Cancer Scientific Literacy Project

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Indian River State College *

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1005

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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BSC1005 Unit Cancer – Scientific Literacy Project Total points possible: 80/80 Let’s exercise our scientific literacy and reasoning skills to determine if you would buy a product that is marketed to you using science claims. Instructions: Work on this assignment independently. Please answer each question with complete sentences and proper grammar. Type your answers. 1) Look at this meme that was posted on Facebook. What is the claim of this meme? (2 pts) The claim the meme makes is that the usage of 5G causes cancer. It is also claiming that stopping the usage will better your health. Image 1 2) From the Cancer Unit, explain in detail the relationship between the cell cycle, cell cycle checkpoints, and cancer. (10 pts) The relationship between the cell cycle and cancer is that a mutation causes the cells to divide uncontrollably. The cell cycle is manipulated to never end, resulting in cancer cells being immortal. 1

BSC1005 Unit Cancer – Scientific Literacy Project Total points possible: 80/80 3) Below is a graph published in a peer-review primary source. Analyze the graph and list, in order of greatest to least, the top 3 risk in factors that could lead to cancer. (3 points) Cigarette smoking, excess body weight and alcohol. 4a) Wireless communication systems use radio frequencies to carry information through the air. Using a search engine (e.g. Google), find 2 scientific reliable sources that explains how 5G wireless communication technology works. Cite the 2 sources you used to learn about “5G” using the a) author or institution of the website, b) title of the website/article and c) the URL/link for each. (5 pts) Citation 1: Dangi, Ramraj et al. “Study and Investigation on 5G Technology: A Systematic Review.” Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 22,1 26. 22 Dec. 2021, doi:10.3390/s22010026 Citation 2: Mitra, Prasenjit. “How 5G Works, According to an Electrical Engineer.” PBS , Public Broadcasting Service, 18 Jan. 2022, https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/how-5g-works-according-to-an-electrical- engineer. 2

BSC1005 Unit Cancer – Scientific Literacy Project Total points possible: 80/80 4b) Based on your sources, in 2-4 sentences, explain how 5G wireless communication technology works. Additionally, in regards of how is 5G different then earlier versions of wireless communication? (10 pts) 5G is the fifth generation of cellular network technology. 5G works by using higher-frequency waves to encode and transfer information. 5G compared to 4G offers 10 times more bandwidth. 5G is also cost- effective. 5a) Find two reliable scientific sources about risk factors of cancer, cancer, and any relationship between 5G and cancer. List your two sources using Author (if present), Name of article, Date (if present), Name of website, and a URL link or a DOI: (5 pts) i. Citation 1: Hardell, Lennart, and Michael Carlberg. “Health risks from radiofrequency radiation, including 5G, should be assessed by experts with no conflicts of interest.” Oncology letters vol. 20,4 (2020): 15. doi:10.3892/ol.2020.11876 ii. Citation 2: European Parliament . July 2021, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2021/690012/EPRS_STU(2021)690012_EN.pdf. 3

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BSC1005 Unit Cancer – Scientific Literacy Project Total points possible: 80/80 5b) Identify if the source is primary or a secondary source. Justify why you consider these sources to be “reliable scientific sources.” (10 pts) i. Citation 1: This source is secondary. I consider this to be reliable as it was found on the national library of medicine. ii. Citation 2: This source is primary. I believe this is reliable because it was written by the Scientific Foresight Unit in Europe, which is made up by scientists and doctors. 6) Organize the information you learned about 5G and cancer. Based on your course material, your research, the peer reviewed graph, and the statements you wrote in questions 2-5, what information did you find that supports the meme and/or what information did you discover that is against the meme. Place the information in the either “Evidence in favor of the claim” or “Evidence against the claim” in the following table: (both sides need not be equal and at least 5 must be written) (15 pts) Write the claim from Q1: Evidence in favor of the claim Evidence against the claim “This 5G report concluded that there is an absence of short-term health impacts and an absence or insufficient evidence of long-term effects” “Furthermore, it was reported that there is limited evidence for glioma, neurilemmoma (schwannoma) and co- carcinogenic effects, and insufficient evidence for effects on children from prenatal exposure or from their own mobile phone use” “The review shows: 1) 5G lower frequencies (700 and 3 600 MHz): a) limited evidence of carcinogenicity in epidemiological studies” 4

BSC1005 Unit Cancer – Scientific Literacy Project Total points possible: 80/80 “5G higher frequencies (24.25-27.5 GHz): the systematic review found no adequate studies either in humans or in experimental animals.” . 5G is not a wholly new technology, but an evolution of already existing G1 to G4 technologies. 7) Interpret the evidence organized in the above table. Overall, what is the pattern of the evidence in relationship to the claim? (5 pts) The evidence is showing that the claim, 5G causes cancer, is false. 8) Based on your course work, research, and your analysis of the gathered evidence, do you believe the claim in the meme? Why or why not? In 3-4 sentences, justify your decision. (15 pts) I do not believe the claim that 5G causes cancer. Research is showing that there is no relationship between the two. 5G is not a new technology, “5G is not a wholly new technology, but an evolution of already existing G1 to G4 technologies. ” (European Parliament). Another piece of evidence that disproves the claim is, “ This 5G report concluded that there is an absence of short-term health impacts and an absence or insufficient evidence of long-term effects” (Hardell). 5

Cancer Scientific Literacy Project

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