14. Based on the structural intermediates below, classify the role of the nitro group in the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of p-nitrochlorobenzene with KOH. +N TÖ C1 :ÖH C1 OH < N TÖ + ³0: F HE OH HO N 70+ a) electron withdrawing group, activating towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution b) electron withdrawing group, deactivating towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution c) electron donating group, activating towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution d) electron donating group, deactivating towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution TCI:

In the experiment where an Electrophillic aromatic substitution sulfonation reaction is conducted on Indigo to produce the food dye FD&C Blue #2(indigo blue or indigotine). show a mechanism showing a single sulfonation on a molecule of indigo.

ОН ARSO3H + H20 Dihydropyran is synthesized by treating tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol with an arenesulfonic acid, ArSO,H. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the reaction mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions + OH ОН H.

4

Br CH2 HBr CH3 Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the reaction mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH2 Н— Br:

please expalin i am not sure what i am doing wrong here

Draw the missing arrows in the mechanism in photo. see photo. thank you

MECHANISM ACTIVITY Base-Induced Ester Hydrolysis (Saponification) NOC XT Step 1: Nucleophilic addition of hydroxide ion to the ester carbonyl group Ahrs MPR R16 H3C. R Part A (1 of 2) Draw the curved arrows for Step 1 of this mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions CH3 H-O: ÖH OR' :Ö H-O: O: H H H H 1x xxx CH3 CH3 Step 1 H3C. CH3 за

help with the questions except number 1

What type of mechanism is the given reaction most likely to follow? 1. X 2. Your answer C 3. Br excess HBr ОН + 1. E1 2. S,2 3. S,1 4. E2 Hint Which side of the ether acts as the electrophile? What is its classification 4.

The reaction scheme below, proposed by students, will not work. Why not? HO -Br OH Mg HO -MgBr ether 1. cyclohexanone 2. mild H3O+ HO O The Grignard reagent will immediately react with the phenolic OH group, destroying the Grignard reagent before it can react with cyclohexanone. O The H30+ in the second step will destroy the erignard Reagent. O The H3O+ in the second step needs to be strong acid, because the Grignard reagent is a strong base. O Cyclohexanone is too sterically congested.

armsT amst gnivol sdt sn mzinam 13 eluosiominU Student Name: :9ms in bu 21. Identify the best alkyl halide and base that could be used to prepare the indicated alkene as the only elimination product from an E2 reaction. What are the alkyl halide base 5 A 6 5 Cs Ba 132.9 7 88 (226 Ra 104 105 ~(227) (257) (260) 60 Series* Lanthanide 144.2 Actinide Series Th Pa U 19 U Np (231) (238) 眠。 2 Be 9.012 3 Na 1 12 3B 4B 5B 6B

What sequence of steps can comvert benzene into 4-isobutylacetophenone

Recall that the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction forms a new C-C bond between an aromatic ring and an alkyl halide, in the presence of an appropriate Lewis Acid. Which of the following (one or more than one) DO work well in Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions? ப n D NO2 CI as the alkyl halide for the reaction OH CI CI ta

Select the reagent that you would use to convert an alkene to an epoxide. mCPBA 03, then DMS BH3-THF, then H2O2, H2O, NaOH Hg(OAc)2, H2O, then NaBH4

Design a synthesis of 4-methylpent-2-yne from (E)-4-methylpent-2-ene. Complete the following reaction scheme. Part 1 of 3 Step 1 A Identify the required reagent(s) for step 1. Select the single best answer. HBr H₂. Pt Br, Na NH₂ Step 2

2. OH 1. HCI 2. H- O a = Proton transfer b = Lewis acid/base c = Radical chain substitution d = Radical chain addition OH OCOH xXxa + H₂O e = Electrophilic addition f = E1 Elimination g= E2 Elimination HCI Identify the mechanism by which each of the reactions above proceeds from among the mechanisms listed. Use the letters a - j for your answers. h = SN1 Nucleophilic substitution i = SN2 Nucleophilic substitution j = Electrophilic aromatic substitution

I'm having trouble understanding what's wrong with this mechanism I've drawn. Can you assist me in identifying the errors in the drawing? Thank you.   Original Question: Propose a mechanism to show how 3,3-dimethylbut-1-ene reacts with dilute aqueous H2SO4H2SO4 to give 2,3-dimethylbutan-2-ol.

What is the mechanisms to get from the reactant to the products

What is the elimination product for the reaction on #19  guess that is what it is  looking for thank u

show the missing reagents and intermediates in the reaction sequence below

H3C Arrow-pushing Instructions NA H3C H3 C CH3 H3C CH3 Aldehydes and ketones can be halogenated at their a-position by reaction with Cl₂, Br₂, or I2, under acidic conditions. Using Br₂ under acidic conditions, an intermediate enol is formed which adds bromine at the a-position. The reaction stops after the addition of one bromine because the electron-withdrawing halogen decreases the basicity of the carbonyl oxygen, making the protonation less favorable. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. :OH H3C CH3 Submit Answer CH3 XT FCH₂ Br₂, H3O+ Br-Br H3C H3C. :OH H3C CH3 CH₂Br Retry Entire Group 9 more group attempts remaining Br Br

The carbon adjacent to a nitrile group (CN) can be deprotonated using LDA and alkylated with an alkyl halide, analogous to the alkylation of ketones. Use this knowledge and apply it to design a synthetic plan that would suite the transformation shown below. Ме Br OEt Me Ме O 1) Mg 2) NaCN 3) MeBr 4) H30+, heat 5) E1OH, H2SO4 (catalytic) O 1) NaCN 2) MeMgBr 3) H3O+ 4) EtOH, H2SO4 (catalytic) O 1) NaCN 2) LDA 3) MeBr 4) LİAIH4 5) H3O*, heat 6) E1OH, H2S04 (catalytic) O 1) NACN 2) LDA 3) MeBr 4) H3O*, heat 5) E1OH, H2SO4 (catalytic) none of the other answer choices are correct

Part I (Quantitative): a substitution reaction using the tertiary diol below will produce a product that can be isolated and characterized. на хот 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diol conc. HCI The available reaction solutions are: ▪ 18% sodium iodide in acetone ▪ 1% silver nitrate in ethanol 2,5-dichloro-2,5-dimethylhexane m.p. 63-66.5 °C Part II (Qualitative): the substitution of various alkyl halides will provide insight into the effects of substrate structure, leaving group, and reaction temperature on SN2 and SNl reactions, and you will be able to draw conclusions about these reactions based on your observations. The available alkyl halides are listed later in the experimental procedures section. For Part I (Quantitative): a. Draw the overall synthetic reaction, including all structures, relevant physical data, amounts, and safety information. b. Clearly show the calculation (including units throughout) of the theoretical yield of the reaction. Indicate the limiting reagent. For Part II…

Fill in the missing structure(s) for the reaction pathways shown below.  Provide all starting material(s), reagent(s), or product(s).  If more than one product can be formed, draw all major products.  If more than one starting material is possible, write all starting materials.  Draw all stereoisomers.

Alkyl Halides: Draw the second intermediate of solvolysis of bromomethylcyclopentane in methanol Part A Solvolysis of 1-bromo-1-methylcyclopentane in methanol yields an initial intermediate, a second intermediate, and then the product (1-methoxy-1-methylcyclopentane) shown. Draw the structure of the second intermediate. Interactive 3D display mode 8=8 CH3OH heat Draw the molecule on the canvas by choosing buttons from the Tools (for bonds), Atoms, and Advanced Template toolbars, including charges where needed. The single bond is active by default. N -CH₂ [1] A H: 2D EXP. CONT L Marvin JS by ChemAxon H C N O S CI Br

O NaBH4 Synthesis #2: Select a different set of two substrates and one reagent that could be combined to prepare benzphetamine. tymen Ph Ph Ph Ph NH Ph H O NaBH3CN, H+ 20= ano [H*], NaBH-CN Nucleophile

CHEM 372-Problem Set 13 - Ester and amide hydrolysis 4. Esters undergo hydrolysis to the corresponding alcohol and carboxylate: ethyl acetate is hydrolyzed to ethanol and acetate. However, amides are surprisingly stable under strong base. Draw the first intermediate in the hydrolysis of the amide. Is a good leaving group present? Continue with the prove to yourself that the basic hydrolysis of an amide is more difficult than ester mechanism and hydrolysis. NaOH H3C CH3 H3C OH Na CH3 heat NaOH H3C CH3 heat

In the synthesis of 2-methyl-pentan-2-ol from pentan-2-one, the source of the nucleophile in nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon is  __________.     -C≡N     CH3MgBr     -C≡CCH3     NaOCH3     KMnO4

U U U CI Recall that the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction forms a new C-C bond between an aromatic ring and an alkyl halide, in the presence of an appropriate Lewis Acid. Which of the following (one or more than one) DO work well in Friedel-Crafts alkylation reactions? OH CI +a NO2 CI as the alkyl halide for the reaction