12:55 pm Wed 28 Aug Engineering 5th year Q Home Insert Draw View A Text Mode Lasso Select Insert Space ICS 03: The temperature of air inside a hot air balloon can reach up to 100°C. This temperature change causes the density of air inside the balloon to be 0.95 kg/m³. If the air outside the balloon is 20°C with Pair = 1.204 kg/m³ What is the required volume of balloon to lift a 2 kN carriage + canvas and 4 kN worth of people? HINT: Draw a FBD and include the weight of air inside the hot air balloon.

Fluid mechanics

The data listed below is from a passenger hot air balloon. The balloon is designed to lift 10-people (80 kg each person). The balloon consists of a basket, a burner- propane tank system. It will lift up when the cold air trapped inside warms up by the burner. Density of air inside the balloon is 99°C: 0.9486 kg/m³, density of air outside balloon is 20°C (ambient): 1.2041 kg/m³ Mass (kg) Balloon Basket Burner Propane tank   113.4 kg 63.5 kg 22.7 kg 183.7 kg      Assume the balloon is a sphere shape, volume =(4/3)pi R3. a. Determine the minimum diameter of the balloon that would have a total lifting force to balance the weight of balloon, basket, burner, propane tank and 10 people? b. If the balloon is converted to survey the weather, it will be filled with hydrogen gas (H2). Assume the weight of the people (800kg) is now replaced by onboard equipment,  what is minimum diameter needed to keep it afloat at 18km above the surface of the earth?

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Compare the pressure of 30 kg of air in a vessel of temperature 300 K and volume 8 m3 by considering real gas and perfect gas.

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The initial temperature of the cube with a density of 700 kg/m³ and a side of 25 cm is 400K. It is placed in an environment with a temperature of 300 K with h=50 W/(m². K) and begins to cool. Calculate the time (seconds) until the temperature of the cube reaches 360 K. You can apply the total mass approach. C cube=500 J/(kg K)

For most gases at standard or near standard conditions, the relationshipamong pressure, density, and temperature is given by the perfect gasequation of state: p = ρRT, where R is the specific gas constant. For airat near standard conditions, R = 287 J/(kg · K) in the International System of Units and R = 1716 ft · lb/(slug · ◦R) in the English Engineering System of Units.  Using the above information, consider the following two cases: a. At a given point on the wing of a Boeing 727, the pressure andtemperature of the air are 1.9 × 104 N/m2 and 203 K, respectively.Calculate the density at this point.b. At a point in the test section of a supersonic wind tunnel, the pressureand density of the air are 1058 lb/ft2 and 1.23 × 10−3 slug/ft3,respectively. Calculate the temperature at this point.

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In a winter season in a certain country, you have to create steam at 100 centigrade at 1 atmosphere from a -10 centigrade snow. What energy will be consumed in kilojoules if the mass flow of steam is expected to be 1.5 kg/s?  subject : Thermodynamics