ORG Theory Written 2

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Thomas Edison State College *

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360

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Management

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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Uploaded by GrandField12744

According to organizational theory, a bureaucracy involves a hierarchical managerial structure where decision-making and general authority scale heavily toward the top members of the hierarchy where there are many rules and processes for members to abide by. This organizational structure has both pros and cons. The pros are that they tend to be fairly stable and offer clear rules and guidelines for everyone in the organization. The cons are that they can be inefficient, inflexible, and are reticent to adapt to change over sticking to the rules as written or adapting to new technologies and innovations (Tolbert et al., 2018, pp. 21-22). Max Weber, a scholar of business and sociology, came up with characteristics of what comprises an ideal bureaucracy. The first was clear divisions of labor, with each and every task relegated to the individual or group most suited for the specific job. The next is a clear hierarchy of authority and decision-making wherein decisions made by lower level members are reviewed and approved or denied by higher ranking organizational members. The third is a consistent set of written, documented rules and procedures that govern decisions and practices in the organization. The fourth is separation of home and office, which includes a members belongings and resources, and also roles outside the organization do not impact the rules within it and vice versa. And the last is appointing members to their roles based on merit, specialization, and qualifications rather than personality or other factors (Tolbert et al., 2018, p. 22). Max Weber also says that bureaucracies should have fixed jurisdictional areas (Shafritz et al., 2015, p. 78). Most of us come into contact with bureaucracies more often than we think. In a typical week I come into contact with several, mostly businesses. My pharmacy is corporate and so works according to a hierarchy inherent to corporate business. The division of labor and specialization levels between the retail workers, the pharmacists, managers, and all of the roles at a corporate level are well defined and extensive. The same goes for any chain of grocery stores or restaurants, such as Target or a chain restaurant. Another place I experience bureaucracy weekly is with Thomas Edison State University. Educational institutions are inherently bureaucratic as well with different levels of administrators, staff,

and other faculty who are all specialized into specific departments and roles. I also have a doctor’s appointment and most medical facilities are bureaucratic with different sites handling different problems, from general practitioners to hospital staff to specialized disciplines, all heavily regulated with rules and specialized roles. Many bureaucracies have shaped my life up until now, mostly school systems and healthcare organizations, though the legal system is also one of the most bureaucratic systems that I have dealt with. The legal system helped shape my life drastically through my parents’ divorce and my own, and this system is defined by its bureaucracy, with qualified roles like judges and lawyers, the staffing required to keep court running, the extensive rules and laws that govern how cases are tried and how society is governed in general, and the top down approach to decision making and hierarchical structures. Ones that are likely to help shape my life in the future are many of the ones I already deal with, corporate-run businesses and healthcare organizations. New things that will be added will be wherever I wind up working after I get my degree, and the military since my fiance is a retired service member who still deals with military bureaucracy regularly through the office of Veteran’s Affairs and the motions he needs to take to ensure his benefits and disability continues running smoothly, then after we’re married I will also have some of those benefits and need to handle military bureaucracy in my own, different way as well. Resources: Shafritz, J. M., Ott, J. S., & Jang, Y. S. (2015). Classics of organization theory. (8 th ed.) Cengage Learning. Tolbert, P. S., & Hall, R. H. (2018). Organizations: Structures, processes, and outcomes (10 th ed.). Routledge.

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