02.03 QUANTIZATION OF ENERGY

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Christian Brothers University *

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MISC

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Chemistry

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Jan 9, 2024

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lOMoARcPSD|30638314 Quantization of Energy Lab Report Instructions: For this investigative phenomenon, you will need to determine the composition of the new star using a spectrometer. This will help scientists determine the star's approximate age. You will complete Part I and Part II trials of the experiment. Record your observations and test measurements in the lab report below. You will submit your completed report. Title: Quantization of energy Lab Objective(s): Hypothesis: For part 1, the color of the fire will change based on the element. For part 2, the colors of the light reflect the elements that make up the star. Make a prediction that describes the relationship between the composition of an unknown substance and its emission spectrum. For example, “If each element can be identified by its wavelength and spectrum, then the elements of an unknown star can be determined." Procedure: Access the virtual lab and complete Part I and Part II trials of the experiment. Because this lab is virtual, summarize the steps in which data were collected for the samples. In addition, list and explain your controlled variables, independent variable, and dependent variable for this lab. Materials: Quantization of Energy Virtual Lab Variables: Remember, controlled variables are factors that remain the same throughout the experiment. An independent (test) variable changes so that the experimenter can see the effect on other variables. The dependent (outcome) variable will change in response to the test variable. Downloaded by Bougie Nene (nenenolove5@gmail.com)

Solution Element Name Color Description Known One Barium Green Known Two Calcium Red Known Three Sodium Yellow Known Four Rubidium purple Known Five Potassium blue Known Six Lithium pink Unknown One Lithium pink Unknown Two potassium blue lOMoARcPSD|30638314 Controlled variables: In the Flame test it was the hydrochloric acid, wire, and fire. In the spectroscopy there were the slit, prism, and spectrum. Independent variable: In the Flame test it was the elements. In the spectroscopy there were the type of elements as well. Dependent variable: In the Flame test it was the colors the element. In the spectroscopy there were the light spectrum of the elements Summary of Steps: Data: Type the results of your tests in the data table below. The saved results of your measurements can also be found by selecting the data table button within the virtual lab. Don't forget to record measurements with accuracy, precision, and appropriate significant figures. Part I : Flame Tests Part II: Spectrometry Downloaded by Bougie Nene (nenenolove5@gmail.com)

lOMoARcPSD|30638314 Known Elements Spectrum Downloaded by Bougie Nene (nenenolove5@gmail.com)

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Line in Star Spectrum Color Wavelength 1 Purple 405nm 2 Purple 410nm 3 Purple 413nm 4 Blue 437nm 5 Blue 445nm 6 turquoise 500nm 7 Neon green 506nm 8 green 550nm 9 Green 559nm 10 yellow 583nm 11 orange 619nm 12 Orange 626nm 13 Light red 651nm 14 red 682nm 15 Red 690nm 16 Red 698nm 17 Red 705nm 18 Red 714nm lOMoARcPSD|30638314 Conclusion Write a conclusion statement that addresses the following questions: Downloaded by Bougie Nene (nenenolove5@gmail.com)

lOMoARcPSD|30638314 • Based on your data from part 2, identify three possible elements that make up this star.  Do your data support or fail to support your hypothesis (include examples)? • How do you think the investigation can be explored further? o I believe the data supports my hypothesis because the color depends on which element was burnt or reflected. The star seems to have many different elements, but the most common ones seem to be neon, mercury, and hydrogen. There is potential for exploring further details about the star, such as its life cycle and size. Post-Lab Reflection Questions Answer the reflection questions using what you have learned from the lesson and your experimental data. It will be helpful to refer to your chemistry journal notes. Answer questions in complete sentences. 1. In Parts I and II of the lab, what happened to the electrons of each element to produce the different colors of light? Explain your answers using important terms from the lesson and information provided in the laboratory. 1. Light is a product of atoms being heated. As the atoms move, they generate higher levels of energy. When the atoms calm, specific energy photons are released creating light. 2. Stars composed of heavier (more massive) elements are often slightly older than stars made predominantly from hydrogen and helium. Based on your data, is the newly discovered star a younger star? Explain your answer. 1. Yes, the new star is a younger star. It contains both hydrogen and helium as well as lithium, mercury, sodium, and neon. Downloaded by Bougie Nene (nenenolove5@gmail.com)

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