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Apr 3, 2024

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Name: Arjun Mahesh, Date: 1/24/24 In this investigation, you will observe the release of O 2 and CO2 into the environment. Gas production by two types of organisms will serve as evidence of photosynthesis and cellular respiration in action. In part 1, you will vary the amount of sugar present and observe the effect on cellular respiration. You will also observe how the rates of these processes vary as environmental conditions vary. In part 2, you will vary the amount of light and observe the effect on photosynthesis. Be sure to: Follow safe practices during this investigation. Dispose of the yeast solutions and the water by pouring them down the kitchen sink. The plants should be placed in the trash. Materials 6 clean, small-mouth bottles (plastic or glass) Permanent marker 3 large drinking glasses (clear plastic or glass) Tape (clear or masking) Distilled water or dechlorinated tap water Baking soda Scissors 3 sprigs (4 – 6 inches long) of a living plant* Strong light source (e.g., sunny windowsill, table lamp, flashlight [no LEDs]) Teaspoon measure 3 packets of dry baker's yeast
cup of granular sugar Measuring cup Tap water, very warm 6 medium balloons (12 inches) Clock Measuring tape *Suggestions (water plants): waterweed ( Elodea canadensis ) or stonewort ( Chara ), found in freshwater streams and at pet stores Suggestions (landscape plants): fresh cuttings of the new growth of tender plants such as roses or rosemary, or seedlings of beans, radishes, or tomatoes Procedure Part 1: Observing Evidence of Cellular Respiration To observe evidence of cellular respiration in action, prepare the following experimental setup. 1. Use a marker to label 6 clean bottles: #1: No sugar #2: No sugar #3: Some sugar #4: Some sugar #5: More sugar #6: More sugar 2. Pour 1 teaspoon of dry yeast into each bottle. 3. Add 1 teaspoon of sugar to bottles 3 and 4 and 2 teaspoons of sugar to bottles 5 and 6. 4. Pour 1 cup of very warm tap water into each bottle. Be sure that the tap
water feels warm on your hand but not uncomfortably hot. 5. Blow up and deflate each balloon two times to stretch it. Then put some water in each balloon and immediately empty it to make sure each balloon is fully deflated. 6. Pull the opening of a balloon over the opening of each bottle. Be sure that each balloon's opening fully covers its bottle. Gently swirl the bottles to mix the ingredients. 7. Place the bottles in a warm, dark location such as a kitchen cabinet. This will eliminate light as a possible cause of any changes. Observe the bottles at 15- minute intervals. Notice any changes that occur in the bottles or to the balloons. Record your observations under "Data for Part 1." 8. After 2 hours, use a measuring tape to measure the circumference of (length around) each balloon, being sure to measure at the widest part. Record your measurements in the data table under "Data for Part 1." Data for Part 1: Observing Evidence of Cellular Respiration (10 points) What changes, if any, did you notice in the bottles or balloons as you made observations? (4 points) The balloon on the bottle with no sugar did not do anything The balloons that had sugar took about 1 hour to blow up The balloons worth sugar expanded more I also noticed form with the bottle that contained sugar
Data Table for Observing Cellular Respiration (6 points) Circumference of balloon (inches) No sugar Some sugar More sugar Trial 1 (bottles 1, 3, & 5) 0 in 6.5 in 8.5 in Trial 2 (bottles 2, 4, & 6) 0 in 5.5 in 10.5 in Part 2: Observing Evidence of Photosynthesis To observe evidence of photosynthesis in action, prepare the following experimental setup. 9. Use a marker and tape to label 3 clean clear drinking glasses: #1: 0 inches #2: 10 inches #3: 20 inches 10. Place a pinch of baking soda in each glass. The baking soda adds CO 2 to the water when it dissolves. 11. Fill each drinking glass with room-temperature water; use either distilled water or dechlorinated tap water. 12. Get 3 sprigs of a living plant, and cut about ½ inch from the end of the stem with scissors. Making a fresh cut at the end of the stem ensures that the cells there are still living. Gently crush the end of the stem between your fingers.
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