Asthma

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University of Utah *

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1020

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Health Science

Date

Oct 30, 2023

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pdf

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Uploaded by SuperHumanField12309

ASTHMA Kate Leary University o. Utah April 2023

OBJECTIVES List three .actors that in7uence and contribute to the development o. asthma in children Know how asthma is diagnosed and treated in the pediatric population Understand nutrition interventions used .or asthma and where to go .or .urther resources 1 2 3

What is Asthma? ● Asthma is a chronic condition that afects the airways in the lungs ● Airways can become in7amed and narrow ● Harder .or air to 7ow in and out o. your airways as you breathe INTRODUCTION U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24)

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● Whistling or wheezing sound when breathing out ● Shortness o. breath ● Chest congestion or tightness ● Frequent coughing that worsens when your child: ○ Has a viral in.ection ○ Is sleeping ○ Is exercising ○ Is in the cold air SYMPTOMS Mayo Clinic Staff. (2023, April 5)

ETIOLOGY AND RISK FACTORS The exact cause is unknown and may difer person to person Certain things can set of or worsen symptoms ● Family History ● Allergens ● Viral In.ections that afect breathing ● Obesity ● Race or Ethnicity ● Sex ● Exercise U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24)

DIAGNOSIS There are several diagnostic tests that can be per.ormed to diagnose asthma such as: ● Spirometry ● Spirometry with bronchodilator tests ● Bronchoprovocation tests ● Peak expiratory 7ow (PEF) tests ● Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) tests (done in adults and children aged 5 and older) U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24)

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DIAGNOSIS FOR CHILDREN UNDER 6 It can be hard to diagnose a child under the age o. 6 because they o.tentimes cannot per.orm the spirometry test. Instead a doctor will ask about medical history and symptoms U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24)

There is currently no cure .or asthma in children Working with a doctor .or a treatment and action plan is necessary to learn to control and prevent symptoms. This may include: ● Avoiding known triggers to attacks ● Taking daily medications ● Carrying a rescue inhaler incase o. an attack ● Oral corticosteroids MEDICAL TREATMENT U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24)

Monitor growth and BMI in overweight asthma patients and those at risk .or overweight Assess any .ood allergens that may contribute to symptoms Monitor .ood-medication interactions i. child is using medications NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Assess bone density i. using corticosteroid chronically McCloud, E., & Papoutsakis, C. (2011, June 22); Konek, S., & Becker, P. (2020)

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● Modi.y .atty acid intake ○ Decrease intakes o. Omega-6 ○ Increase intakes o. Omega-3 ● Include daily sources o. vitamin C ● Variety o. .oods should be included in diet ○ Should warn against eliminating whole .ood groups .rom diet NUTRITION MANAGEMENT Konek, S., & Becker, P. (2020); WebMD Editorial Contributors (Ed.). (2022)

● Asthma patients who take oral corticosteroids on a regular basis must also closely monitor ○ Calcium intake ○ Vitamin D intake ● Patients can bene[t .rom taking supplements o. those nutrients ● Moderate exercise encouraged to help maintain bone density and assist with weight control NUTRITION MANAGEMENT CONT. Konek, S., & Becker, P. (2020); Association, A. L. (2018, July 10)

Asthma can be managed well with diet and medication Encourage a diet high in .ruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and minimizing .ats and oils Teach your child their triggers .or asthma attacks and work to mitigate those risks Work with your doctor to create an action plan in case o. emergency and communicate it to school staf and other caregivers PATIENT NUTRITION EDUCATION Asthma: Nutrition guide for clinicians . Asthma | Nutrition Guide for Clinicians. (2023, January 24)

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Association, A. L. (2018, July 10). Asthma and nutrition: How food affects your lungs . American Lung Association. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.lung.org/blog/asthma-and-nutrition#:~:text=Research%20also%20shows%20adults%20with,salmon%2C%20orange%20juice%2 0and%20eggs. Asthma: Nutrition guide for clinicians . Asthma | Nutrition Guide for Clinicians. (2023, January 24). Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://nutritionguide.pcrm.org/nutritionguide/view/Nutrition Guide for Clinicians/1342001/all/Asthma Mayo Clinic Staff. (2023, April 5). Childhood asthma . Mayo Clinic. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/childhood-asthma/symptoms-causes/syc-20351507 McCloud, E., & Papoutsakis, C. (2011, June 22). A medical nutrition therapy primer for childhood asthma: Current and emerging perspectives . Journal of the American Dietetic Association. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002822311004184?via%3Dihub Konek, S., & Becker, P. (2020). Samour & King's Pediatric Nutrition in Clinical Care. Jones & Bartlett Learning. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2022, March 24). Asthma in children . National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/asthma/children WebMD Editorial Contributors (Ed.). (2022). Asthma and diet tips: Nutrition, Good Foods, and more . WebMD. Retrieved April 12, 2023, from https://www.webmd.com/asthma/guide/asthma-diet-what-you-should-know#:~:text=Avoid%20trans%20fats%20and%20omega,conditions%2 0such%20as%20heart%20disease. REFERENCES