Quantitative Research Critiques adamson
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University of Utah *
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Health Science
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Feb 20, 2024
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Kinesiology 3350-001
Article Critiques: 12-Step Format for QUANTITATIVE Research
1.
Provide the full APA reference for the research article. B.C. Adamson et al. / Preventive Medicine 91 (2016) 2.
What kind of study is this (study design)?
-
Cross sectional study 3.
What was the purpose of the study? What questions does it raise?
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Physical inactivity, not engaging in adequate moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,
has been identified as a risk factor for depression.
4.
How does answering the research question(s) add something new to what is already known? If the study is a replication, why is that important?
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Depression and depressive symptoms are recognized by the world health organization as a leading cause of disease burden affecting over 350 million people globally
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Consistent evidence from epidemiological studies that depression rates are lowest among the most physically active segments of the population 5.
Sample: Who or what was studied? (Number and key characteristics)
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Adults aged 18 and above who were included in the NHANES 2005-2006 wave
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All data were collected in the years 2005-2006 by NHANES personal. -
Participants are selected through a multistage probability sampling design -
They selected adults over the age of 18 who provided pression data and wore a physical activity monitor for at least 4 days
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Their final sample included 3045 adults
6.
Measures: What are the variables being measured and how are they measured?
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The variables being measured are depressive symptoms, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. -
The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to study depressive symptoms
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The questionnaire consists of 9 questions related to depressive symptoms. Each question is scored from “0” for not at all, to “3” for nearly every day -
PA and SB were measured by an ActiGraph accelerometer
7.
Procedure: In sequential order, what were the major steps in performing the study? (From obtaining sample through analyzing data)
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Initial screening for participants
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Patients answered the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to measure their depressive symptoms
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Physical activity and sedentary behavior was measured using an ActiGraph accelerometer -
Data was prepared to be analyzed -
Participants were grouped before analysis
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Statistical analyses were conducted 8.
Analysis: How is the data being analyzed (what type of statistical tests are being done)?
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Accelerometer data were prepared for analysis according to the guidelines provided
by NHANES
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The statistical analyses were done using SPSS statistical software version 2.0
9.
Results: What were the main findings? (After analysis, what is the answer to the research question(s)) -
They found that increased sedentary time was associated with increased risk of depression only among adults who did not meet PAGs
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Among adults who met PAGs, increased sedentary time was not associated with increased depression -
Meeting PAGs may reduce the risk of depression associated with increased sedentary behavior
10. Discussion and Conclusions: Do the findings support or refute the hypotheses? What does the author conclude?
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Among adults who did not meet PAGs, increased sedentary time was associated with increased depression. -
This indicates that sedentary behavior is not associated with depression independently of PA
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So it partially supports the hypotheses in that it was associated with it but not independently. 11. Limitations: What cautions does the author raise about interpreting the study, and what do you think are important reservations?
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They talked about a major limitation is that it is cross-sectional in nature. Given that the directionality between PA and depression is unknown, the PA and SB of the
individuals with higher levels of depression could be results from the depression, not
vice-a-versa 12. What particularly interesting or valuable things did you learn from reading the report?
-
Despite these benefits several population-based, cross-sectional studies suggest that only between 5 and 10% of American adults meet PAGs as measured by accelerometry whereas self-report measures tend to inflate this estimate to close to 60%
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