntary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing, and gastrointestinal muscles parasympathetic nerves 10. Glial cell that forms the myelin sheath covering axons oligodendroglial cell E. Match the following vocabulary terms with their meanings below: sciatic nerve sulcus vagus nerve sensory nerve sympathetic nerves ventricles of the brain stimulus synapse stroma thalamus 1. Depression or groove in the surface of the cerebral cortex sulcus 2. Connective and supporting tissue of an organ; glial cells of the brain stroma 3. Tenth cranial nerve vagus nerve 4. Carries messages toward the brain and spinal cord; afferent nerve sensory nerve 5. Main relay center of the brain thalamus 6. Autonomic nerves that influence bodily functions involuntarily in times of stress sympathetic nerves 7. Spinal nerve extending from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot sciatic nerve 8. Agent of change (light, sound, touch) that evokes a response stimulus 9. Space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells or between nerve and muscle or glandular cells synapse 10. Canals in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid ventricles of the brain

Chapter 10 ■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ 215 E. Using the following word parts, build medical terms from the definitions below: syncop/o -praxia hemi- tax/o -sthenia quadri- -plegia a- para- 1. paralysis of the lower portion of the body: paraplegia 2. pertaining to fainting: syncopal al 3. lack of coordination: ataxia ia 4. movements and behavior are not purposeful (actions are not appropriate): apraxia 5. paralysis of one side of the body: hemiplegia 6. nervous exhaustion and fatigue: neur neurasthenia 7. paralysis of all four extremities: quadriplegia

218 Chapter 10 ■ LABORATORY TESTS AND CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ Chapter Ten LABORATORY TESTS AND CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 371–373) Match the following terms with their definitions below: cerebral angiography Doppler/ultrasound studies myelography CSF analysis EEG PET scan of the brain CT of the brain and spinal cord LP stereotactic radiosurgery MRI of the brain and spinal cord 1. Cerebrospinal fluid is withdrawn from between two lumbar vertebrae LP 2. Magnetic waves and radio wave energy create images (of the brain and spinal cord) in three planes MRI of the brain and spinal cord 3. Samples of cerebrospinal fluid are examined CSF analysis 4. X-ray imaging of the spinal cord after injection of contrast material within the subarachnoid space myelography 5. Radioactive glucose is injected and detected in the brain to image the metabolic activity of cells PET scan of the brain 6. X-ray imaging of arterial blood vessels in the brain after injection of contrast material cerebral angiography 7. Sound waves detect blood flow in the carotid and intracranial arteries Doppler/ultrasound studies 8. X-ray technique that produces computerized multiple (especially cross-sectional) images of the brain and spinal cord CT of the brain and spinal cord 9. Use of a specialized instrument (Gamma knife) to locate and treat targets in the brain stereotactic radiosurgery 10. Recording of the electrical activity of the brain EEG

Chapter 10 ■ EXERCISE QUIZ 221 Chapter Ten EXERCISE QUIZ Name: A. Match the following neurologic structures with their meanings: axon cerebral cortex meninges oligodendroglia cauda equina dendrite myelin sheath plexus 1. three protective membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord meninges 2. microscopic fiber that carries the nervous impulse along a nerve cell axon 3. a large, interlacing network of nerves plexus 4. branching fiber that is first part of a neuron to receive a nervous impulse dendrite 5. protective fatty tissue that surrounds the axon of a nerve cell myelin sheath 6. collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord cauda equina 7. glial cell that produces myelin oligodendroglia 8. outer region of the largest part of the brain; composed of gray matter cerebral cortex B. Give meanings for the following terms: 9. dura mater thick , outermost layer of the meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord 10. synapse space through which a nervous impulse travels between nerve cells 11. medulla oblongata part of brain above the spinal cord 12. hypothalamus controls sleep, appetite body temperature C. Match the following terms with their meanings or associated terms below: gyri parenchymal cell sensory nerve neurotransmitter pia mater subarachnoid space 13. carries messages toward the brain from receptors sensory nerve 14. essential cell of the nervous system; a neuron parenchymal cell 15. innermost meningeal membrane pia mater 16. elevations in the cerebral cortex gyri 17. acetylcholine is an example of this chemical released into a synapse neurotransmitter 18. contains cerebrospinal fluid subarachnoid space

224 Chapter 10 ■ DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: VOCABULARY Chapter Ten DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: VOCABULARY AND TERMINOLOGY Name: A. Dictation of Terms 1. stroma 2. myelin sheath 3. cerebrum 4. cerebellum 5. astrocyte 6. Neurotransmitter 7. synapse 8. meningitis 9. gliomas 10. bradykinesia 11. ataxia 12. anencephaly 13. syncopal 14. meningioma 15. hypothalamus 16. neuropathy 17. apraxia 18. paraplegia 19. coma 20. gyrus B. Comprehension of Terms: Match number of the above term with its meaning below. 1 The connective and framework tissue of any organ 2 Fatty tissue that surrounds and protects the axon of a nerve cell 3 Largest part of the brain 4 Posterior part of the brain; responsible for maintaining balance 5 A type of glial cell 6 Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells 7 The space through which a nerve impulse passes from one nerve cell to another 8 Inflammation of membranes around the brain and spinal cord 9 Malignant brain tumor 10 Slow movement 11 Lack of muscle coordination 12 Condition of absence of a brain (congenital anomaly) 13 Pertaining to fainting 14 Benign tumor of the membranes around brain 15 Part of the brain that controls the secretions of the pituitary gland 16 Nervous exhaustion; “lack of nerve strength” 17 Movements and behavior are not purposeful 18 Paralysis of the lower part of the body 19 State of unconsciousness from which a patient cannot be aroused 20 Elevations on the surface of the cerebral cortex

Chapter 10 ■ PRONUNCIATION QUIZ 227 Chapter Ten PRONUNCIATION QUIZ Name: A. Underline the accented syllable in the following terms: 1. an gio graphy 4. myelome nin gocele 7. myel op athy 10. nar colepsy 2. encepha lop athy 5. syn cope 8. gli oma 3. oc clu sion 6. den drite 9. hyperes the sia B. Match the term in Column I with its meaning in Column II: Column I Column II 1. axon I A. Pertaining to supportive cells of the nervous system 2. meninges G B. Substance that helps transmit a nervous impulse 3. embolism D C. Part of a nerve cell 4. cauda equina J D. Obstruction of a blood vessel by a clot or foreign substance 5. glial A E. Network of nerve fibers. 6. thalamus B F. Tail end of the spinal cord 7. synapse H G. Three membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord 8. plexus C H. Space between nerve cells 9. acetylcholine E I. A part of the brain that serves as a relay station for impulses 10. neurasthenia F J. Lack of strength in nerves; sense of weakness and exhaustion C. Complete the following terms from their definitions: 1. dys arthria 2. an algesia 3. hemi plegia Difficult speech A condition of insensitivity to pain Slight paralysis of right or left side of the body 4. radicul itis Inflammation of a spinal nerve root 5. neuro pathy 6. vago tomy 7. a taxia 8. dys lexia 9. glio blastoma 10. electro encephalogram Disease of a nerve Incision of the vagus nerve Lack of coordination Condition of painful nervous sensations Tumor of immature brain cells (glia)

Electrical record of the brain

228 Chapter 10 ■ DIAGRAM QUIZ Chapter Ten DIAGRAM QUIZ Name: Label the diagram using the terms listed below: Axon Cell body Cell nucleus Dendrites Myelin sheath Synapse Terminal end fibers STIMULUS dendrites 1 cell body 2 cell nucleus 3 anon 4 myelin sheath 5 Nerve impulse AXON Terminal end fiber Terminal end fibers 6 Vesicle Neurotransmitters Neurotransmitters synapse 7 Receptor Inactivator DENDRITE Nerve impulse

Chapter 10 ■ REVIEW SHEET QUIZ 229 Chapter Ten REVIEW SHEET QUIZ Name: A. Give meanings for the following combining forms: 1. encephal/o brain 2. kines/o movement 3. mening/o meninges 4. neur/o nerve 5. my/o muscle 6. vag/o- vagus nerve 7. radicul/o nerve root 8. tax/o order 9. myel/o spinal cord 10. esthesi/o feeling,nervous B. Give meanings for the following prefixes: 1. quadri- denoting four 2. hypo- below 3. hemi- right or left half of the body 4. poly- many 5. sub- below 6. micro- small 7. hyper- increase 8. dys- difficult 9. epi- above 10. para- beside

230 Chapter 10 ■ REVIEW SHEET QUIZ C. Give meanings for the following suffixes: 1. -algesia feel pain 2. -paresis weakness 3. -phasia speech 4. -ptosis drooping eyelid 5. -sclerosis hardening of tissue 6. -plegia paralysis 7. -sthenia strength 8. -praxia action 9. -blast immature bone marrow cells 10. -cele swelling hernia

Chapter 10 ■ MEDICAL SCRAMBLE 231 Chapter Ten MEDICAL SCRAMBLE Name: Unscramble the letters to form suffixes related to nervous system conditions from the clues. Use the letters in the squares to complete the bonus term. 1. Clue: Abnormal electrical activity in the brain EPILEPSY E Y P I P E S L 2. Clue: Inflammation of membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord MENINGITIS S I E T M I N G N I 3. Clue: Paralysis PALSY S A Y L P 4. Clue: Mental decline and deterioration DEMENTIA E N E T I D A M BONUS TERM: Clue: Space between nerve cells NEURONAL