Group-3 Assignment 1 Variable GRR (Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility) SAmple

QUALITY ASSURANCE- MANUFACTURING & MANAGEMENT QUAL8300-Quality Core Tools II Group Assignment # 1 - (Variable GRR) Date- 8 th June 2023 Professor- Victor Nicolas (Group-3)Student names:- Patel Dipen- (8882504) Champaneri Biren- (8796359) Sakariya Nikunj- (8876987)

Introduction This Assignment consists of the measurement data of ten parts. Each parts is measured by three different operators individually and is recorded in a table. The variation in the data is analyzed using Minitab software and results are evaluated using graphs. A statistical method called Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (R&R) is used to evaluate a measuring system's ability to consistently and accurately measure parts over time. To determine the measuring system's accuracy and precision as well as to identify any potential reasons for measurement process variability, a Gauge R&R study is performed. Repeated measurements of the same component using the same tool are part of the inquiry, and the data are analyzed to determine measurement process variability. It is possible to enhance the measurement process, thereby enhancing the precision and accuracy of the measurements. 2

GRR data-measurements 4 Part Number Appraiser Trial Value 1 A 1 4.505 2 A 1 4.445 3 A 1 4.295 4 A 1 4.452 5 A 1 4.449 6 A 1 4.433 7 A 1 4.753 8 A 1 4.424 9 A 1 4.576 10 A 1 4.542 1 B 1 4.506 2 B 1 4.46 3 B 1 4.296 4 B 1 4.458 5 B 1 4.445 6 B 1 4.437 7 B 1 4.759 8 B 1 4.437 9 B 1 4.578 10 B 1 4.545 1 C 1 4.512 2 C 1 4.458 3 C 1 4.296 4 C 1 4.456 5 C 1 4.449 6 C 1 4.438 7 C 1 4.753 8 C 1 4.434 9 C 1 4.571 10 C 1 4.536 Part Number Appraiser Trial Value 1 A 2 4.507 2 A 2 4.47 3 A 2 4.292 4 A 2 4.431 5 A 2 4.426 6 A 2 4.382 7 A 2 4.762 8 A 2 4.448 9 A 2 4.525 10 A 2 4.532 1 B 2 4.503 2 B 2 4.479 3 B 2 4.292 4 B 2 4.436 5 B 2 4.425 6 B 2 4.385 7 B 2 4.752 8 B 2 4.445 9 B 2 4.522 10 B 2 4.527 1 C 2 4.509 2 C 2 4.478 3 C 2 4.295 4 C 2 4.429 5 C 2 4.422 6 C 2 4.386 7 C 2 4.759 8 C 2 4.442 9 C 2 4.523 10 C 2 4.524 Part Number Appraiser Trial Value 1 A 3 4.522 2 A 3 4.465 3 A 3 4.292 4 A 3 4.388 5 A 3 4.431 6 A 3 4.386 7 A 3 4.755 8 A 3 4.452 9 A 3 4.526 10 A 3 4.529 1 B 3 4.511 2 B 3 4.435 3 B 3 4.288 4 B 3 4.39 5 B 3 4.442 6 B 3 4.392 7 B 3 4.76 8 B 3 4.429 9 B 3 4.519 10 B 3 4.523 1 C 3 4.503 2 C 3 4.435 3 C 3 4.281 4 C 3 4.396 5 C 3 4.43 6 C 3 4.391 7 C 3 4.747 8 C 3 4.43 9 C 3 4.539 10 C 3 4.526

GRR results: 2 tables, all graphs. 5

What is the Number of Distinct Categories (ndc)? What does it mean? What is the precision of the measurement system? What percentage of the Total Variation does the measurement system consume? • The Number of Distinct Categories (ndc) represents the count of unique categories within a categorical variable. It provides insight into the diversity and variability of the data. • NDC value greater than or equal to 5 means measuring equipment is acceptable, whereas if it is less than 5, measuring equipment is not acceptable and needs improvement or change. • In this analysis, the NDC value is 10. It means that data can only be divided into two distinct categories. Since the value is greater than 5 it indicates the resolution is high it indicates that it can detect small unit of variations. • Precision in a measurement system relates to its reliability and consistency. The percentage of Total Variation consumed by the system indicates its impact on overall measurement variability. Lower percentages indicate greater precision and reliability. Using Minitab to perform the Gauge R&R ANOVA analysis; we found that Total Gauge R&R is 13.59% and Total variation is 100% for the lab performed, i.e., the measurement system variation is minor than total variation. According to variance components the Total Gauge R&R is less than 9%, and therefore we can say that the instrument used here exhibit precision and is acceptable. 7

Based on your GRR results and experiment, write down any recommendations to improve the adequacy of the measurement system. • From the GRR results and experiment we found that the measurement variations can vary. Gage error can result in higher variations and inadequate measurement system. Having a properly calibrated gage is a need for a good measurement system. • The part specification is another reason for measurement variation. If the specification of the part differs then the measured data can vary. • Environmental factors can also affect the measurement system. The gage, part specifications and readings can vary depending on the environmental conditions. Therefore, the measurement should be done in adequate environmental conditions. 8

References • What exactly is the NDC in MSA? (2020, October 30). ENCONA. https://www.encona.org/post/__ndc • Ramana PV, Naomi, T. H., Hessing, T., PV, R., & N. (2014, June 29). Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility (R&R) . Six Sigma Study Guide. https://sixsigmastudyguide.com/repeatability-and-reproducibility-rr/ • Gage R&R | Gage Repeatability & Reproducibility | Quality-One . (2017, August 30). Quality-One | Quality and Reliability Consulting - Training - Facilitation. https://quality-one.com/grr/ 10