CHM 101L M5 Equilibrium and LeChatlier Lab Report (1)

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Southern New Hampshire University *

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Chemistry

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Jan 9, 2024

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Equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s Principle Student Name David Arlotta Date 11/26/2023
Data Activities 1, 2, and 3 Data Table 1 Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Quantity of Reagents Reagent Test Tube #1, Control Test Tube #2 Test Tube #3 Test Tube #4 Test Tube #5 Copper (II) Chlorid e 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL 2.0 mL Sodium Chlorid e 0.0 mL 1.0 mL 2.0 mL 4.0 mL 4.0 mL Color of Solution Light blue light blue Cloudy Light blue Light blue Light blue Silver Nitrate N/A N/A 1.0 mL N/A N/A Color of Solution N/A N/A N/A N/A Water N/A N/A N/A 3.0 mL N/A Color of Solution N/A N/A N/A N/A © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Activity 4 Data Table 2 Stress Water Bath Temperatur e (°C) Solution Temperatu re (°C) Solution Color Direction of Shift (reactants or products) ( or ) Test tube #4 (Control Solution) N/A 24 °C Greenish blue At equilibrium Hot Water Bath 57 °C 55 °C Dark Green < Right Cold Water Bath 6 °C 17 °C Dark blue/green Left > 1. What is the “common ion” that you added to test tubes #2–5? salt 2. How does the common ion affect the equilibrium reaction as the amount of NaCl solution increases from 1–4 mL? Decreases in solubility 3. Based upon the color, in which direction does the equilibrium shift? Right when the reactant was added 4. Write an equation showing what happens when AgNO 3 is added, and explain why the equilibrium shifts. Equilibrium shifts to compensate for addition 5. Explain the equilibrium shift that occurs when water is added to the original equilibrium reaction. Cu(H 2 O) 6 2+ (aq) + 4Cl (aq)  CuCl 4 2– (aq) + 6H 2 O(l) Blue Green Blue will shift to the left green will shift to the right © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
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6. Write “heat” on either the left or right side of this equation, based upon observations from the addition and removal of heat in steps 3 and 4, respectively, and the corresponding shifts in equilibrium. _____ + Cu(H 2 O) 6 2+ (aq) + 4Cl (aq)  CuCl 4 2– (aq) + 6H 2 O(l) + _____ Blue: heat Green: addition 7. Given the equilibrium equation for a general reaction, A + B  C + D, explain what happens to the reactants and products from time 0 until the time at which the reaction reaches equilibrium. There are no products the concentration becomes constant 8. Given this reaction at equilibrium, C(s) + CO 2 (g)  2CO(g) (∆H° = 119kJ), explain the changes that would occur when the following stresses are applied or removed for this reaction. (a) CO is removed. Shift right (b)Heat is added. (c) Shifts right (d)CO 2 is added. Shift Right (e) Heat is removed. Shift Left Photos Place the tubes on a white paper with adequate light. Use of white paper as a background will assist with view and color comparisons. Color changes may be subtle. Photo 1 Insert the photo of test tubes #1-5 from Activity 1. Be sure you can compare the colors of the solutions in test tubes #2–5 to that in test tube #1. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Photo 2 Insert the photo of test tubes #1 and #3 from Activity 2. The following should be visible in this photo: Label of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes Photo 3 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 3. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes Photo 4 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 4, step 8. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes Photo 5 Insert the photo of test tubes #4 and #5 from Activity 4, step 13. The following should be visible in this photo: Labels of the tubes Colors of the liquids in the tubes © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company