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Post a brief description of the two historical events you chose. Explain how these historical events influenced the development of tests and measurement. Then, choose one of the two events and describe a historical example of test misuse and the consequences related to the event. 1905: Alfred Binet invents the first intelligence test, referred to today as the Binet-Simon scale. 1977: Theodore Millon and associates publish the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI), a test of psychopathology designed as an alternative to the MMPI and to address some of its shortcomings. The MCMI scales correspond closely to current psychiatric diagnostic categories One significant historical event in psychology was the development of the Binet-Simon scale. Alfred Binet developed this scale to test one’s intelligence. The scale consisted of 54-tests, ranging in difficulty that were used to display differences in memory, reason, ability to compare, comprehension, time orientation, number concepts, amongst other factors (Terman, 1949). The results of these tests are compared to the standards of an intellectual person and can be used to determine if the individual is developmentally on track. This test was foundational for the field of psychology. This scale allowed other researchers to focus on the cognitive abilities of the individual. Many researchers have even expanded onto the scale. The second significant historical event in psychology I selected is the Theordore Millon, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI). This scale is used by professionals to assess psychiatric symptoms and characteristics to classify personality disorders (Piersma, 1986). The MCMI consists of true/false questions given as a self-report and is helpful in screening the appropriate diagnosis for a client. Theordore Millon has created multiple revisions of this scale. The scale helps understand and identify personality traits that lead to certain personality diagnosis in the DSM. One example of test misuse is the Binet-Simon test being used at the Vineland Training Schools. Henry Herbert Goddard used the scale to determine intelligence of the boys and girls at the schools. He then advocated for segregation and sterilization of the intellectually disabled individuals (Dennert, 2021). Goddard referred to the children with lower IQ’s as the “backward children” and stated that they could not be treated or respond to educational instructions (Dennert, 2021).
Dennert, J. W (2021). Henry Herbert Goddard. Embryo Project Encyclopedia. ISSN: 1940-5030 Piersma, H. L. (1986). The Factor Structure of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) for Psychiatric Inpatients.  Journal of Personality Assessment ,  50 (4), 578. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5004_ 5 Terman, L. M. (1949). The Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale. In W. Dennis (Ed.),  Readings in general psychology.  (pp. 331–337). Prentice-Hall, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1037/11352-047
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