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Apr 3, 2024

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Lee 1 of 5 Madison Lee Professor Estefano Biol 1500 - Lab 12 March 2024 Lab Homework 5 Table 1: Average Enzyme Activity for the pH Condition Enzyme Activity (A/s) pH Average SD Acidic -4.42E-05 1.97E-05 Neutral 1.49E-04 3.88E-05 Basic 5.03E-04 1.87E-04 Figure 1: Average of Enzymes. As the pH balance changes from Acidic-Basic, the average increases. The y-axis showcases the average enzyme activity, while the x-axis represents the pH conditions.
Lee 2 of 5 Table 2: Concentration Condition Effects Enzyme Activity Average Enzyme Activity (A/s) Enzyme Concentration Average SD Low -2.20E-04 9.88E-04 Medium 6.84E-04 1.73E-04 Medium-High 1.89E-03 3.13E-04 High 2.78E-03 0.0003239 Figure 2: Average Based on Concentration. The average of the enzyme continuously increased as the enzyme concentration went from low to high. The y – axis represents the average concentration of enzyme, and the x-axis represents the enzyme concentration.
Lee 3 of 5 Table 2: Temperature Conditions Effect on Enzyme Activity Average Enzyme Activity (A/s) Temperature Average SD 4°C 6.42E-05 1.45E-04 20°C 1.93E-04 6.92E-05 32°C 2.47E-04 1.15E-04 60°C 2.00E-04 5.23521E-05 Figure 3: Average Based on Temperature Conditions. With a curvature to the graph, it showcases an increase from 4°C-20°C, peaking at 32°C and decreasing after that. The temperature affects the average enzyme activity. The y-axis represents the average enzyme activity, and the x-axis represents the temperature conditions.
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Lee 4 of 5 Lab Notebook Questions 1. What was the enzyme that was used and why? Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is the enzyme used in this lab. It was used because it catalyzes the hydrolysis of a phosphate group attached to proteins or lipids in vivo. 2. What created the color change and how? The color change was yellow, and this occurred because the hydrolysis of the phosphates yields para nitrophenol which is yellow. Which then causes the in vitro substrate, para nitrophenol-phosphate (pNPP), which is colorless, to turn yellow. 3. Why was alkaline buffer used for Parts 2 and 3 but not for Part 1? Parts 2 and 3 needed alkaline buffer, but Part 1 did not, because a buffer is a solution that resists pH changes when a little amount of strong acid or base is acid. 4. Why was it essential to wait to add the enzyme? Waiting to add the enzyme is crucial because solution D contains a high concentration of enzyme. Part 1 predicted the ideal pH for enzyme ALP activity; therefore, it is a must to wait for the cuvettes in the spectrophotometer to be accurate. 5. Collect four peer-reviewed sources on the topic of enzyme properties, effect of environmental conditions on enzyme activity, or ALP for the enzyme lab report. Your response to this question must be consistent of four appropriate APA-style citations. Robinson P. K. (2015). Enzymes: principles and biotechnological applications. Essays in biochemistry, 59, 1 – 41. https://doi.org/10.1042/bse0590001 Yang, H., Lei, M., Huang, L., Wang, Y., Sun, N., Ban, L., Wang, X., & Zhang, H. (2022). Study on the effects of environmental factors on enzyme activities during growth of
Lee 5 of 5 Hypsizygus marmoreus. PloS one, 17(8), e0268107. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268107 Sharma, U., Pal, D., & Prasad, R. (2014). Alkaline phosphatase: an overview. Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB, 29(3), 269 – 278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-013- 0408-y

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