Business project- Amazon US Final
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Cover Page
Business Project- Amazon
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Executive Summary
Amazon is an international online retailer which has a huge customer base. Amazon is
now one of the world's largest retailers, with a global customer base and a significant
presence in both the United States and international markets. The company operates several
business units, including Amazon.com, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Amazon Prime, and
Amazon Studios. Amazon has been widely recognized for its innovation, customer focus, and
aggressive expansion strategy. However, the company has also been subject to criticism for
its impact on small businesses and other retailers because of the negative impact on their
profitability, labor practices, and data privacy concerns. Despite these challenges, Amazon
remains a major player in the technology and retail industries by leveraging the best use of
business strategy. The proposed report focused on the challenge that Amazon faced as a
result it led to several issues faced by the company. The challenge identified is the Russia-
Ukraine war which ultimately impacted the company in the form of lower sales, and
disrupted logistics.
The report evaluates the identified issues from various perspectives through the use of
models and frameworks. The first model that has been used is the Value Chain model which
revealed the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the company. All the above-
stated issues have been identified and they have been resolved so that the company does not
face them with intensity. The different associated stakeholders have also been analyzed and
evaluated considering the internal and external stakeholders
(
GlobalData UK Ltd, 2023). The
internal stakeholder would be impacted majorly as the overall process of the supply chain is
disrupted. It is very essential to keep the stakeholders satisfied so they do not get associated
with the company which has a negative image (Polansky, 2023). The report further used the
critical evaluation and secondary analysis of the various aspects by
using Porter’s five forces.
The use of the model reflected that the company has huge strengths in terms of brand
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reputation and the wider selection of products. It will help the company to stay competitive
when compared with the competitors. The report
The main recommendation of the report for Amazon focused on the various strategies
that need to be modified and strategic actions to be taken in response to the issues. As the
company is already impacted, the company should focus on the reduction on advertising
expenses and must change the fulfillment method. Through the launching of the new product.
Supply chain disruptions can be challenging for any company, including Amazon. Relying on
a single supplier for a particular product or component can be risky. Amazon should consider
diversifying its supplier base to mitigate the impact of any potential disruptions. The risk
management plan should be undertaken by the company to understand the potential
disruption and must focus on outlining the contingency plan for addressing the identified
issues. By implementing these recommendations, Amazon can better manage supply chain
disruptions and minimize the impact on its customers, stakeholders, and business operations.
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Table of Contents
Introduction
................................................................................................................................
5
Challenges/ Problems of the client company- Amazon and its connection with the current
affairs
.........................................................................................................................................
6
Purpose of the report
..................................................................................................................
7
Stakeholder’s Analysis
- Impact of issue or challenge on stakeholders
.....................................
8
Secondary Data Evaluation
......................................................................................................
11
Recommendations
....................................................................................................................
19
Conclusion
...............................................................................................................................
20
References
................................................................................................................................
22
5
Introduction
The primary purpose of the consultancy report is to reveal the challenges the chosen
company faces related to current affairs. The chosen organization is Amazon, one of the
biggest online retailers constantly expanding its online presence by offering a competitive
pricing strategy. Amazon is a US-based company and has expanded its footprint in more than
20 countries having dedicated full operational online services to serve customers most
beneficially. There are certain categories where the company needs to be efficient and cost-
effective but requires the company to make a significant investment in technology and
infrastructure. Amazon US has the biggest online e-retail market share of more than 37% in
2022.
One of the key identified challenges faced by the company today is the impact of the
Russia and Ukraine war that has forced huge changes in market dynamics negatively. It
forced the business organization to come up with new and innovative strategies and issues
that will enable them to prepare for the rapidly changing world. One of the major issues
identified by the organization is the supply chain issue and rising prices issue that result in
potential loss to the
company’s
revenues across the globe. As there is an increase in the
customer’s expectations
and demand for lower-priced products, it is pressing the organization
to come up with a new strategy and provide an in-store and digital experience to its
customers.
The consultancy report focuses on addressing challenges and resolving issues that
Amazon faces in light of current affairs, as the company is facing huge disruption in the
supply chain because of the Russia-Ukraine war. The overall situation has drastically affected
the margins of the company. The objective of this report is to reflect on the various secondary
information and effectively apply the theoretical insights. The report also focuses on the
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impact on its stakeholders, who ultimately gets affected by the continuous challenge faced by
the company.
Challenges/ Problems of the client company- Amazon and its connection with the current
affairs
With the rise in e-commerce platforms, the company is facing huge challenges in
terms of competition from other online retailers such as Walmart, Apple, Target, and eBay.
Keeping the inventory has resulted in a great challenge for the company. The post-pandemic
era is resulting in a greater problem for the company as businesses in Amazon reported
supply chain challenges during 2021 (Detjen, 2021). Because of the supply chain disruption
due to the war situation, around 93% of the e-commerce sellers lost their revenue as they
have a challenge related to the inventory and the unsold stock is creating a burden for many
sellers (Ians, 2022). Most of the sellers on Amazon had modified their business strategies
through various means such as launching new products on new platforms, finding alternative
options, and adjusting their advertisement expenses among other methods. The competition is
overtaking the e-commerce giant as there are certain areas where the company needs to
examine and includes innovation, as certain rivals are beginning to outpace the business
model of Amazon (Polansky, 2022). The company needs to respond to the whole business
practices in an effective way by auditing its supply chain. The demonstration of the
sustainability business satisfies the customer’s need along with investors leaving a positive
impact on the bottom line. Another issue of rising prices of raw materials and other essential
commodities has led to a new round of global issues for the company (
Statista, 2023)
.
As a consultant, the problem could be understood by identifying the root cause of the
possible disruption and its impact on the company’s operation. It is also important to
understand and evaluate the various solutions to prevent such disruption in the future. Despite
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being the biggest overseas market with a lead in the customer base, the company faces
immense issues and pressure in the fast-growing categories. Due to the high inflation
environment in the US, the company needs to look for new markets with the view to
mitigating the impact of the potential disturbance in falling sales. Because of the increased
inflation environment, the company also faces recruitment and retention issues as it is
ultimately giving rise to labor competition (Polansky, 2022). Thus, in order to stay in the
leading position in the e-commerce cloud market, the company needs to recruit new talent
who will perceive the issues the company is currently facing with a new perspective and add
a scope for growth. It is essential for the company to revamp its approach of moving to new
markets for increasing activities of commerce as it will be considered the logical step from
the e-
commerce giant’s point of view. As Amazon is a global company, it has vast networks
of suppliers and stakeholders which fulfill the logistical requirements. So it is very likely that
the company must have a contingency plan to mitigate the impact of the supply chain
disruptions as scarcity of raw materials could pose another threat to the company in near
future. Though the world is recovering from the covid-19 pandemic, the companies faced
huge disruption in their global supply chain that further affected the manufacturing,
production, and transportation, and logistics matters of the company.
Purpose of the report
The purpose of the consultancy report is to analyze how current affairs in the market
might impact Amazon’s performance in
the US and other markets.
The report will recommend how Amazon would need to implement a different supply
chain strategy and other issues to prevent future challenges of the war between Russia and
Ukraine and the ways to bring growth for the company.
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(Polansky, 2022)
Stakeholder’s Analysis
- Impact of issue or challenge on stakeholders
The stakeholders are the most important aspect of the company as they can influence
the operations of the company in a more significant way. The impact could vary depending
on the type of stakeholders involved and the type of competition that it faces from various
competitors (Detjen, 2021). The problems faced by the company will affect the stakeholders
and thus will prove to be very challenging for the company to drive innovation and improve
efficiency to fulfill customer expectations (
Chiles and Dau, 2005)
. The changing market
condition needs to be adopted by the company so that the competitive edge can be maintained
through the right addressing of the concerns of the stakeholders (Ians, 2022). Today, the
company is facing increased demand because of e-commerce and online shopping which has
put pressure on the company to increase its
networks so that Amazon’s fulfi
llment center is
able to fulfill the needs of the customers and other business delivery partners. The supply
chain issue can be complex as it requires a multi-faceted strategy to deal with the changing
situation for continuously assessing and addressing the opportunities to ensure efficient
operations. The main issue is disruption, which requires the company to identify an
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alternative business model that focuses on the identification of various strategies to overcome
the potential problem. The aim is to guide the company so that the step undertaken could be
helpful to the company.
Internal Stakeholders
External Stakeholders
Employees
Shareholders
Managers
Investors Jeff Bezos, Andrew Jassy,
and Douglas Herrington
Customers
Government
Suppliers
Communities
Competitors
Based on the above table, the top three individual shareholders include Jeff Bezos,
Andrew Jassy, and Douglas Herrington. While Amazon's top three institutional shareholders
are Vanguard, Blackrock, and State Street. They are high power high influential investors.
Shareholders- As there are huge competition and increased supply chain disruption, it will
directly affect the profitability of the company which will result in the fall in the shareholder's
value. The shareholders must be able to become concerned relating the company's ability to
ensure the company's ability to maintain the dominant position.
Employees (High power and high influence) - Increased competition will affect the
employees as the change in the company's revenue will force the management to take the step
of layoff, and it will increase the overall pressure of performance. It affects particularly those
employees who works in company’s logistics operations. Any kind of supply chain affects
the employees that ultimately leads to job dissatisfaction (
GlobalData UK Ltd, 2023)
.
Customers (Low Power High Influence)- Customers are confronted with more options with
lower pricing as a result of increased competition. It will directly pressure the company to
reduce the price to establish its customer base for a longer period. It is inferred that the supply
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chain disruption affected the expectations of the customers as the company were unable to
fulfil the orders because of the supply chain disruption. It will further result in negative
experience and dissatisfaction among the customers (
Qin and Liu, 2021).
Investors (High power and high influence)- The disruption also affects the investors because
if the financial performance will be disrupted, the investors will not be interested in the
further investment and it will be perceived that the company is not able to manage the supply
chain in an effective and efficient way.
Suppliers (High power low influence)- It affects the suppliers as they will not be able to fulfil
the demands of the company and it will also affect the ability to fulfil the orders and generate
revenue.
Government (High power low influence)- Because of more and more competition, it leads to
increased observation on the part of the government regarding the violation of the antitrust
laws and other unfair practices (Arcieri, 2022). With the view to provide response to the
supply chain disruption, it is important to take steps to mitigate the impact of its stakeholders.
Based on the stakeholder’s theory, it indicates that the company has a set of internal
and external stakeholders. Amazon always take several steps to ensure long run success that
continuously lead to satisfy the stakeholders needs on both short and long term perspective.
Understanding the responsibilities and expectations of the stakeholders is crucial to
implementing change inside the company. The projects' results may have an impact on them
in various positive and negative ways, and therefore, it requires careful scrutiny from the
company during the initial stage. Every stakeholders have certain expectations from the
company as they have invested in the company with the view to gain positive returns.
Especially considering the US business, the challenge is intense as the US wages, and salaries
for workers have increased by 5% in 2022 (Bezos, 2021). There is a need for the company to
undertake significant change approach by improving the supply chain and rewarding the
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employees through increased salaries and bonuses. It is essential for the company to double
up its digital presence by innovating the change of operations of the company (Arcieri, 2022).
Secondary Data Evaluation
For the purpose of analyzing the current situation of Amazon, it important to analyse
the context and situation of the company through the use of the models and frameworks
which includes value Chain
analysis and Porter’s five forces. The
Value Chain analysis will
consider the primary an supporting activities of the organization. While on the other hand, the
opportunities and threats lies external to the business environment of Amazon. Based on the
analysis of the suitability and the challenges that need to be overcome by Amazon, a
successful business strategy will be developed. Another mode
l that will be utilized is Porter’s
five forces where the threats and opportunities of different forces will be analyzed depending
upon the different factors that affect its existence. Amazon already has a competitive
advantage considering its market presence which will help the company to overcome the
threats.
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Value Chain Analysis
The role of value chain analysis helps the company track its infrastructure and other
operational activities which helps Amazon understand how the value chain can create more
value for the company. The business model of Amazon focuses on providing better customer
service and support so that the end conclusion can result in more operational profit for the
company. Various key activities are part of value chain activities for the company and the
factors are procurement of materials for building infrastructure, efficient sales team and
marketing team that helps the company generate business activities and results in more profit
for the company. The strong value chain analysis helps understand the strength of the
company and is discussed below in detail
(
Esper, 2021)
.
Inbound Logistics- The company has a strong reach in providing logistical support to its
customers for delivery and easy returns policy due to its strong reach over the vendors. As the
company does not indulge in manufacturing on its own, its focus is only on providing quality
support and efficient logistics coverage so that the company can expand its operations and
create value chain efficiency for the company
(
Qin and Liu, 2021).
Operations- Amazon does not indulge in any manufacturing operations and its focus is on
building innovation and robust business building and customer reach so that the efficiency in
operations is visible through large geographical coverage and
dealing with customers’
queries, complaints and order processing in an efficient way. The increased reach and
sophistication of the products and services have resulted in gaining a competitive edge over
the likes of Walmart and other retailers (Miller, 2022).
Outbound Logistics- The value of outbound logistics in the value chain analysis of Amazon
help to create the highest value as the company has one of the most efficient outbound
logistics support in the entire world. Outbound logistics is connected with fulfilment centres
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across the globe and the huge warehouses have helped the company deliver easy orders
supply chain and smooth returns policy that helps the company gain huge access to the
market. The fulfilment centres are very strategically located in different spheres of the
geography so that the fulfilment centres are connected and the coverage of wide geographies
will result in huge operations building and revenue sources for the company.
Marketing and sales- The company has a huge presence in marketing and other operations
due to its deep pocket and support of finance and the company has spent highly in advertising
and marketing the range of products and services offered. Huge coverage in online and
offline advertising has resulted in a strong tactical approach for the company and the
company has gained huge benefits from it. Due to an efficient sales and marketing team, the
company has been able to successfully build multiple verticals of businesses and expansion in
other verticals creating profitability through multiple venues.
Service- The service of the company from the customer's point of view is very rewarding and
fulfilling as the company follows the priority of the customer and provides different benefits
to retain customers and increase the customer base for the company. It helps the company
gain value chain analysis and create an edge to stay in the market and survive critical times.
The loyalty of the customer also rewards the company in different ways as the company has
always prioritised customers' points and has given full support and cooperation to the
customers
(
Esper, 2021)
.
Other support activities of Amazon are-
Infrastructure, HRM, technology development and procurement- The support activities also
play an important role as Amazon is a technology company and the advancement in world
operations has been due to increasing innovation in technology. Efficient HR managers make
sure that creative and able minds work for the growth and development of the company. The
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efficiency of suppliers and strong partnerships has led to a huge increase in business
operations and an increasing range of products and services offered by the company. All the
factors contribute to a strong infrastructure that leads to growth and development and creates
a strong value chain for the company.
(Miller, 2022)
The Russia-Ukraine war impacted the entire world in some way or the other. It
disrupted the chances of global economic recovery where the world faced huge trauma from
the COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the economic sanction between multiple counties, it led
to the issue of surge in commodity prices, and further impacted the supply chain which
further led to effect many market across the globe (IANS, 2022). The war further added to the
company’s shock which included higher staff, fuel costs and
another issue in the supply
chain. Russia's invasion of Ukraine is anticipated to have significant detrimental effects on
the world economy from an economic perspective. As a result of Russia being subject to
severe financial sanctions, the confrontation between these two countries is predicted to slow
down global economic development and is expected to affect global businesses on large scale
leading to igniting more inflation due to limited commodity supply and raising the possibility
15
of future escalation. Many predict that the Fed may need to modify its short-term monetary
policy so that it is properly aligned to account for the increased uncertainty that are being
faced by global businesses (Polansky, 2023).
Many small businesses and entrepreneurs are feeling the impact and Amazon is not an
exception, several activities of the company have been impacted which have further lead to
increased pressure on shipping and transportation. As the overall world is looking for the
solution of the same, Amazon also finds it very difficult (Polansky, 2023). The company
reported the supply chain disruption in the year 2021 which lead to the continuous challenge
for the company to come up to a normal situation. The company reported online retail sales
decreased 3% year over year to $51.1 billion, falling short of the $51.9 billion average
estimate from Wall Street (Miller, 2022).
Amazon Web Services' revenue of $18.4 billion, up 37%, was a little bit more than
expected. Amazon being an e-commerce company must respond to the supply chain
disruption by putting into various strategies and actions to respond to the issues. Large and
small online firms have been harmed by supply chain interruptions, which have delayed
inventory purchases, decreased sales, and affected product rankings on Amazon.
It is still
unknown as to how much will these supply chain challenges affect sellers and the world
economy shortly.
Amazon revealed that sales were negatively impacted by unfavourable foreign
exchange rates by $1.8 billion; otherwise, sales would have climbed by 9% (IANS, 2023)
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(SP Global, 2022)
Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
The porter five forces analysis helps understand the market dynamics and current
situation for the company as the changing market scenario has resulted in changing business
strategies and policies to cope with the tough environment. The analysis of Porter’
s Five
Forces helps understand the strengths and weaknesses of Amazon from an industry point of
view and provides ways to resolve to bring growth and sustainability on track (
Esper, 2021)
.
The competitiveness in the business environment due to the impact of the war between
Russia and Ukraine has resulted in shaking global prices issue and concerns of a drastic fall
in business operations. Amazon is a multi-national company and operates in more than 20
leading economies the company finds its growth in business opportunities due to increasing
reach in markets and exposure to new markets due to advancements in technology and other
resources (
Menon and Shah, 2019)
. In the online e-commerce retail operations, Amazon is
the leading global company in the world and the company is faced with numerous challenges
and growth opportunities to grow the business and create long-term sustainability
(Yolga,
2022)
. Porter’s Five Forces analysis prepare
s the analysis in a feasible manner so that the
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details are clear and presentable and provides the strengths and weaknesses that are illustrated
below-
Threat of New Entrant-
In the case of Amazon, the threat from new entrants and emerging
of new global players is very low as the company understands the expansion requires huge
technology advancement and huge investment in different markets leading to high risk for
new entrants to sustain in a global competitive model and continue smooth business
operations. Thus, the threat for Amazon from new entrants is very low and the company can
take time to establish its market and find an edge to compete with other global players that
have sustained in the market for a longer period. Massive investments in different sectors of
business activities like huge technology investment, creating supply and distribution chain
systems, customer loyalty, and logistical operations are tough to operate and the costs to
manage operations will be high for new-age companies.
Bargaining power of buyers-
The creation of a technology-based company requires creating
huge awareness among customers and aiming for customer satisfaction in the long run. The
creation of loyal customers gathered over time will result in increasing customer awareness
and customer participation leading to increased business activities
(Miller, 2022)
. The
customer-centric approach will help customers build trust factor over a period. However,
customers are sensitive in nature and any lower prices from other retailers will lead to
customer portability from Amazon to other online retailers leading to a loss of business
opportunities
(Yolga, 2022)
. Thus, the bargaining power of buyers is always high in the
current market scenario as the customer has to buy power and can switch to other retailers
looking for better opportunities, better quality, or better customer support services. So, in
order to win and create an advantage, Amazon needs to make sure the companies are
following customer needs and preferences and aiming for customer satisfaction to create
winning opportunities for the company in the long run (
Sodhi and Tang, 2021).
18
The threat of substitutes-
The threat of substitutes of customers is a big looming threat for
e-commerce and other online retailers as the company operates in a highly competitive
industry and creating an edge in the business activities is very necessary to survive
competition in the long run. Switching customers from one company to another is very high
and there is little or no cost involved in switching consumers from one system to other. The
business has no monopoly in the range of products and services offered and the threat of
substitutes always looms for online retailing companies. However, due to heavy investment
and the requirement of leading technology to cover business operations, it results in a
substitute of one or two companies and not multiple companies.
Bargaining power of suppliers-
The bargaining power of suppliers is low in terms of
creating their advantage as the company caters to entire regional end consumers and their
customer reach is very high leading to selling goods in high quantities at the best prices.
Thus, Amazon is able to create an edge in front of suppliers and demand great prices so that
the company can create profitability. The suppliers have a limited upper hand in terms of
bargaining power as the buyer’s market has forced them to work in changing dynamics.
Amazon has drafted rules for its suppliers and they have the upper hand in deciding terms and
pricing to create benefits and increase busine
ss opportunities. Thus, on the basis of Porter’s
Five Forces of Amazon, the company has the bargaining chip and suppliers are left with little
power in the industry
(
Sodhi and Tang, 2021)
.
Competitive Rivalry-
The competitive rivalry is very high between the leading online
retailers as the biggest threat to their business operations is the strong hand of the dominance
of competitors. The company needs to find ways to bring customer stickiness and create a
competitive edge so that the customers give priority to Amazon and the company gets
increased business opportunities. Many startup companies and local brands have also started
selling products online which is leading to increased competition and intense rivalry
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competition leading to price wars, and product wars the companies aim to create a monopoly
tie-up with their suppliers so that the product does not reach competitors.
Recommendations
The company has consistently performed over the years and a lean patch or dull
period results in finding opportunities for investors and other stakeholders to find solutions
from within and create a strong outlook for the company in the future. The analysis of the
business model and challenges has resulted in looking for different opportunities and
innovative solutions to create sustainable business opportunities and create strong business
outlook. In my view, the company has found growth opportunities in expansion and investing
heavily in technology to create a business model where the technology will play a lead role in
building growth opportunities for the company.
The company has rightly aligned its objectives and targets with growth opportunities
and we may see a bright future lying ahead for the company. The critical evaluation of the
company has resulted in building a strong business model and the evaluation helps team
members and senior leaders align with each other and increase communication and other
interactions so that the increasing efforts can lead to creating new business opportunities. The
issue of rising prices of raw materials and other commodities poses a great barrier for the
company but the external factors cant be controlled by the company.
The company needs to prepare well to tackle external forces and create a long-term
target for the company. The issue of supply chain disruption is the biggest effect on the
company and the supply chain shortages have led to an increase in the prices of the products
the company has introduced different pricing strategies so that every rising issue can be met
and the issue of logistics in the global network has affected the supplies in different parts of
the globe. Another key recommendation in my view is diversifying suppliers and
20
manufacturers from different global markets so that the company cannot get severely
impacted due to shortages of materials and other supply chain scarcity of materials.
Another key recommendation would be drafting a risk management plan or a
contingency plan for procuring materials from different markets at competitive prices as the
company cannot get severely affected otherwise global shortage issues will lead to loss of
business activities or closure of businesses in some markets. Strong relationship building with
suppliers, as well as customers, will lead to the creation of multiple venues for profit and
growth and the company should focus on reviving better relationships between customers as
well as suppliers in international markets.
The company should create different storage facilities and warehouses in different
markets so that the stock in hand should be able to manage orders and demands for a longer
period so that market disturbances can be sorted while the stock holding in godown can be
used to maintain business relations with consumers. Amazon is a technology company and
the company has always invested in technologies of the future and built a business frame on
the basis of advancement in the field of technology and the developments associated with it.
The company should continue investing in research and development activities for the
benefit of mankind and create an innovative range of products so that the company can strive
in tough market conditions and expand to new markets and emerge as a leader in the retailing
business. The use of AI and ML in the company will lead to better demand creation and
resolving different supply chain issues so that the company can serve the customer better with
the right choices and increase business output.
Conclusion
The key issues are supply chain disruption, shortage of raw materials, rising prices,
high inflation, and increase in commodity prices. The issues identified have been evaluated
21
through the use of the models and frameworks and it helped to solve the purpose of the
report. The purpose of the report has been addressed by analyzing the problems that the
company faces as a result of Russia Ukraine war. The recommendations mentioned above
will help Amazon to overcome the threats of its competitors and will also help to address
various issues. The consultancy report aimed to fulfill and solve the problems identified with
its global supply chain and other associated issues. The various difficulties of the company
Amazon has been assessed and then the stakeholder analysis is conducted to determine how
the overall issues faced by the company will impact its stakeholders. The suggestions are
produced for the client company Amazon through the use of recommendations that need to be
implemented to overcome the potential identified issues.
Amazon has maintained its name and image as one of the most successful and
comprehensive online merchants in the world despite difficulties along the road, such as
litigation alleges, supply chain, and inflation patent infringement. The rivalry from physical
stores, which are starting and taking a further step to more frequently match online rates and
provide free delivery, through copying Amazon’s
business strategy is one of the biggest
problems the company will face shortly. The problem, according to Denning (2015), is that
"brick-and-mortar stores have begun matching prices and providing instant pickup considered
flaw at Amazon is shipping costs.
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References
Arcieri, K. (2022) Amazon faces recruitment, retention challenges as labor competition
grows, S&P Global Homepage. Available at:
https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-
headlines/amazon-faces-recruitment-retention-challenges-as-labor-competition-
grows-71825891 (Accessed: March 2, 2023).
Bezos, J. (2021)
How Amazon thinks about competition
,
Harvard Business Review
. Available
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Chiles, C.R. and Dau, M.T., 2005.
An analysis of current supply chain best practices in the
retail industry with case studies of Wal-Mart and Amazon. com
(Doctoral dissertation,
Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
Detjen, H. (2021)
Amazon's weak points: Where the competition overtakes
. Available at:
https://remazing.eu/en/2021/07/12/amazons-weak-points-where-the-competition-is-
overtaking-the-e-commerce-giant/ (Accessed: March 2, 2023).
Esper, T.L., 2021. Supply chain management amid the coronavirus pandemic.
Journal of
Public Policy & Marketing
,
40
(1), pp.101-102.
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Impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on retail industry -
thematic research
,
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