Lab14_Fluid_Flow_in_a_Pipe-revised

docx

School

Arizona State University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

111

Subject

Mechanical Engineering

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by MagistrateResolveHyena37

Lab 14 Worksheet Name __________________________ Fluid Dynamics Section _______ Access the Fluid Pressure and Flow PhET simulation . Click on the image at the top of the page to access/play the simulation. This lab can be completed using either the CheerpJ or Java versions, though the CheerpJ version is easier to access. When the simulation launches, click on the “Flow” tab near the upper-left corner of the screen. You should see small red dots flowing through a pipe. Part 1 – Guided Exploration Use the simulation to answer the following questions: 1. Drag a velocity meter (labeled “Speed”) down to the uniform pipe. Measure the velocity in m/s of the water at several different positions within the pipe. How do the readings change as you move the sensor horizontally through the pipe? How do the readings change when you move the sensor vertically through the pipe? Be specific in your explanation. 2. Drag a pressure meter down to the uniform pipe. Measure the pressure in kPa of the water at several different positions within the pipe. How do the readings change as you move the sensor horizontally through the pipe? How do the readings change when you move the sensor vertically through the pipe? Be specific in your explanation. Picture 1 - Fluid Pressure and Flow Simulation The readings do not change whether I move the sensor vertically or horizontally. There is a higher pressure when the sensor is moved vertically(due to height difference in the pipe), but horizontally the pressure stayed the same.

3. Do the pressure sensor readings report the gauge pressure or the absolute pressure? Explain. 4. Select the ruler tool and drag the ruler to the middle of the uniform pipe. Use the handlebars on the pipe to change the diameter of the middle of the pipe. Leave the rest of the pipe diameter unchanged. For each change in pipe diameter, measure the fluid velocity and pressure at points A and B as shown in the diagram below. Complete the table. Diameter A (m) Velocity A (m/s) Pressure A (kPa) Diameter B (m) Velocity B (m/s) Pressure B (kPa) 2.0 1.5 111.22 kPa 3.0 0.8 111.57 kPa 2.0 1.5 111.22 kPa 2.5 0.8 117.14 kPa 2.0 1.5 111.22 kPa 2.0 0.8 120.92 kPa 2.0 1.5 111.22 kPa 1.5 0.8 126.496 kPa 2.0 1.5 111.22 kPa 1.0 0.8 131.27 kPa Point A Point B The pressure sensor readings report the gauge pressure (absolute pressure doesn’t talk about atm pressure and relies on a specific pressure range).

5. What is the effect on the velocity and pressure at point A if the pipe diameter at point B decreases? 6. What is the effect on the velocity and pressure at point B if the pipe diameter at point B decreases? Part 2 – Design and Conduct an Experiment 7. Design an experiment that will allow you to determine how the height difference between points A and B in the pipe will affect the velocities and the pressures. List your procedures below. Indicate the independent and dependent variables and include a few variables that must remain constant. 8. Perform your experiment. Create a properly labeled data table with at least five data points. Velocity stays constant, pressure stays the same with minute differences. The velocity stayed constant, and the pressure changed the further down the pipe I went. I will determine how height difference determines velocity and pressure in points A and B. I will change the height of Point A rather than point B and will keep flow rate and Height of Point B constant. The independent variable will be the height difference, and the dependent variable will be velocity and pressure.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

Diameter A (m) Velocity A (m/s) Pressure A (kPa) Diameter B (m) Velocity B (m/s) Pressure B (kPa) 3.0 0.8 102.99 2.0 1.6 111.36 2.5 2.9 106.89 2.0 1.6 111.36 2.0 3.6 111.67 2.0 1.6 111.36 1.5 3.8 113.33 2.0 1.6 111.36 1.0 6.3 102.27 2.0 1.6 111.36 9. What conclusions can you derive from your data? Be specific in your explanation. 10. Reflect on the entire lab. Summarize your findings below. The pressure and velocity for B stay the same, but the Velocity and pressure for A change, with an increase up until the 1.0m diameter, where there is an 11 kPa drop for whatever reason. Therefore, decreasing the amount of fluid that can get through the tube increases pressure and velocity, but allowing more liquid to get through does the opposite. I kind of related this lab to our ventilation unit in my animal physiology class. Tightening the flow made the pressure greater, and widening the tube decreased the velocity of the flow. Using the simulation helped better my understanding of fluid dynamics, I just wish we could model it in an unsimulated environment.