4-2 Worksheet

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200

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Geography

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Dec 6, 2023

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GEO 200 Worksheet Template Guidelines and Rubric Overview: Each worksheet activity in this course allows you to engage deeply with a specific geographic region by analyzing its fundamental themes of geography. Engaging in these activities allows you to practice some key skills needed to explore the region you chose for your final project. Complete each question fully—not only to receive full points but also to gain valuable feedback from your instructor to hone your skills moving forward. Prompt: Complete the following steps: I. Select a region from the list provided in the assigned module in Brightspace, and address the questions related to the geographic themes below by replacing the bracketed text with the relevant information. II. Address each question in the worksheet in detail. a) Refer to your module resources and the Themes of Geography resource for more information about your region and each theme to complete this worksheet. b) In each response, describe in detail your selected region using a minimum of four complete sentences in your own words. (Paraphrase the information; do not quote or copy and paste from the text.) c) Be sure to cite your sources in APA format, including the Themes of Geography resource, in the references section. III. Once you have completed this worksheet, save your worksheet file and upload it to Brightspace to submit this assignment. Question Response Chosen Region Egypt and the lower Nile Basin 1. Location and Connectivity: What are the absolute and relative locations of your selected region? How does this region connect to others? The region of Egypt and the Lower Nile Basin is located south of 32’ north and continues south to just below the 10’ north latitude with the west border beginning just west of 26’ east and continues east to just past 36’ east longitude. Egypt’s north border is coastline along the Mediterranean Sea, while the eastern side borders Israel in the northeast and the Red Sea to the east with Libya defining the western border. Sudan is bordered to the north by Egypt, the east by the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia, the southern border stops along the boundary of South Sudan while the western side is mainly bordered by Chad and small portion of Libya in the northwest. Due to the Sinai Peninsula, this region is included in two countries, Africa and Asia. References Maps of World. (2016, December 28.) Sudan Latitude and Longitude Map. Mapsofworld.com Retrieved from https://www.mapsofworld.com/lat_long/sudan-lat-long.html Maps of World. (2016, December 28.) Egypt Latitude and Longitude Map. Mapsofworld.com Retrieved from https://www.mapsofworld.com/lat_long/egypt-lat-long.html Nijman, J., Muller, P. O., & Shin, M. (2020). The World Today: Concepts and Regions in Geography (8th ed.). Wiley Global Education US. https://wileyplus.vitalsource.com/books/9781119577614

Question Response 2. Physical Characteristics: How would you describe the climate, physiography, landscape, and natural hazards of your selected region? Address at least three of the physical characteristics listed above for this worksheet. Note: This is part of the Place theme of geography. The landscape of Egypt and the lower Nile Basin is divided into four smaller regions: the Sinai Peninsula, Western Desert, Eastern Desert, and the Nile Valley. The Nile Valley and Delta has been created over centuries due to sediment flow stemming from the Nile River. This area is home to the largest oasis on Earth (World Facts Index, n.a.). Without the flow of water from the Nile, all of Egypt would be desert and inhospitable. This area provides the majority of farmlands due to the annual floods and rich sediment deposits. The Western desert takes up most of the landscape, covering roughly 700,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to two-thirds of all available land. Most of the Western Desert is flat plains with some low plateaus, except for the Jilf al Kabir Plateau, which extends to about 1000 meters above sea level. The Western Desert contains seven depressions that hold ample amounts of water but are known to sustain small settlements and farming communities. The Eastern Desert holds a much different landscape than its counterpart to the east, whereas this region consists of mountainous areas that extend approximately 220,000 square kilometers. The most prominent mountain region in this area is the Red Sea Hills, which can reach elevations up to 1,900 meters above sea level. This area contains almost no habitation, except for a few villages along the coast. The Sinai Peninsula is also home to a portion of the Red Sea Hills, with its highest elevation at roughly 2,642 meters above sea level which is in the southern portion of the Sinai. The northern portion of the Sinai Peninsula is much flatter and lower in elevation giving way to flat, sandy coastal plains. The climate of this area consists mainly of two seasons, mild winters and hot summers. The two seasons also do not experience much change from one to the other with the exception of slightly cooler days and periodic changes in wind. As you travel south towards and into Sudan the temperature gradually increases and matches closely with the surrounding desert temperatures. This region experiences very insignificant rainfall with most occurring along the coastline while the Sinai Peninsula averages higher than the rest of the region. Due to the dryness of the area, there are few natural disasters that occur but unfortunately the region is not completely clear of hazards. Due to the hot spring winds that come through this region and the lack of natural obstructions the winds tend to become very high velocity and carry large amounts of sand and dust. These sandstorms can cause temperatures to rise quickly, illness in people and animals, harm crops, and damage houses and infrastructure. Also due to the normal low precipitation rate, whenever a heavy localized downpour may occur flash floods are a severe risk. References World Facts Index. (n.a.). Geography of Egypt. World Facts Index. Retrieved from https://worldfacts.us/Egypt- geography.htm

Question Response 3. Human Characteristics: What are the language families/groups, religions, races, and cultures of your selected region? What are the region’s population density and economic development? Address at least three of the human characteristics listed above for this worksheet. Note: This also is part of the Place theme of geography. Egypt’s official language is Arabic, which is spoken in several dialects, but the most widely spoken language throughout this region. Depending upon an Egyptian’s education level, English and French are also spoken languages. Each sub-region consists of culture’s that also speak more traditional languages such as, the Bedouin of the Eastern Desert and Sinai Peninsula versus the Bedouin of the Western Desert (Holt et al. 2023). Upper Egypt also has a different dialect than what is spoken in the city of Cairo. Some minor languages consist of groups such as, the Bejas in the southern portion of the Eastern Desert who speak an Afro-Asiatic language and Nubians who speak Eastern Sudanic languages. The official religion of Egypt is Islam, with a majority of Egyptian Muslims adhering to the Sunni branch. This region was the birthplace of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1928, which is a religio-political organization that helps to spread the conservative values of the Muslim religion. There are other forms of religion as well such as, the Christian denomination of Copts. This religion is primarily focused in the area of the middle Nile valley with one-fourth of total practitioners living in Cairo. Some other religions include Coptic Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Armenian Orthodox, and Catholic, Maronite, and Syrian Catholics. Due to much of the landscape being arid, desert climates most people live in urban areas such as Cairo, which is located along the Nile River. Due to portions of the Nile River being dammed for reservoirs it has created more area along the river for habitation and a new source of income for some poverty-stricken towns. Egypt receives a large portion of funds from the shipping channel it controls known as the Suez Canal, which is a heavily trafficked portage for consumer goods headed to Europe and other Mediterranean countries. Egypt is also a supplier of oil, most of which comes from the Gulf of Suez and small sections of the Western Desert. The Western Desert has also been found to contain deposits of natural gas along with deposits in the delta and offshore in the Mediterranean Sea. Egypt also receives funds from the generation of hydroelectric energy from dams such as the Aswan High Dam, which was the main producer for the region until the completion of the Aswan II hydroelectric power station. References Holt, P. M. , Hopwood, . Derek , Goldschmidt, . Arthur Eduard , Smith, . Charles Gordon , Little, . Donald P. and Baker, . Raymond William (2023, May 25). Egypt . Encyclopedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt

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Question Response 4. Human/Environment Interactions: How do the physical and human characteristics interact to produce notable observations of the landscape in your selected region? Address at least three of this worksheet's human/environmental characteristics listed above. The landscape in Egypt has been altered dramatically due to the damming of the Nile River. The Nile River relied heavily on being inundated once a year with annual floods that would bring sediment rich soil back into the valley but in recent years the government has built dams for hydroelectric power, and it has given the country control of the annual floods but has also slowed the flow of sediment. Along with these newly formed reservoirs taking over what was once desert land, it gave the power to irrigate the Nile Valley further away from the river which increased the amount of land used for agricultural purposes and creating a green environment on what was once desert. The sprawling of cities such as Cairo, are taking over the landscape with vast populations and this is causing construction to push into desert areas and transform them into greener, lush properties putting a larger strain on the water supply. References Holt, P. M. , Hopwood, . Derek , Goldschmidt, . Arthur Eduard , Smith, . Charles Gordon , Little, . Donald P. and Baker, . Raymond William (2023, May 25). Egypt . Encyclopedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt 5. Movement: With how much ease and ability do ideas, goods, and people flow in and out of your selected region? What drives this movement? For the region of Egypt being mainly desert, the infrastructure allows for movement over the forms of road and rail throughout most of the country. Much of the country has a vast road system that will take you from large city to large city but with rougher traveling through portions of desert and remote areas. The region has a vast train network that travels between port cities and inner cities, with other rail connections coming from other countries. This allows the transportation of people and goods over vast amounts of distance. With Egypt also having an extensive coastline it is home to nine ports, which allows for a vast amount of importation and exportation along with tourism. Egypt also contains the Suez Canal which is a vital waterway linking the Mediterranean and Red Seas. References Holt, P. M. , Hopwood, . Derek , Goldschmidt, . Arthur Eduard , Smith, . Charles Gordon , Little, . Donald P. and Baker, . Raymond William (2023, May 25). Egypt . Encyclopedia Britannica . https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt Rubric Guidelines for Submission: Submit the completed Module One Worksheet. Citations should be formatted according to APA style. Critical Elements Attempted With Minimal or No Functional Issues (100%) Attempted With Key Functional Issues (75%) Not Evident In Submission (0%) Value Location and Connectivity Identifies absolute and relative locations of the region selected and describes how this region connects to others with minimal or no gaps in details or logic Identifies absolute and relative locations of the region selected but does not describe how this region connects to others, or there are key gaps in details or logic Does not identify absolute and relative locations of the region selected and does not describe how this region connects to others 19

Critical Elements Attempted With Minimal or No Functional Issues (100%) Attempted With Key Functional Issues (75%) Not Evident In Submission (0%) Value Physical Characteristics Identifies and describes at least three aspects of the climate, physiography, landscape, or natural hazards that comprise the physical characteristics of the region selected with minimal or no gaps in details or logic Identifies and describes most aspects that include the physical characteristics of the region selected, but the description contains key gaps in details or logic Does not identify and describe aspects that comprise the physical characteristics of the region selected 19 Human Characteristics Identifies and describes at least three aspects of human characteristics of the region selected with minimal or no gaps in details or logic Identifies and describes at least two aspects of human characteristics of the region selected, but the description contains key gaps in details or logic Does not identify human characteristics of the region selected 19 Human/Environment Interactions Describes at least three aspects of physical and human characteristics that interact to produce notable observations of the landscape in the region selected with minimal or no gaps in details or logic Describes at least two aspects of physical and human characteristics that interact to produce notable observations of the landscape in the region selected, but the description contains key gaps in details or logic Does not describe how physical and human characteristics interact to produce notable observations of the landscape in the region selected 19 Movement Describes the flow of ideas, goods, and people in and out of the region selected and explains what drives movement with minimal or no gaps in details or logic Describes the flow of ideas, goods, and people in and out of the region selected but does not explain what drives movement, or description contains key gaps in detail or logic Does not describe the flow of ideas, goods, and people in and out of the region selected and does not explain what drives the movement 19 Articulation of Response The submission has no major errors related to grammar, spelling, or syntax The submission has major errors related to grammar, spelling, or syntax that negatively impact the readability and articulation of the main ideas The submission has critical errors related to grammar, spelling, or syntax that prevent understanding of ideas 5 Tota l 100%

4-2 Worksheet

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