05Sim03b.Measurements & Density Determination

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Feb 20, 2024

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Name: __________James Carpenter____________________________________________________________________________ CHEM 1405 Lab Simulation 03b: Measurements & Density Determination Complete the lab below. Each part requires access to the unique measurement simulations. Work is required for full credit. Work must be hand-rendered, no typed calculations are allowed. Use a separate sheet of paper as needed to contain any work, but be sure to label your questions when working on scratch paper. Part 1: Length and Rulers- http://cstephenmurray.com/onlinequizes/chemistry/measuring/MeasuringLength.htm 1) Click on the link above 2) Record the measurements listed in centimeters. Solve and record all 15 answers. (5 points) Length #1 Length #2 Length #3 Length #4 Length #5 10mm 2cm 32mm .12m 19mm Length #6 Length #7 Length #8 Length #9 Length #10 1 cm .175m 0.019 m 43 mm 12 cm Length #11 Length #12 Length #13 Length #14 Length #15 120 mm 175 mm 3 cm 4.3 cm 17.5 cm Part 1: Length Questions (Length/Ruler)- 1) Convert any ONE (1) of the 5 measurements to millimeters. (1 points) 2cm 2X10= 20 20mm 2) Convert any ONE (1) of the 5 measurements to meters. (1 points) 19mm /1000 = 0.019 0.019m 3) Convert FIVE (5) of the measurements that start in cm to inches, showing all work and dimension analysis steps (1 inch = 2.54 cm). (5 points) 3cm/2.54= 1.181 in 4.3cm/2,54= 1.67in 1cm/2,54= 0.394 in 2cm/2.54= .787 in 17.5cm/2.54= 6.89 in

/12 Part 2: Volume and Graduated Cylinder- http://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Games/GraduatedCylinder/index.html 1) Click on the link above 2) Add your name, then click on “Begin” 3) Begin recording measurements. 4) For “Substance” write a descriptor that identifies the item you will measure the volume for. 5) For “recorded volume” write the volume of the object AND the unit (3 points) Substance # 1 blue # 2 pink # 3 orange # 4 purple # 5 Recorded Volume 540 ML 70 ML 58.ML 34.5ML 6.7 ML Part 2 Questions (Volume/Graduated Cylinders) 1) What challenges did you see with the experiment? (1 point) The challenge was knowing what the actual number was because the liquid was not leveled out in a straight line. 2) Convert all 5 volumes from mL to fluid ounces, showing your work for the conversion (5 points) 540/29.574= 18.26 Fluid ounces 70mL/29.574= 2.367 fluid ounces 58.mL/29.574= 1.96 fluid ounces 34.5mL/29.574= 1.16 fluid ounces 6.7mL/29.574= 0.22 fluid ounces

3) Define the meniscus: how does it influence the reading of your measurement? (1 point) When reading the volume in a graduated cylinder, the meniscus is the curved line that is created by the edge of the liquid, You should read the bottom of the meniscus /10 Part 3: Thermometers and Temperature- http://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Games/ReadTheThermometerChallenge/index.html 1) Click on the link above 2) Add your name, then click on “Begin” 3) Begin recording measurements. 4) For “Substance” write a descriptor that identifies the item you will measure the temperature 5) For “recorded Celsius temperature” write the volume of the object AND the unit (3 points) Substance water water water water water Recorded Celsius Temperature 67.9 C 23.7 C 20.4 C 57.8 C 29.1 C Part 3 Questions (Temperature/Thermometers) 1) Convert all 5 temperatures recorded from the Celsius temperature scale to: a. Fahrenheit: o F = 1.8 o C + 32 (show all work) (5 points) 67.9 X 1.8+32= 154.22 degrees Fahrenheit 23.7 X 1.8+32= 74.66 degrees Fahrenheit 20.4 X 1.8= 68.72 degrees Fahrenheit 57.8 X 1.8= 136.04 degrees Fahrenheit 29.1 X 1.8= 84.38 degrees Fahrenheit b. Kelvin: K = o C + 273 (show all work) (5 points) 29.1+273= 302.25 k 67.9+273= 341.05k 23.7+273= 296.85k 20.4+273= 293.55k 57.8+273= 330.85k 2) Discuss the uncertainty in reading the thermometer: how would you round the temperature reading on a thermometer. (1 point) A temperature measured using a thermometer with graduations of 1°C is said to have an uncertainty of ±0.5 °C . It is common to write down values with the uncertainty,

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/14 Part 4: Mass and Triple Beam Balance- http://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Games/ReadtheTripleBeam/index.html 1) Click on the link above, add your name, then click on “Begin” 2) Begin recording measurements. To note the measurement in the simulation, click on the digit you want entered in for each place starting with the hundreds place. a. To zoom in on the “ones place”, select the magnifying glass. b. To change an incorrect digit, click on that place, then select the digit c. Label the object by including the type and color 3) Make sure to list the name of the object in object information and the mass of the object (5 points) # Object Information Mass x # Object Information Mass 1 Orange cylinder 462.5 g X X 6 Blue cylinder 557.7 g 2 Orange tall cylinder 211.4 g x X 7 Purple cylinder 305.3 g 3 Short cylinder 158.7 g x X 8 Blue cylinder 329.5 g 54 Cylinder orange 197.6 g x X 9 Blue cylinder 144.7 g 5 Yellow cylinder 334.0 g x X 10 Orange 314.5 g Part 4 Questions (Mass/Triple Beam Balance) 1) Which digit is estimated? How can you tell? (1 point) When you take a measurement the last number is always the estimated value 2) What were some of the challenges in weighing objects using a triple beam balance? (1 point) The hardest challenge was knowing what object I was weighing and also turning the mass amount into decimal form finding the estimated value. 3) Convert the mass of objects 1-5 from grams to pounds showing all steps. (5 points) 462.5/453.6= 1.02lbs 211.4/453.6= .47lbs 158.7/453.6=. 34lbs 197.6/453.6= . 436lbs 334.0/452.6=. 77lbs

4) Convert the mass of objects 6-10 from grams to kilograms showing process done. (5 points) 557.7/1000= 1.02 kg 305.3/1000= . 30 kg 329.5/1000 =.32 kg 1447/1000=. 147 kg 314.5/1000=. 31 kg /17 Part 5: Solving for Density for measurements by formulas 1) Find 2 different cylinder cans in your pantry and a ruler at home. 2) Measure the radius and height of the can in centimeters. If you use inches, convert (1 in = 2.54 cm). 3) For the mass, use the mass in grams of the food inside. 4) Calculate the density of the cans. For volume, use V = πr 2 h. Table- (5 points) Can #1 Radius (cm) Height (cm) Mass (g) Volume cm 3 Density g/cm 3 Chicken noodle soup can 6,096cm 14.7 cm 304g 22.4 oz 13.58 Can #2 Radius (cm) Height (cm) Mass (g) Volume cm 3 Density g/cm 3 Soda can 1,25 inches 5 inches 384g 355 ml .97 g/cm Calculations: Can #1 (3 points) Can #2 (3 points)

/11 Part 6: Density of objects by Water Displacement- http://cstephenmurray.com/onlinequizes/chemistry/measuring/displacementmethod.htm 1) Click on the link above. 2) Solve all 6 displacement experiments in the table below. 3) Fill in the table as you solve the problem, include all units in table. 4) Calculate the density (use Object V for volume). Show work on the next page, not in the data table. Density Water Displacement Data Table (12 points) Object Initial V (mL) Final V (mL) Object V Vf – Vi (mL) Mass (g) Density (g/mL) Dinosaur 4.8ml 5.6 .8 2.57g 3.21 g/ml Fish 32ml 38ml 6 23.4 g 3.9 g/ml Blue Human 3.4ml 5ml 1.6 10.3 g 0.15g/ml Diver Human 46ml 54ml 8 54.7 g 6.84g/ml

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Hammer 65mL 69mL 4 33.6 g 8.4g/ml SpongeBob 50mL 52mL 2 3.43 g 1.7g/mL /12 Calculations for Object Volume- show work each object’s volume below. Work required for full credit. (1 points per calculation = 6 points) 4.8- 5.6= 0.8 vol 32-38= 6 vol 3.4-5= 1.6 46-54= 8 65-69= 4 50-52=2 Calculations for Density (1 points per calculation = 6 points) 2.57g/.8= 3.21 23.4/6= 3.9 10.3/ 1.6= 6.4 54.7/8= 6.83 33.6/4= 8.4 3.43/2= 1.715

Postlab Questions Questions (Measurements by formulas and water displacement) 1) What are some of the advantages of finding density by water displacement? (1 points) An advantage of displacement is the volume of irregularly shaped objects can be found it also allows you to know what substances will floats and what substances will sink 2) What are some of the advantages of finding density by measurements? (1 points) Dividing mass can be measured with scales of balance and is expressed in grams or kilo this way is easy to do. /14 3) Calculate the volume of an object with a mass of 725 g and a density of 3.72 g/mL. (2 points) 725g/3.75g/ml= 193.3 4) Calculate the mass of a sphere (V = 4/3πr 3 ) given a radius of 1.65 cm and a density of 2.89 g/cm 3 . (2 points) 4/3 X 3.14 X1.65^3 X 2.89= 54.38 5) Calculate the density (in terms of g/cm 3 ) of an object which weighs 11.37 pounds with dimensions of 13.15 mm by 16.95 mm by 12.45 mm. (2 points)

13.15 + 16.95+ 12.45= 42.5mm^3 11.37lbs= 453.45g/1lb Density of a solids=g/cm^3 1gram=.0022 pounds Density=mass/ volume 11.37 pounds= 1 gram/ .0022 pounds 11.37/.0022= 454.54 g 454.54/42.55 mL^3 6) Calculate the density (in grams per cubic centimeter) of a cylinder (V = πr 2 h) with a mass of 0.0185 kg, a height of 1.74 in and a radius of 0.0178 m). (2 points) 3.14 X 0.0178 ^2 X 1.74= 0.00173 cm 7) Calculate the density of an object weighing 33.018 g that changes the level of water in a graduated cylinder from 19.75 mL to 31.31 mL. (2 points) 33.018/31.31= 1.05 /10

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