“Jillian_Melick_Lab03_ChemicalAnalysisAndFeedLabels

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Apr 3, 2024

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ANS 231: Animal Nutrition Lab 4: Chemical Analysis and Feed Labels Name: Jillian Melick Date: 2/1/2024 Lab Assignment Section 1. Feed Nutrients and Feed labels (14 pts) 1. Table 1. This is based on the Activities: Testing Feed Nutrients and Comparing Feed Labels. Complete the Testing for Feed Nutrients Table. The first four samples of your table should be your controls. Name of Feed Sugar (+/-) Starch (+/-) Fat (+/-) Protein (+/-) 1. Karo Syrup + - - - 2. Breadcrumbs - + - - 3. Vegetable Oil - - + - 4. Milk - - - + 5. Purina cat chow: Indoor + + + + 6. Natural balance: limited ingredient dog food + + + +

2. Table 2. This is based on the Activity: Compare Feed Labels. For the two feeds you tested, compare the two feed labels with your group, record the top three ingredients and the feed category they represent for each feed. (Forages and roughages, Energy feeds, Protein supplements). Include the name of the feed label. Take photos of your labels and paste into this document. Feed Name: Purina cat chow: Indoor Ingredient Category 1 Chicken by-product meal Protein supplement 2 Whole grain corn Energy feed 3 Soy flour Energy feed 1. Feed Name: Natural Balance Limited Ingredient Adult Grain-Free Dry Dog Food, Salmon & Sweet Potato Recipe Ingredient Category 1 Salmon Protein supplement 2 Menhaden fish meal Protein supplement 3 Sweet potatoes Energy feed 3. Record your observations regarding the feeds you tested in Table 1. For each nutrient tested answer the following: Were there any findings that were unexpected (i.e., a negative result that should have been positive)? If so, what were the findings and how did you interpret/explain the results of those findings? Sugar : Both of the foods were positive for sugar but there was a minimal amount so it was a lighter color. Starch: Both were positive for statch in the feeds but the cat food had a darker color indicating that there is more fiber in that food compared to the dog food which had a lighter color. Fat : Both are positive for fats but the cat food had a higher fat content which made it a darker color compared to the dog food that had fats but not as much.

Protein: Both were positive for protein since it was the first ingredients in the feeds 4. Answer the following questions based on the two feeds your group tested. Do you see similarities in the feed ingredients on the different labels? How do the feed ingredients compare to the nutrients your group tested? Describe the similarities and differences. Yes there were some similarities in the feed ingredients because our feeds had protein and energy feeds as the first 3 ingredients. The feeds that we tested compared to the control we tested were different because in the feeds tubes there would be to little or to much liquid or dog food so it was hard to get an accurate color compared to the control tubes. But in some of the testings they were the same color as the control tubes so it just really depended on which nutrient we were testing for and operator error. 5. If you were an animal nutritionist, what other information might you need to evaluate these nutrients that was not determined in the tests you performed? We would probably have to test for exactly how much of that one nutrient is in the food along with looking at minerals and other things to make sure that the animal that its directed to get everything it needs to maintain itself. 6. List the specific information on your feed label that corresponds to each item required on a feed label (Items 1 to 7 in the Lesson material). Include a listing of the first 5 ingredients for your feed label. Include a photo of your label. 1. Purina cat chow: Indoor 2. Indoor hairball and healthy weight adult cats 3. 4.

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5. 6. 7. First 5 ingredients: chicken by-product meal, whole grain corn, soy flour, whole grain wheat, corn gluten meal 1. Natural Balance Limited Ingredient Adult Grain-Free Dry Dog Food, Salmon & Sweet Potato Recipe 2. Complete and balanced adult dog food

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. First 5 ingredients: salmon, Menhaden fish meal, Sweet potatoes, tapioca starch, potatoes

Section 2. Chemical analysis (3 pts) 1. Explain the chemical analysis used to determine the required items listed in the guaranteed analysis. Summarize the chemical analysis. You can draw a flowchart, use bullet points, or write a general summary. 2. Which chemical analysis is most often used for ruminants? Why? Summarize the chemical analysis you chose. You can draw a flowchart, use bullet points, or write a general summary. The most common way is the detergent analysis since it just analyzes the fibrous components of feeds the ruminants eat.

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3. This is based on the Moodle Activity: Chemical Analyses. Select 2 videos that describe different analyses. One of the videos should be the ANKOM 200 Fiber Analysis Procedure OR the ANKOM XT15 Extractor – Crude fat Procedure.  Briefly summarize what was included in each of the 2 videos. ANKOM XT15 Extractor In the preparation section they discuss how they bag the samples and how they balance the samples to make sure they are equally dispersed. Then they enter the data into the bata base and record everything before putting it in the machine. After the machine calculates what’s left in the sample the bag has to cool down since it was heated AKNOM XT14 Extractor analytical principle Determines acid detergent fiber in a very easy way along with neutral detergent fiber and crude fiber values in feeds and forages. You place 24 samples that’s been encapsulated and then its in a bag suspender and put into a fiber analyzer then solution is added and the machine filters the samples for the fibers. Then once its finished its rinsed, dried, and reweighted.  Describe how each of these videos gave you a greater ability to describe what this analysis is or does than was provided in the Lesson. This should include specific information. Include at least two additional details that you learned from at least one video you selected. I am now able to describe in detail what goes on during these analysis so if I needed to explain what was to go on during the fiber analysis then I can. Like in a detailed acid detergent fiber analysis they specifically have to use 24 samples that are enclosed in a special filter bag then it has to be suspended and inserted into the machine with the correct solutions added then it is sealed and heated and agitated then the machine filters the fibers removing cell contents so we can measure the and weigh the fibers. Section 3. Review of DM Calculations (3 pts) 1. Using the following data, calculate the missing values for a – d to two decimal places. You have a sample that weighs 25 g. The water content is 42%. The N was measured at 0.4107 g N and the OM is 90%. You conducted a detergent analysis and found that it was 34% NDF on a DM basis (cellulose = 15%, lignin = 3%). Show your work.