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Chemistry

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Jan 9, 2024

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AP Chemistry | 5.1 Lab Report: The Effects of Temperature and Particle Size Directions: Complete the lab and fill out your lab report below. Develop Your Own Procedure Steps (10 points) *A numbered list has been started for you. Feel free to add more lines as needed. 1. Fill up a container with water and ice and let the water cool. 2. In a 150ml beaker, pour the solution to around the 100 ml line. 3. Put a thermometer in the water and wait until the water is 2 C. After this, put 1 alka seltzer tablet into the water and start the stopwatch. 4. Once the reaction is done and the tablet is fully dissolved, stop the stopwatch. 5. Record your observations and data such as the temperature before putting the tablet in and the time it took for it to dissolve. 6. Repeat steps 2-5 while breaking the tablet up and decreasing the size of the particles. Develop Your Own Procedure Images (10 points) Please be sure to include images of you performing this lab. Picture 1 Picture 2 © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
Picture 3 Picture 4 © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
Post-Lab Questions Procedure Data: (10 points) *Include the information from the procedure below. Ln(.0094) = Table 11.1 Trial Temperature 1/Kelvin (K -1 ) Time(s) Natural Log k In(k)=In (1/time) Activation Energy (J/mol) ( o C) (K) © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
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1 4.5 277.65 .0036 105.49 -4.71 -27400 2 10 283.15 .0035 64.1 -3.51 3 20 293.15 .0034 42.98 -3.61 4 27.9 301.1 .0033 40.08 -3.91 Crushed table data: 20 0 C, 14.15 s 8.3 x 3300 = 27400 Graph: © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
© Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
Calculations ln(.009) = -4.71 ln(.03) = -3.51 ln(.027) = -3.61 ln(.02) = -3.91 *Please write in complete sentences. Develop Your Own Procedure Data (10 Points) Create the data table, graph, and calculations from the guided inquiry portion of the investigation. Table 11.2 Graph: Trial Size Temperature (C) Time (Seconds) 1 Whole 2 123.6 2 Large 2.5 110.8 3 Small 2 78.1 Calculations: N/A Discussion and Conclusion: (10 points) Write your discussion and conclusion in paragraph form. The experiment consisted of breaking tablets into different sizes to then see how long it would take for the tablet to fully dissolve, with the categories being small, large chunks and also the whole tablet. The relation between reaction rate and temperature is that the relationship is directly proportional. However, the relationship between reaction rate and particle size is inversely proportional. © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1
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I got -27,400 as the activation energy, and when I graphed this data, the correlation was nearly -1, which means that the data suggests that the relation is linear and as a result, the activation energy should be pretty accurate. I was surprised by the activation energy being negative. I thought that the activation energy would always be positive in a reaction because it is the energy required for a reaction and I assumed that it is always positive. You can decrease the volume or increase concentration of the reactant to increase the reaction rate. You can't find reaction order because you aren’t given the concentration of the reactants or products which is needed to find reaction order. It isn’t advisable because the water wouldn’t be able to react with the tablets because the gas in the water is escaping, which makes the surface not able to react with the tablet. You wouldn’t; be able to run the particle size reaction at a higher temperature because of the fact that the water is too high so the surface of the tablet wouldn’t be able to react with the water, even if you made it into powder form. One major error that could be a part of the experiment could be determining when the reaction is done and the dissolving is over. You can fix this by having some sort of program indicate when the reaction is done so that you have accurate data. I think one improvement would be to create a better device for tracking the data and being able to successfully indicate when the reaction is over so that the time is accurate which can help in providing better data for both experiments. © Copyright Michigan Virtual 2021 Revised 6/29/2021 Page 1