Ohm's Law Lab 4

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School

Indiana University, Purdue University, Indianapolis *

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21900

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Electrical Engineering

Date

Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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5

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Ohm’s Law Experiment Title : Ohm’s Law Objectives: 1) Use Ohm’s law to determine the voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. 2) Understand the relationship between voltage and current graphically. 3) Given two quantities, use Ohm’s law to calculate the third unknown quantity. Apparatus: Ohm’s Law simulation by PHET: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/ohms-law/latest/ohms-law_en.html Theory: The law states that the current flowing in a circuit is directly proportional to the voltage applied to it, provided all physical conditions and temperature, remain constant. V= IR I= V/R R= V/I When voltage is plotted against current, the graph is a straight line with slope = resistance. 1 Georg Simon Ohm (1789 – 1854) German physicist who discovered Ohm’s law, which was named after him. The   ohm (Ω) , the physical unit measuring   electrical resistance , also was named for him.
Ohm’s Law Procedure: 1. Open link to simulation. 2. Set the resistance constant to 500 Ω. Change the value of the voltage according to table 1 and record the corresponding value of the current. 3. Attach the graph of voltage versus current and calculate the slope. 4. Calculate the percentage error in slope (resistance), taking the real value= 500 Ω. Data Analysis: Voltage/ V Current/ A 2 .004 4 .008 5 .010 6 .012 8 .016 9 .018 mA to A conversion: 1mA = 0.001 A Slope= ______ 500 ______ δ%= ______ 0 ______ 2
Ohm’s Law Questions: 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 2 4 6 8 10 Voltage (V) vs Current (mA) Current (mA) Voltage (V) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 0.01 0.02 Voltage (V) vs Current (A) Voltage (V) Current (A)
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Ohm’s Law 1. As the voltage across a resistor is increased, what happens to the resistance of the resistor? Since voltage and resistance are directly proportional this means they will either increase or decrease together. Resistance will increase if the current is kept constant 2. Describe the relation between each of the following quantities (directly proportional or inversely proportional): a) Voltage and current: directly proportional b) Resistance and current: inversely proportional c) Voltage and resistance: directly proportional 3. Calculate the current in this circuit: ____ 0.5 _____A 4. Calculate the voltage in this circuit: ____ 5.4 _____V 5. Calculate the resistance of this resistor: ____ 20 _____ Ω Conclusion: _The connection between voltage and current in an ideal conductor is the subject of Ohm's Law. According to this connection, the current flowing through an ideal conductor determines 4
Ohm’s Law the potential difference, or voltage, across it. "Resistance" is the term used to refer to the proportional constant, R. The remaining two variables (I and R) may be found by rearranging this equation, which can be written as V=IR. 5