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Course
141
Subject
Geography
Date
Dec 6, 2023
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Pages
4
Uploaded by MinisterExploration19551
1
Unit 4: Lab
–
Streams
GO141DLF2A2023
Melissa Gallardo
Professor Hassinan
November 8, 2023
2
Chapter 13 (Running Water)
Question 4. The meandering White River in Arkansas is a tributary of the Mississippi
River. In this aerial view, the color of the river is brown,
what part of the stream’s load
gives it this color? If a channel were created across the narrow neck of land shown by the
arrow,
how would the river’s gradient change? How would the flow velocity be affected by
the formation of such a channel?
The color of the river is a result of suspended sediment. The
river would have a steeper gradient if a channel were created across the narrow neck as it would
have a shorter path to the sea. The velocity of the river would slow down due to the straight
channel.
Question 8. Building a dam is one method of regulating the flow of a river to control
flooding. Dams and their reservoirs may also provide recreational opportunities and water
for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation.
A.
When a dam is built, how will the behavior of the stream likely change upstream
from the reservoir?
The width of the stream increases due to accumulation on the lower side
B.
Given enough time, how might the reservoir change?
It can decrease the volume of the reservoir.
C.
What are some possible environmental impacts of building a dam on a larger river?
Large dams can cause damage to river ecosystems.
Chapter 14 (Ground Water)
3
Question 3. The drainage basin of the Republican River occupies portions of Colorado,
Nebraska, and Kansas. A significant part of the basin is considered semiarid. In 1943, the
three states made a legal agreement regarding sharing the river's water. in 1998, Kansas
went to court to force farmers in southern Nebraska to substantially reduce the amount of
groundwater used for irrigation. Nebraska officials claimed that the farmers were not
taking water from the Republican River and thus were not violating the 1943 agreement.
The court ruled in favor of Kansas.
a.
Explain why the court ruled that groundwater in southern Nebraska should be
considered part of the Republican River system.
The decision of the court is based on both morphology and hydrology.
b.
How might heavy irrigation in a drainage basin influence the flow of a river?
Heavy irrigation in a drainage basin can result in drought.
Question 5. Imagine that you are an environmental scientist who has been hired to solve a
groundwater contamination problem. Several homeowners have noticed that their well
water has a funny smell and taste. Some think the contamination is coming from a landfill,
but others think it might be a nearby cattle feedlot or chemical plant. Your first step is to
gather data from wells in the area and prepare the map of the water table shown here.
a.
Based on your map, can any of the three potential sources of contamination be
eliminated? If so, explain.
From the potential sources, landfills can be eliminated. This is because it is lower than the house
meaning that
if the contaminated water came from the landfill, it would not reach the house’s
water supply.
b.
What other steps would you take to determine the source of the contamination?
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I would determine the flow of each of the possibly contaminated sources to see which one comes
in contact with the house.
Question 7. Sinkholes commonly form in one of two ways. Examine the accompanying
photo, which shows a sinkhole in Winter Park, Florida, and describe how it likely formed.
The groundwater level of over 80 feet below the land surface is consistent with that of the
confined Floridan aquifer. Over time, limestone immediately below the soil is dissolved by
rainwater that contains carbon dioxide.