NSCI LAB Investigation 3 Appendix B

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Jan 9, 2024

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1. Toy Car VS. Ramp Kaylee, Ruby, Maria, Adny Lab Section (Thursday 11am) Lab Section Instructor- PJ Anchor Phenomenon Connection: What happens to a toy car's energy when it is released from a ramp? Hypothesis: When the height of the ramp increases the car will have more energy when released. Investigation Description: We are planning an investigation that demonstrates kinetic and potential energy using a toy car and a ramp. We will do this by releasing a toy car from a ramp of 3 different heights. We will then calculate the speed of the toy car by dividing the distance by the time. We will repeat this process 5 times for each height. We will record our data and make graphs to demonstrate our findings. Changes (if any) to Investigation Plan: Instead of using books to calculate the different heights, we used the height of stairs to do the car ramp experiment.

2. Results 2A. Data Table TIIME ( SECONDS) TRIALS HEIGHT: 22cm HEIGHT: 32cm HEIGHT: 62cm 1 2.51 1.95 2.18 2 2.41 2.18 2.21 3 2.66 1.95 2.38 4 2.5 1.95 2.12 5 2.46 1.7 2.3 DISTANCE OF CAR : Centimeters TRIALS HEIGHT: 22cm HEIGHT: 32cm HEIGHT: 62cm 1 161 211 207 2 152 168 180 3 163 184 189 4 152 143 184 5 140 128 224

SPEED: Distance/Time TRIALS HEIGHT: 22cm HEIGHT: 32cm HEIGHT: 62cm 1 64.1 108.2 94.9 2 63.1 77.1 81.4 3 61.3 94.4 79.4 4 60.8 73.3 86.8 5 57 75.3 97.4 Mass of Car: 6.25g G= 980.665 Trials Distance (cm) Time (t) Velocity (d/t) Height (cm) K. E=½mV2 P.E=Mgh 1 153.6 2.5 61.44 22 11796.48 134,841 2 166.8 1.9 87.8 32 24090.125 196,133 3 196.8 2.2 89.45 62 25004.07 380,003 2B. Calculations and Graphs

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3. Reflection 3A. Scientific Conclusions - The higher the ramp was lifted the greater energy the car had when it was released leading the experiment to support our hypothesis. Comparing with the graphs the formula distance/time demonstrates that the toy cars speed continued to increase throughout the raised lengths of the ramp. Throughout the graphs we are able to see the potential and kinetic energy of the toy car throughout its height in the ramp continuing with the speed it ran down with. When the car is at a greater height on the ramp, it possesses more potential energy. As it rolls down the ramp, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, making the car move faster. Therefore, The faster a given object is moving , the more energy it possesses. 3B. NGSS PE 4-PS3-1 : Use evidence to construct an explanation relating the speed of an object to the energy of the object. - The SEP: Constructing explanations and designing solutions. - We constructed an experiment of the toy car and ramp and did research to EXPLAIN that relation of the speed of an object to the energy of the object. We used our observations to relate this idea of speed and energy of objects. - The DCI: Definitions of energy - The energy that we analyzed for our experiment was kinetic and potential energy. Potential energy is placed into the car when it is released from the ground and is

sitting on top of the ramp. The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when the car rolls down the ramp. The faster a given object is moving , the more energy it possesses. - The formula for potential energy is mgh. - The formula for kinetic energy is ½ mv^2 - The CCC’s: Energy and matter - We learned that energy can be transferred in various ways and between objects. In our experiment there was energy transfer when the car was released from the ramp at different heights. 3C. Future Teaching This can benefit in the future teaching of a 5th grade classroom by expanding the knowledge of students through speed and energy, letting them know the definition of the vocabulary given through the subject and providing them with facts about how speed and energy can have an effect through its process. However, it also expands the students creativity by expanding their imagination in having to build a ramp through objects provided or objects that they may request. 4. References https://homework.study.com/explanation/when-a-car-moves-up-an-incline-does-th e-kinetic-energy-and-potential-energy-decrease-or-increase.html#:~:text=Further% 2C%20the%20height%20of%20the,is%20moving%20up%20the%20ramp . This source explains that the energy of the car will increase when the height of the ramp increases. https://sciencing.com/toy-car-experiments-6706983.html This source gives an insight on what can be learned from the car toy vs. ramp experiment. It provides definitions for the words, friction, inertia and vectors. Besides, taking us step by step and demonstrating in which category in which friction, inertia and vectors take place. https://www.uakron.edu/polymer/agpa-k12outreach/professional-development-mo dules/changing-ramp-heights#:~:text=The%20greater%20the%20weight%20of,that %20of%20potential%20to%20kinetic . This source explains the data they have collected based on their own experiment. As a result, the higher the height, the more energy they receive. The more energy the object gets, the farther it will go (distance). https://www.britannica.com/science/potential-energy#:~:text=potential%20energy %2C%20stored%20energy%20that,has%20after%20falling%20to%20Earth . This source explains the definition of potential energy.

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