Week 5 lab ap 255

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Chamberlain University College of Nursing *

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255

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Biology

Date

Jan 9, 2024

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pdf

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4

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Week 5 Immune System Learning Objectives: • Discuss the fundamental need for the immune system. • Identify physical and chemical barriers against pathogenic invasion. • Describe mechanisms of immune invasion by pathogens. • Predict the outcome of scenarios of immune deficiency. • Summarize the key features of innate and adaptive immune responses. • Describe antigen-antibody interactions. • Classify immune cell types by their role in responses. • Define immunological memory and its importance. Introduction: Immunity refers to the body's ability to defend itself against disease and infection. Immunity can be categorized into two different forms: innate or adaptive. We will explore the 2 types of immunity. Have you ever wondered what infections look like from the pathogen’s perspective? If our immune systems are so amazing, why do we get sick at all? The immune system is a complex army of cells and tissues that work together to protect your body from infection. In this simulation, you’ll play the part of a pathogen and try to establish an infectious colony within a human body. You will come face to face with the major cells and organs of the immune system. As the immune system fights back, you will gain a unique perspective on how immune cells work to destroy incoming pathogens. By exploring data maps from pivotal moments in human history you will see how an individual’s immunological status contributes to the health of their community and the spread of disease worldwide. You’ll meet the key cells involved in immune memory and exp lore the role of immunization in protecting people from preventable diseases. You will undertake a series of challenges in preparation for an important global health investigation. Assignment: Part 1 Labster “ Introduction to Immunology: Explore the immune system and save the world ” As you complete the lab, have the lab report ready to record data. The theory section is a helpful resource. Part 2 Complete the lab report.
Immune System Lab Report 1. Describe components of the immune system by completing the following chart (see theory): (½ point each for total of 3.5 points) Description/Function Innate immunity The first line of defense for the body against germs and foreign substance that enters the body. You are born with this Adaptive immunity Mean to destroy invading pathogens and toxic molecules they encounter. They attack what is foreign to the host and not what is of the host. IgG Higher in number and found within the blood they neutralize the toxins,viruses and bacteria Active complement IgM A first line defense against infections binds to the antigen and activate the complement system IgA Most abundant of the antibodies protects the mucosal tissue from microbe invasion IgE Plays a a role in pathogenesis to allergic reactions basophil activation Thymus Responsible for the maturation for the immune cells ; this includes t-lymphocytes.
2. What is the primary mode by which a macrophage engulfs pathogens? (1/2 point) Phagocytosis 3. What is a major functional difference between B cells and T cells? (½ point) B cells produce antibodies to fight infection, T cells protect by destroying invading, infected or cancerous cells 4. Pathogens have been mutating and sharing resistance genes for millions of years. As such they have developed some very effective methods to evade, subvert and destroy the immune response. Identify 2 methods of immune evasion. ( 1/2 point each for total of 1 point) Antigenic variation, pathogens change their surface protein to avoid immune response. Antigen disguise parasites cover themselves with host proteins to be considered part of the host which they are able to avoid immune response. 5. Record the data from the samples: (½ point each box for total of 4 points) Antibody detected Sample 1 Sample 3 Sample 7 Sample 8 IgM - + - + IgG + + - - 6. Interpret the results of Samples 1, 3, 7, and 8 by completing the following chart. Consider the significance of the presence or absence of IgM and/or IgG. (½ point per box for total of 4 points) Evidence of current exposure/infection? (yes or no) Evidence of previous exposure only with no current infection? (yes or no)
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Sample 1 No Yes Sample 3 Yes Yes Sample 7 No No Sample 8 Yes No 7. Discuss the benefit of vaccinations. ( 1 1/2 points) The benefits of vaccinations far outweigh the options of not getting it. For one you are able to almost immune to the variants you are being vaccinated against. Also. Not being sick is a great benefit and also not passing away is a great benefit as well. Grading Rubric for Lab Report Activity Deliverable Points Part 1 Complete Labster 15 Part 2 Complete lab report 15 Total Complete all lab activities 30

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