Ariel_Lippencott.4-3Writing_Plan

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Running head: 4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan Submission 4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan Submission Ariel Lippencott Southern New Hampshire University HIS-200 1/28/2023

4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan 2 Final Writing Plan For my historical event analysis, I have chosen to focus on The Cherokee “Trails of Tears”. In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which allowed the federal government to evade the land of many Native tribes in the southeastern. Due to the Indian Removal Act the force of the relocation of tens of thousands of Cherokee and other Natives from the southeastern U.S. to Oklahoma. This event was historically significant because it led to many people dying during the journey. It was estimated that 4,000 out of 15,000 of the Cherokee died. They died of starvation, diseases, and exhaustion. They traveled 1,200 miles to their “new” land. It is also significant because it shows us how horrible history was and to remind us to not make the same mistakes. Also, it was significant because the government pressured the Cherokee to sell their lands and move due to the discovery of gold in the Cherokee Nation in 1829. In examining this event I will try to understand and depict the conditions and choices that led to the cause of this event. More specifically I will try to answer the following research question: What were the reasons for the government and President Andrew Jackson to force the Cherokee off their land? My historical analysis needs to consider the various factors that led to the Indian Removal Act of 1830 for the Cherokee Nation. The secondary source by Kimberly R. David (2012). “Cherokees and Congregationalists vs. Georgia and Andrew Jackson: The Attempt to Prevent the Trail of Tears.”. This article is valuable because it documents the assistance that the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions devoted to the Cherokee Nation from the founding of Brainerd Missionary Station in 1817 to the Supreme Court's Worcester vs. Georgia judgment of 1832, and outlines events that presaged underlying conflicts in American religious and political life that later culminated in the Civil War.

4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan 3 Another secondary source is “ABUSE OF POWER: ANDREW JACKSON AND THE INDIAN REMOVAL ACT OF 1830” by Alfred Cave. This article mentions the abuse of power committed by U.S. President Andrew Jackson with regards to the Indian Removal Act of 1830. A tertiary source is “Trail of Tears” by the National Park Services. This government website gives a brief history on the Cherokee, Indian removal act of 1830, and the trail of tears. There are also links within the website to learn even more about the trail of tears. One valuable primary source is “Letter to President Andrew Jackson (1830)” by George R. Gilmer. It talks about the major causes of the Indian removal which was the discovery of gold in the Cherokee Nation in 1829. Immediately, White settlers began to move into Cherokee territory in search of the metal, so Georgia took the opportunity to assert jurisdiction over the area. Another primary source is a newspaper article written on March 4 th , 1829, by the Cherokee phoenix, and Indians' advocate (New Echota). This newspaper article talks about the deals happening and how they saw the Indians as savages not people. This newspaper article also showed the dark times before they happened. “The Indians from time immemorial were savages, and knew nothing about civilization, until they mingled with the whites all that the Indians know, they have derived from their white brethren” (Cherokee phoenix, and Indians' advocate, 1829). A third primary source is “On Exhibit: The Indian Removal Act” by Jessie Kratz. This article talks about how President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act on May 28 th , 1830. The Treaty of New Echota ratified in 1836, which was opposed by many members of the Cherokee Nation. It then caused Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott to push the Cherokee out.

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4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan 4 Based on my research to date, I will try to support the following thesis: President Andrew Jackson forced the Cherokee off their lands by using the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which then resulted in the trail of tears. Trail of tears was one of the saddest periods of American history. The letter to President Andrew Jackson was one of the main reasons for the Cherokee to be forced off their land, and the abuse of power committed by him in regards to the Indian Removal Act of 1830.Without thinking of other options, U.S. President Andrew Jackson and the government made bad decisions causing the Cherokee to be treated horribly in the 1830s. They made these bad decisions because they found gold on the Cherokee Nation. The white prospectors and settlers began to move into Cherokee territory in search of the precious metal which drove these decisions. I plan to write this historical analysis for my instructor/professor, an audience that is already familiar with the history of Trail of Tears, and historians. This is an audience that does not need a great deal of background about the Trail of Tears, but some could be interested in learning more about the past or to know the reasons behind why the government and President Andrew Jackson forced them off their lands. In writing for this audience, I plan to focus on the detailed information about the Trail of tears, the Cherokee Nation, and President Andrew Jackson. I will have a formal/academic tone with my audience. I would provide critical detailed information at an academic and nonacademic point of view, have my paper be clear and concise, and have examples/evidence to support my argument. I will also keep my paper professional and keep any biasness out. My message to my audience will show and explain the reasons on why the government and President Andrew Jackson forced the Cherokee off their land.

4-3 Project 1: Writing Plan 5 References: Cave, A. A. (2003). Abuse of Power: Andrew Jackson and the Indian Removal Act of 1830. Historian , 65 (6), 1330–1353. https://doi-org.ezproxy.snhu.edu/10.1111/j.0018- 2370.2003.00055.x Gilmer, G. R. (1999). Letter to President Andrew Jackson (1830). In American Journey . The Native American Experience . Primary Source Media. https://link-gale- com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/EJ2156000281/UHIC?u=nhc_main&sid=bookmark- UHIC&xid=b79172a2 Kimberly, D. R. (2012). Cherokees and Congregationalists vs. Georgia and Andrew Jackson: The Attempt to Prevent the Trail of Tears. International Congregational Journal , 11 (1), 91–115. Kratz, J. (2017, March 16). On exhibit: The indian removal act . National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved January 29, 2023, from https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2017/03/16/on-exhibit-the-indian-removal-act/ NPS. (2020, July 10). History & culture . National Parks Service. Retrieved January 14, 2023, from https://www.nps.gov/trte/learn/historyculture/index.htm (1829, March 4) Cherokee phoenix, and Indians' advocate . Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/sn83020874/1829-03-04/ed-1/ .

Ariel_Lippencott.4-3Writing_Plan

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