KK1 Team Summary 4
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Running Head: KK1 Philosophical Foundations Team Summary 4
SPE 563: Team KK1
Melissa Jensen-Means, Courtney Kokemuller, Shannon Mansbridge
SPE 563: Philosophical Foundations of Applied Behavior Analysis in Educational Settings
Arizona State University
https://asu.zoom.us/rec/share/3PFkC4Oq9mpJGJHfz2bQXYIzTpz0eaa8hyUW8_APzUjL-
N7ywFRt0kKfHdhBq1s8
Running Head: KK1 Philosophical Foundations Team Summary 4
Meeting: 2/24/20 @ 7:00 p.m.
Part 1
a)
The purpose of ABA is to apply interventions to socially significant behaviors, that have demonstrated a reliable relationship, in an effort to improve the lives of clients as well as those that have interactions with said clients. This demonstrates a “win-win” situation for all parties involved and thus “saving the world with ABA.” -Melissa
To me the phrase “saving the world with ABA” means to make the world a better place for all those in it. ABA improves the lives of those with Autism and therefore can impact the lives of those around them. For someone with Autism, simple things such as noises and lights can make everyday life a challenge and through ABA they can better learn to cope with these distractions and other stimuli. ABA allows both the individuals within therapy as well as the people around them lead more impactful lives due to the skills they have learned. -Courtney
Saving the world with ABA to me means helping to teach children and adults with autism
learn how to live a more meaningful life. This can be by working to teach appropriate behaviors, teaching one the basic fundamentals of life, and learning how to cope with everyday things. -
Shannon
b)
One barrier to “saving the world with ABA” may be lack of commitment to purchasing and using ABA technology. This can be resolved by transferring the obligation to purchase to the
invested parties. According to Hopkins, “If governments only paid for the provision of services
Running Head: KK1 Philosophical Foundations Team Summary 4
but the purchase decisions were made by the beneficiaries or their families or guardians, there would be a chance that the purchasers would be differentially reinforced as a result of buying better technology” (Hopkins, 344). Another barrier is underestimating the influence of environmental histories. In an effort to maintain consistency across settings, for example school and home, “...it may help to look for ways to establish extra rewards for research that goes beyond what we have typically done” (Hopkins, 344). In other words, historically we have not considered the way we address natural contingencies outside of our influence. It would be suggested that we implement a reward system consistently across various settings. Part 2
Both sets of articles contain topics of group contingencies as one similarity between them. They also both have a variety of the types of articles within them. For instance, 1968 articles focus original papers, technical papers and discussions and 2019 includes research, replication, technical, and discussions. The articles within the 1968 articles are definitely more vague than the set of articles within the 2019 version. We said this was because when ABA first started out there were a few basic and key concepts that we knew of whereas in the later articles the topics have become much more specific and focus on one key aspect or intervention used within ABA. In addition, the 2019 articles included Replication articles wherein 1968 there would not have been an opportunity to replicate as the field was new and developing. Through the comparison of titles from the inaugural issue to the latest issue we noticed the trend of vagueness to very specific interventions being used which included additional
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Running Head: KK1 Philosophical Foundations Team Summary 4
techniques such as chaining and the rooting reflex. Replication was also an apparent trend in that
the 1968 articles lacked replication as the field was too new. Part 3
It was decided that ABA is in fact cross-culturally valid. We said this because ABA is used in various countries across the world and within many different cultures. Also, solely within
our online program, there are students all from different cultural backgrounds. It was decided that ABA is not trans-historically valid. One reason discussed is the change in use of punishment procedure from past to present. For example, shock therapy was a regularly used method of intervention that would not be acceptable today. In order to effectively implement ABA, everyone should be specially trained. By being trained you are collecting relevant data, applying effective interventions, and keeping the practice of ABA client-focused. When practicing ABA it is vital to be aware of the behavioral principles, reinforcement and punishment. The rate of reinforcement and punishment can significantly impact future frequency of behavior. References
Running Head: KK1 Philosophical Foundations Team Summary 4
Baum, W. (2017). Understanding Behaviorism: behavior, culture, and evolution (3rd ed.).
Cooper, J.O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2014). Applied Behavior Analysis
(2
nd
ed.).
London: Pearson Education, Inc.
Skinner, B. F. (1974). About behaviorism
. New York: Knopf. Hopkins, B. L. (1987). Comments on the future of applied behavior analysis (Links to an external site.). Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 20, 339-346.