Aerospace Engineering Laboratory Quiz 1: Key Concepts & Questions

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 1/14 Name: Score: 20 Multiple choice questions Term What is the formula for R(squared)? 1 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 2/14 Term What is the formula for total error? 2 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 3/14 Term What is "method"? Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. - Clear, organized approach to scientific experimentation - Plan containing a source, goal, and path to get there - Collection of decisions about conducting experiments and obtaining/interpreting results Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? 3 of 20 Term What is the focus of quantification experiments ? A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? 4 of 20

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2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 4/14 Term What is the coefficient of determination R(squared)? Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. It means that the regression line fits perfectly fits the data 5 of 20 Term What are the three kinds of experiments ? Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. 6 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 5/14 Term Empirical research consists of An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. - Mere information gathering or a "rummage" of information - Simply transport facts A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points - Experimentation - Interpretation of results - Presentation of results 7 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 6/14 Term Formula to find best fit values for a and b? 8 of 20

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2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 7/14 Term Define the scientific method steps 1. Observation (uncontrolled experiment) 2. Hypothesis (if falsifiable) 3. Design an experiment (measurements) - Well-defined inputs, some fixed and a few varied 4. Interpret and report Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? A theory is useful if it's consistent with fundamental physical laws and, within its domain of applicability, it makes predictions that are accurate within reasonable, quantifiable bounds An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. 9 of 20 Term What does a coefficient of determination equal to one mean? A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points It means that the regression line fits perfectly fits the data Because a and b appear linearly, one may set the partial derivative of chi squared with respect to a and b and solve the system of equations. Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. 10 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 8/14 Term Why do we perform exploratory experiments ? Because a and b appear linearly, one may set the partial derivative of chi squared with respect to a and b and solve the system of equations. Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? 11 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questio… 9/14 Term How do we calculate the parameter uncertainties? We expect to be wrong by this value sigma 12 of 20

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2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questi… 10/14 Term How do we define the best fit line? One that minimizes the sum of di^2 for the N measured data points. The sum of squared difference points is called (chi squared)What Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. 13 of 20 Term How can one solve for the best-fit values using chi squared? - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses A statistical measure of how well the regression line approximates the real data points Numerical values for performance metrics and ranges of applicability will be our usual focus in quantification experiments. Because a and b appear linearly, one may set the partial derivative of chi squared with respect to a and b and solve the system of equations. 14 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questi… 11/14 Term How can one calculate N differences in regards to a trend line? 15 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questi… 12/14 Term When is a theory useful? 1. Observation (uncontrolled experiment) 2. Hypothesis (if falsifiable) 3. Design an experiment (measurements) - Well-defined inputs, some fixed and a few varied 4. Interpret and report An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? A theory is useful if it's consistent with fundamental physical laws and, within its domain of applicability, it makes predictions that are accurate within reasonable, quantifiable bounds 16 of 20 Term Research does - Originate with a question or problem - Require a clear articulation of a goal - Follow a specific plan or procedure (a method) - Require collection and interpretation of data Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. - Mere information gathering or a "rummage" of information - Simply transport facts 17 of 20

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2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questi… 13/14 Term Research does not consist of - Experimentation - Interpretation of results - Presentation of results It means that the regression line fits perfectly fits the data - Originate with a question or problem - Require a clear articulation of a goal - Follow a specific plan or procedure (a method) - Require collection and interpretation of data - Mere information gathering or a "rummage" of information - Simply transport facts 18 of 20 Term What is an experiment ? - Can be used during initial, observational phase of experimentation - We cannot draw conclusion, but can generate hypotheses An experiment is a controlled observation or measurement of nature or an engineered system that's designed to answer a specific question about a physical phenomenon. - Experimentation - Interpretation of results - Presentation of results Exploratory - What happens if I...? Quantifying - What is the value of quantity X? Validating - Is this theoretical model (or computer prediction) correct? 19 of 20

2/13/24, 6:42 PM Aerospace Engineering Laboratory - Quiz 1 | Quizlet https://quizlet.com/test/aerospace-engineering-laboratory-quiz-1-477858305?answerTermSides=4&promptTermSides=6&questionCount=20&questi… 14/14 Privacy Terms Term What is the formula for weighted deviations? 20 of 20 English (USA)

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