12-lead ECG User Analysis

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Mechanical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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Usability Evaluation of the 12-Lead ECG Machine Haley Martin, RN

Overview of Usability Assessment  The usability assessment focuses on nine key attributes that make software user-friendly. This presentation will assess the 12-lead ECG device for simplicity, naturalness, consistency, forgiveness and feedback, effective use of language, efficient interactions, effective information presentation, preservation of context, and minimization of cognitive load (Admin, 2021). (Asen Markteing, 2023)

Usability Assessment SIMPLICITY  Uses visual cues to draw user’s attention to leads with poor connection  Specifies required patient PHI that must be inputted into the machine so the ECG can be directly transmitted to the EMR NATURALNESS  Screen flashes green when all leads are scanning properly, and the ECG is ready to be obtained. Green means “go.”  Brief training can be completed in-person or online; however, a study on the use of YouTube videos for EKG collection and interpretation warn of the risk of inaccurate video content (Akgun et al., 2014).

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Usability Assessment CONSISTENCY  Placement of screen elements are consistent  Data entry fields used for login FORGIVENESS & FEEDBACK  Data will not be saved unless the user enters their login information, as well as the patient’s required identifiers  Mixed reports about interference, or, the inability of the device to connect to the computer (Wong et al., 2021).  Assists with incorrect lead placement by highlighting which leads require modification

Usability Assessment EFFECTIVE USE OF LANGUAGE  Entry form choices are concise  Device uses the same terminology for ECG interpretation as the clinician EFFICIENT INTERACTIONS  Alerts the user if leads are not functioning properly, preventing the need for repeat testing  Automatically transmits results to the EMR for the clinician to view  Test takes an average of 145.7 seconds to complete, not including time to prep the patient. Speed improves with user repetition (Wong et al., 2021).

Usability Assessment EFFECTIVE INFORMATION PRESENTATION  Screen can be read easily  Button at bottom of screen to obtain EKG flashes green when the machine is ready  Leads are assigned different colors to convey placement location PRESERVATION OF CONTEXT  Minimal screen changes required to operate device

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Usability Assessment MINIMIZING COGNITIVE LOAD  View of all 12-leads consolidated to one sheet of paper  Automatically calculates heart rate, PR interval, QRS measurements, QT interval, and QTc  Device gives interpretation of rhythm and records findings at top of printed rhythm strip

Human- technology interface problems related to this technology?  May have a lower perception of efficiency if corresponding comfort level with device is low (Wong et al., 2021)  Poor interface between the 12-lead ECG machine and the computer, which may result in unsaved patient data (Wong et al., 2021)  Presence of artifact/ poor signal detected (Berkey et al., 2023).

How to improve the human- technology interface of the selected technology?  Increased use of any unfamiliar device will increase comfort level and efficiency. It took an average of 18 uses with a handheld ECG machine for clinicians (who had been formerly using standard ECG devices) to perform at their original speed (Wong et al., 2021).  Ensure proper network connection between ECG device and computer. May require system reset (Berkey et al., 2023).  Troubleshooting lead signal interruptions requires clinical skill and practice. Always check your connections, working your way from the patient back to the machine (Berkey et al., 2023).

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References  Admin. (2021). Nine Essential Principles of Software Usability for EMRs. HIMSS . https://www.himss.org/resources/nine-essential-principles-software-usability-emrs  Akgun, T., Karabay, C. Y., Kocabay, G., Kalayci, A., Oduncu, V., Güler, A., Pala, S., & Kirma, C. (2014). Learning electrocardiogram on YouTube: How useful is it? Journal of Electrocardiology , 47 (1), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2013.09.004  Asen Marketing. (2023). 12-Lead ECG Placement Guide. Vitali . https://www.vitalipartners.com/blog/2023/01/12-lead-ecg-placement/  Berkey, M., Kollman, H., & Rothenberger, M. (2023, March 30). Tips for quickly resolving issues with ECG machines . AAMI ARRAY. Retrieved August 25, 2023, from https://array.aami.org/content/news/tips-quickly-resolving-issues-ecg- machines  Wong, K. C., Thiagalingam, A., Kumar, S., Marschner, S., Kunwar, R., Bailey, J., Kok, C., Usherwood, T., & Chow, C. K. (2021). User perceptions and experiences of a handheld 12-Lead electrocardiographic device in a clinical setting: Usability evaluation. JMIR Cardio , 5 (2), e21186. https://doi.org/10.2196/21186