Resistance in a Wire Lab 5
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Indiana University, Purdue University, Indianapolis *
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Electrical Engineering
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Apr 3, 2024
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Name: Brady Spence
Resistance in a Wire
Lab This lab uses the Resistance in a Wire
and Circuit Construction Kit DC
simulation from PhET Interactive Simulations at University of Colorado Boulder, under the CC-BY 4.0 license.
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/resistance-in-a-wire/latest/resistance-in-a-wire_en.html
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/circuit-construction-kit-dc/latest/circuit-construction-kit-dc_en.html
Learning Goals:
1.
Explore the characteristics of a resistor that are variable in this model.
2.
Identify how each characteristic affects the resistance and current flow.
3.
Explain your ideas about why the characteristics change the resistance and current flow.
4.
Use understanding to make predictions about a circuit with lights and batteries.
Develop your understanding: 1.
Open Resistance in a Wire
, then explore to develop your own ideas about how the construction of a resistor affects its resistance and
also ability to allow current to flow. Describe several of your experiments and your observation with captured images from the simulation.
We will decrease and increase the area (A) to see how that affects resistance ® and current. As cross-
sectional area decreases, the resistance increases. Vice versa, if cross sectional area increases, resistance
decreases.
4/2/20 Loeblein https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/update-success/5435
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As we change the length of the resistor, we will notice that there is a directly proportional relationship between length and resistance. Thus, as we decrease the length and keep resistivity and area constant the resistance will decrease. Vice versa, if we make the length greater, we will see an increase in resistance.
Next, we will change the resistivity of the resistor. In this experiment we notice that there is a directly proportional relationship between the resistivity and the resistance. As we increase the resistivity, we also have an increase in resistance; if we decrease the resistivity, we have a decrease in resistance. Demonstrate your understanding:
Directions: As you answer
the questions,
explain
in your own words why your answer makes sense and provide evidence
from your #1 experiments. Add more experiments to #1 if you need to get better evidence. 2. If you change the cross sectional area of the resistor, how does a.
the resistance change? (answer, explain, evidence)
The cross-sectional area and the resistance have an inverse relationship. The resistor's area will increase as the resistance decreases. When resistance increases, the resistor's area decreases.
R = ρL/A, where R is the resistance, ρ is the material resistivity, L is the resistor's length, and A is the cross-sectional area, describes this.
4/2/20 Loeblein https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/update-success/5435
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b.
the current through a circuit change? (answer, explain, evidence)
Ohm's law, stipulates that the amount of current is directly proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance, also indicates that if the resistance of a circuit changes as a result of a change in the resistor's cross-sectional area, the current flowing through the circuit also changes. Thus, if the voltage is constant, the current will increase as the resistance decreases. We see this in the picture above with the smaller R, since the area increased that reduced the resistance which means the current will increase.
3. If you change the length of the resistor, how does
a.
the resistance change. (answer, explain, evidence)
The resistance varies in direct proportion to the length of the resistor when its length is altered. R = ρL/A, where R is the resistance, ρ is the material resistivity, L is the resistor's length, and A
is its cross-sectional area, also describes this. The resistance of the resistor increases while the length also increases.
b.
the current through a circuit change? (answer, explain, evidence)
Because current flows through a circuit in direct proportion to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance, Ohm's law declares that when the resistance of the circuit varies as a result of a change in the resistor's length, so too does the current flowing through the circuit. Thus, if the voltage is constant, the current will decrease as the resistance increases.
4. If you change the resistivity of the resistor, is the effect like changing the length or changing the area? (answer, explain, evidence)
A resistor's resistivity can be changed with effects that are comparable to altering the resistor's length since both are a direct relationship to resistance. The resistivity has a direct proportionate change in the resistor's resistance. R = ρL/A, where R is the resistance, ρ is the material resistivity, L is the resistor's length, and A is the cross-sectional area, describes this. The resistance increases in proportion to the resistivity.
5. During manufacturing, how is the resistivity of a resistor changed? Cite your references
Throughout the process of manufacturing, a resistor's resistivity may be modified by changing its chemical makeup and structure. Depending on the kind of resistor being made, the exact technique used
4/2/20 Loeblein https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/update-success/5435
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to alter the resistivity may differ, but it usually entails adding impurities or using particular heating procedures to affect the material.
Electrical4U. (2020, October 26). Factors effecting the resistivity of electrical materials
. https://www.electrical4u.com/factors-effecting-the-resistivity-of-electrical-materials/
Resistors
. ElectronicsHub. (n.d.-b). https://www.electronicshub.org/?s=resistors
6. Consider the two circuits below in which the left resistor is and the right one is Use your understanding of voltage, resistance, and current to answer these questions:
a.
What do you think will happen when the switches are turned closed? (answer, explain, evidence)
I think when the switches are turned closed the current will start flowing equally, but the resistor that is set to 30 will have a less bright lightbulb compared to the resistor that is only set to 10 because it’ll be resisting more and therefor will have less of an output compared to the 10-
ohm resistor.
b.
How do you think the lights’ brightness will compare?
The lightbulb for 30-ohm resistor will have less brightness and the resistor set to 10 ohms will have a greater brightness.
c.
Open the Intro screen of Circuit Construction Kit DC. Build the 2 circuits and check your answers. Insert a capture of the circuits with the switch closed for supporting evidence.
4/2/20 Loeblein https://phet.colorado.edu/en/contributions/update-success/5435
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