Chapter_012-1

Chapter 12

280 Chapter 12 ■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ Chapter Twelve MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ Name: In the box write the letter of the choice that is the definition of the term or best answers the question. There is only one correct answer for each question. 1. Tubes that bifurcate from the windpipe: ............................. ............... E A. Alveoli B. Bronchioles C. Sinuses D. Adenoids E. Bronchi 2. Uppermost portion of the lung: ...... B A. Hilum B. Apex C. Base D. Lobe E. Diaphragm 3. Space between the lungs in the chest: .............................. ............. C A. Pleura B. Peritoneum C. Mediastinum D. Trachea E. Bronchial tubes 4. Nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue: .. C A. Mucosa B. Adenoids C. Visceral pleura D. Paranasal sinuses E. Epiglottis 5. Pulmonary parenchyma: ................ B A. Trachea B. Pharynx C. Alveoli and bronchioles D. Red blood cells E. Cilia 6. Removal of the voice box: ........... C A. Larnygectomy B. Pharnygectomy C. Laryngectomy D. Esophagectomy E. Pharyngectomy 7. Phren/o means: ............................ E A. Lung B. Chest C. Membrane around the lung D. Air sac E. Diaphragm

Chapter 12 ■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ 281 14. Stridor occurs in which upper respiratory disorder? ...................... A A. Croup B. Diphtheria C. Asthma D. Epistaxis E. Pneumonia 15. Difficult breathing: ......................... B A. Anosmia B. Dyspnea C. Dysphonia D. Tachypnea E. Hypoxia 16. Bronchial airway obstruction marked by paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing, and cough: ................................ ...... E A. Pleurisy B. Epistaxis C. Cor pulmonale D. Diphtheria E. Asthma 17. Collapsed lung: ............................... A A. Pneumonitis B. Endotracheal C. Thoracotomy D. Atelectasis E. Tracheoesophageal fistula 18. Material is expelled from the lungs: .. B A. Rhinorrhea B. Bronchiolitis C. Sinusitis D. Expiration E. Expectoration 19. Localized area of pus formation in the lungs: ............................... D A. Pulmonary edema B. Pulmonary embolism C. Pleural effusion D. Pulmonary abscess E. Pleurisy 20. Spitting up blood from the lungs: .................................. .......... E A. Pleurodynia B. Hematemesis C. Hemothorax D. Hydrothorax E. Hemoptysis 21. Tube is placed through the mouth to the trachea to establish an airway:... A. Endotracheal intubation A B. Tracheostomy C. Tracheotomy D. Thoracentesis E. Laryngoscopy 22. PPD: ............................................ . C A. Pulmonary function test B. Type of lung x-ray C. Drug used to treat pneumonia D. Tuberculin test E. None of the above 23. Airway obstruction associated with emphysema and chronic bronchitis ..... A. RDS B B. COPD C. CPR D. SOB E. IPPB 24. Which of the following is an endoscopic examination? ................ A A. Tracheostomy B. Lung scan C. Thoracentesis D. Bronchoscopy E. Auscultation 25. Hypercapnia: ................................ C A. Increased oxygen to the tissues B. High blood pressure C. High carbon dioxide levels in the blood D. Decreased carbon dioxide in the blood E. Decreased oxygen in the blood

282 Chapter 12 ■ VOCABULARY QUIZ Chapter Twelve VOCABULARY QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 484–485) A. Match the following terms with their meanings below: adenoids bronchi alveolus cilia apex of the lung diaphragm base of the lung epiglottis bronchioles expiration 1. Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract cilia 2. Lower portion of the lung base of the lung 3. Branches of the trachea leading into the lungs bronchi 4. Lymphatic tissue in the nasopharynx adenoids 5. Tip or uppermost portion of the lung apex of the lung 6. Breathing out (exhalation) expiration 7. Small branches of the tubes leading into the lungs bronchioles 8. Muscle separating the chest and abdomen diaphragm 9. Air sac in the lung alveolus 10. Lid-like piece of cartilage covering the larynx epiglottis B. Match the following terms with their meanings below: glottis mediastinum hilum of the lung nares inspiration palatine tonsil larynx paranasal sinus lobe of the lung pharynx 1. Voice box larynx 2. One of a pair of masses of lymphatic tissue in the oropharynx palatine tonsil 3. Openings through the nose carrying air into the air passageways nares 4. Breathing in inspiration 5. Slit-like opening to the voice box glottis 6. Region between the lungs in the thoracic cavity mediastinum 7. Throat pharynx

284 Chapter 12 ■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ Chapter Twelve TERMINOLOGY QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 465–470) A. Using the following word parts, build or complete medical terms from the definitions below: adenoid/o capn/o -al -itis alveol/o coni/o -ar -osis bronch/o epiglott/o -ectasis -spasm bronchi/o pleur/o -ectomy -trophy bronchiol/o pneum/o -ia hyper- 1. Pertaining to an air sac: alveolar 2. Dilation of a bronchial tube: bronchiectasis 3. Increased development of adenoids: adenoid hyper adenoid hypertrophy 4. Inflammation of small bronchi: bronchiolitis 5. Tightening (involuntary contraction of muscles) of a bronchus: bronchospasms 6. Abnormal condition of dust in the lungs: pneumoconioses 7. Removal of the adenoids: adenoidectomy 8. An abnormal connection between a bronchial tube and the pleural cavity: bronchopleural fistula 9. High levels of carbon dioxide in the blood: hypercapnia 10. Inflammation of the piece of cartilage over the trachea: epiglottitis B. Using the following word parts, build or complete medical terms from the definitions below: cyan/o ox/o -itis laryng/o pector/o -pnea lob/o -al -scopy mediastin/o -ectomy -spasm nas/o -eal ex- orth/o -ia para- 1. Inflammation of the voice box: laryngitis 2. Visual examination of the central area of the chest: mediastenoscopy 3. Involuntary contraction of muscles in the voice box: spasmodic dysphonia 4. Bluish discoloration of the skin: cyan osis 5. Cavities within the skull near the nose: paranasal sinuses 6. Removal of a lobe of the lung: lobectomy 7. Pertaining to the voice box: larynxal

Chapter 12 ■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ 285 8. Breathing is easier in an upright position: orthopnea 9. Process of expelling sputum from the chest: expectora tion 10. Condition of decreased oxygen: hyp oxia C. Using the following word parts, build or complete medical terms from the definitions below: pharyng/o pneum/o -al -ectomy phon/o pneumon/o -ary -ia phren/o pulmon/o -dynia -rrhea pleur/o rhin/o -eal -plasty 1. Pain associated with the chest muscles: pleuro 2. Hoarseness (abnormal sound) of the voice: dys phonia 3. Pertaining to the throat: pharynx 4. Discharge from the nose: nasal discharge 5. Nerve that sends messages to the diaphragm: phren ic nerve 6. Removal of a lung: pneumonectomy 7. Accumulation of air in the chest: pneumo thorax 8. Collection of fluid in the space surrounding the lungs: pleural effusion 9. Pertaining to the lungs: pulmonary 10. Surgical repair of the nose: rhinoplasty D. Using the following word parts, build or complete medical terms from the definitions below: py/o tel/o -ectasis -itis sinus/o thorac/o -ectomy -meter spir/o tonsill/o -ema -tomy sten/o trache/o -ic re- 1. Condition of collapsed lung: a pneumothorax 2. Incision of the chest: thoracotomy 3. Inflammation of cavities in the skull: sinusitis 4. Rhythmic changes in breathing: Cheyne-Stokes respira ion 5. Removal of the tonsils: tonsillectomy 6. Instrument to measure breathing: spirometer 7. Incision of the windpipe: tracheotomy 8. Pertaining to the chest: thoracic 9. Narrowing of the windpipe: trach eal sten osis 10. Collection of pus in the pleural cavity: em pyema

Chapter 12 ■ PATHOLOGY QUIZ 287 Chapter Twelve PATHOLOGY QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 471–477) A. Match the following diagnostic terms with their meanings below: auscultation rhonchi percussion sputum pleural rub stridor rales wheezes 1. Material expelled from the lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting sputum 2. Continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing wheezes 3. Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in density of the underlying structure percussion 4. Loud, rumbling sound heard on auscultation over bronchi obstructed by sputum rhonchi 5. Fine crackling sound heard on auscultation during inhalation rales 6. Scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces roughened by inflammation rubbing against each other pleural rub 7. Listening to sounds within the body auscultation 8. Strained, high-pitched sound made on inspiration; caused by obstruction in the pharynx or larynx stridor B. Match the following respiratory disorders with their explanations below. asthma cystic fibrosis atelectasis diphtheria bronchiectasis emphysema chronic bronchitis epistaxis croup pertussis 1. Nosebleed epistaxis 2. Acute viral infection of infants and children with laryngeal obstruction and stridor croup 3. Chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection in the bronchial tree bronchiectasis 4. Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick, mucous secretions in the respiratory tract that do not drain normally cystic fibrosis 5. Chronic inflammatory disorder of bronchi with airway obstruction, bronchial edema, constriction, and increased mucus production asthma

288 Chapter 12 ■ PATHOLOGY QUIZ 6. Collapsed lung atelectasis 7. Inflammation of bronchi persisting over a long period of time; type of COPD chronic bronchitis 8. Acute infection (membrane forms) of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by Corynebacterium diphtheria 9. Whooping cough: highly infectious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea marked by spasms of coughing pertussis 10. Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls emphysema C. Match the following respiratory pathologic terminology with the descriptions below: lung cancer sarcoidosis mesothelioma pneumonia pleural effusion pulmonary abscess pleurisy pulmonary edema pneumoconiosis pulmonary embolism pulmonary fibrosis tuberculosis 1. Inflammation of pleura pleurisy 2. Chronic inflammatory disease in which small nodules (granulomas) develop in lungs, lymph nodes and other organs sarcoidosis 3. Clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung pulmonary embolism 4. Infectious disease of the lungs caused by bacilli (mycobacteria) tuberculosis 5. Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or inflammatory products pneumonia 6. Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi; non–small cell and small cell are types lung cancer 7. Collection of fluid in air sacs and bronchioles pulmonary edema 8. Dust in the lungs; chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis pulmonary abscess 9. Large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs pneumoconiosis 10. Formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs pulmonary fibrosis 11. Abnormal accumulation of fluid the pleural space pleural effusion 12. Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura mesothelioma

290 Chapter 12 ■ CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ Chapter Twelve CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 478–483) A. Match the following tests and procedures with their descriptions below: bronchoscopy laryngoscopy chest x-ray lung biopsy CT angiography MRI of the chest CT scan PET scan of the lung endotracheal intubation V/Q scan 1. Visual examination of the voice box laryngoscopy 2. Detection device records radioactivity in the lung after injection of a radioisotope or inhalation of radioactive gas V/Q scan 3. Magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest in different planes of the body MRI of the chest 4. Computer-generated series of x-ray images show thoracic structures in cross-section and other planes chest x-ray 5. Fiberoptic endoscopic examination of the bronchial tubes bronchoscopy 6. Radioactive glucose is injected and images show metabolic activity in the lungs PET scan of the lung 7. Removal of lung tissue followed by microscopic examination lung biopsy 8. Placement of a tube through the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and trachea to establish an airway endotracheal intubation 9. PA and lateral films show radiographic images of the thoracic cavity CT angiography 10. Combination of computed tomography and images of blood vessels (with injected contrast) CT scan B. Match the following tests and procedures with their descriptions below: mediastinoscopy tube thoracostomy pulmonary function tests thoracoscopy thoracentesis tracheostomy thoracotomy tuberculin tests 1. Endoscopic visual examination of the area between the lungs mediastinoscopy 2. Heaf, tine and Mantoux tests (based on positive skin reactions) are examples tuberculin tests 3. Large surgical incision of the chest tube thoracostomy

Chapter 12 ■ CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ 291 4. Chest tube is passed through an opening in the chest to continuously drain a pleural effusion thoracotomy 5. Surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space thoracentesis 6. Tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs 7. Visual examination of the chest via small incisions and use of an endoscope pulmonary function tests 8. Surgical creation of an opening into the trachea through the neck tracheostomy

Chapter 12 ■ ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ 293 7. MDI metered dose inhaler 8. NSCLC non small cell lung cancer 9. O 2 10. OSA obstructive sleep apnea a. Device used to deliver aerosolized medication to patients b. Toxoids for vaccination of infants c. Inability to breathe during sleep because of blockage in the airway d. Gas that is inhaled and absorbed through alveoli into the bloodstream e. PA and lateral views are taken in this procedure f. Amount of gas that can be rapidly exhaled after a full inspiration g. Major type of malignancy originating in the lung h. Seriously ill patients are treated in this area of the hospital i. Multiple computerized x-ray views of pulmonary blood vessels are taken j. Difficult breathing with strong physical activity C. On the line provided, give meanings for the following abbreviations, then write each abbreviation next ot its explanation below: 1. PE pulmonary embolism 2. PEEP positive expiratory pressure 3. PFTs pulmonary function tests 4. PND paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea 5. PPD purified protein derivative 6. SCLC small cell lung cancer 7. SOB shortness of breath 8. TB tuberculosis 9. URI upper respiratory infection 10. VATS video assisted thoracic surgery a. Mechanical ventilator setting b. Infectious lung disease caused by bacilli c Clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung d. Respiratory disease that originates in the throat, larynx, or trachea e. Sudden attack of difficult breathing at night

f. Visual examination of the chest using special video assistance g. Spirometer is used for these tests h. Type of lung cancer; “oat cell” cancer i. Difficulty in breathing j. Substance used in test for tuberculosis

Chapter 12 ■ EXERCISE QUIZ 295 D. Complete the medical terms for the following respiratory symptoms: 19. excessive carbon dioxide in the blood: hyper capnia 20. spitting up blood: hemo ptysis 21. hoarseness; voice impairment: dys phonia 22. breathing is possible only in an upright position: ortho pnea 23. nosebleed: epi staxis E. Give meanings for the following medical terms: 24. purulent condition or state, that results in pus formation 25. rales Small clicking, bubbling, or rattling sounds in the lungs 26. auscultation listening to the sounds of the body during a physical examination. 27. pulmonary infarction the result of an occlusion of a distal pulmonary artery F. Match the following terms with their descriptions: asbestosis chronic bronchitis asthma cystic fibrosis atelectasis emphysema bronchogenic carcinoma pertussis 28. Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls emphysema 29. Inflammation of tubes leading from the trachea (over a long period of time) chronic bronchitis 30. Spasm and narrowing of bronchi leading to airway obstruction bronchogenic carcinoma 31. Lung or portion of a lung is collapsed pertussis 32. Malignant neoplasm originating in a bronchus bronchogenic carcinoma 33. Whooping cough; bacterial infection of the pharynx pertussis 34. Inherited disease of exocrine glands leading to airway obstruction cystic fibrosis 35. Type of pneumoconiosis; dust particles are inhaled asbestosis G. Give meanings for the following medical terms: 36. adenoid hypertrophy an obstructive condition related to an increased size of the adenoids 37. tachypnea breathing rate that is higher than the normal breathing rate 38. pleurodynia form of viral myalgia defined by the sudden occurrence of lancinating chest pain 39. pulmonary embolism sudden blockage in your pulmonary arteries, the blood vessels that send blood to your lungs 40. pulmonary edema an abnormal buildup of fluid in the lungs. 41. pulmonary abscess microbial infection of the lung that results in necrosis of the pulmonary parenchyma.

296 Chapter 12 ■ EXERCISE QUIZ H. Match the clinical procedure or abbreviation with its description: bronchioalveolar lavage lung scan (V/Q) CT pulmonary angiography thoracentesis endotracheal intubation tracheostomy 42. Tube is placed through the mouth into the trachea to establish an airway endotracheal intubation 43. Radioactive material is injected or inhaled and images are recorded lung scan (V/Q) 44. After contrast is injected into blood vessels of the lungs, computerized tomographic x-rays are taken CT pulmonary angiography 45. Opening into the trachea through the neck to establish an airway tracheostomy 46. Chest wall is punctured with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural space thoracentesis 47. Fluid is injected into the bronchi and then removed for examination bronchioalveolar lavage I. Give meanings for the following abbreviations: 48. COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 49. PFT pulmonary function tests 50. URI upper respiratory infection