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Kiara Tilghman Psyc 300 August 26, 2023 Introduction We are social beings, it has always been crucial for human survival to be able to distinguish between different types of faces. There is proof that a person's capacity to recognize faces is prejudiced against their sex, age, color, and ethnicity. Researchers have been examining theories regarding potential variations of these preferences over the past few decades, and some evidence unquestionably supports these theories that aim to classify people into different social groups (Crisp, R. J., & Hewstone, 2007). The most intriguing results, however, were those that related to particular examples of these biases, such as the fact that women (and even girls) are generally better at recognizing faces than men and that both sexes are much better at recognizing females than guys. In addition, research by Rehnman and Herlitz (2007) supports the validity of the idea of racial and ethnic preference. The capacity of both genders to recognize male faces will be tested in this study as bias against male faces has previously been demonstrated in prior studies (Rehnman, J., & Herlitz, 2007). According to some earlier studies (Rehnman, J., & Herlitz, 2006), women are better than men at recognizing male facial expressions. This claim that women are better than men at recognizing male faces will be put to the test in our study. Method The participants (N = 40, 20 males and 20 females), who are online university students and adults roughly between the ages of 18 and 70, will see 10 sets of adult male faces, each with five faces, for a total of five seconds. The subject will be provided one face with a question to determine whether or not it was there in each set of five faces after viewing each set for five

seconds. Throughout the experiment, some faces will appear just once, while others will repeatedly to see if familiarity affects the likelihood that a face would be recognized.The majority of the white middle-aged Caucasian men whose faces are displayed will be mixed in with those of other races and ethnicities. Since we are comparing the performance of the two groups, the t- test will be employed for the study. The null hypothesis is that women will perform much better than males in the task of recognizing male faces. Results An easy t-test for two unpaired groups is used to assess the data. The study's findings show that women did not do better than men in the male facial recognition test, with t(40) = 6.79, p = 0.001 (this difference is regarded as extremely significant), and standard error of difference SE=0.404. Discussion According to the study's findings, women are clearly not superior than males in their ability to identify male faces. Therefore, the null hypothesis should be rejected, according to the available evidence (p is unquestionably higher than the level of significance). As a result, even in the absence of own-gender bias, women are not better at recognizing faces than men are. The individuals were enrolled in higher education, which is known to have an impact on cognitive function, and the study's sample size was rather small, among other drawbacks (Lövde'n et al., 2004). The age and ethnicity of the guys in the photographs were not the main subjects of this study, but they might be. Children and the elderly have also been left out of the study, and even those who have been could potentially be biased given that college students tend to be mostly young. This raises concerns about the study's level of representation because young people typically have better memories. Different target photo settings (with/without makeup,

smiling/neutral/angry, young/old, etc.), age ranges, educational levels, socializing levels of the participants, and other factors can present a wide range of fascinating combinations for future studies.

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References Crisp, R. J., & Hewstone, M. (2007). Multiple social categorization. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 163-254. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0065-2601(06)39004-1 Lövde'n, M., Rönnlund, M., Wahlin, A., Bäckman, L., Nyberg, L., & Nilsson, L.-G. (2004). The extent of stability and change in episodic and semantic memory in old age: Demographic predictors of level and change.Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences,59, 30- 134. Rehnman, J., & Herlitz, A. (2007). Women remember more faces than men do. Acta psychologica, 124(3), 344-355. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2006.04.004 Rehnman, J., & Herlitz, A. (2006). Higher face recognition ability in girls: Magnified by own- sex and own ethnicity bias. Memory, 14, 289-296. Zhang, T., Zhou, Y., & Han, S. (2023). Priority of racial and gender categorization of faces: A social task demand framework. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 124(3), 483-520. https://doi-org.ezproxy.umgc.edu/10.1037/pspa0000318

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