Chapter_011-1

Chapter 11 ■ MULTIPLE CHOICE QUIZ 243 13. Angina is: .................................... E A. Chest pain relieved with nitroglycerin B. An extra heart sound C. An abnormal heart rhythm D. Caused by rheumatic fever E. Associated with Raynaud phenomenon 14. Cardiac arrhythmia: ............................ E A. Calcium channel blocker B. Beta-blocker C. Fibrillation D. Hypoxia E. Atheroma 15. Petechiae: .................................. A A. Small, pinpoint hemorrhages B. Vegetations C. Dilation of large vessels D. Defects, or holes in heart septa E. Hemorrhoids 16. Blood clot forms in a large lower limb vessel: …… ......................................... C A. Aortic stenosis B. Mitral valve prolapse C. Deep vein thrombosis D. Hypercholesterolemia E. Acute coronary syndrome 17. Four separate congenital heart defects: .............................................. A A. Coarctation of the aorta B. Patent ductus arteriosus C. Raynaud disease D. Tetralogy of Fallot E. Peripheral vascular disease 18. Patent means: ................................. B A. Deoxygenated B. Oxygenated C. Open D. Closed E. Half-closed 19. The cause of essential hypertension is: ................................................. A A. Due to some secondary factor B. Pyelonephritis C. Glomerulonephritis D. Adrenal cortex adenoma E. Idiopathic 20. Digoxin: ........................................ A A. Drug used to strengthen the heartbeat B. A calcium blocker C. Used to dissolve emboli D. Used to treat varicose veins E. A strong antibiotic 21. CK, LD, and AST are: ................. C A. Lipids B. Lipoproteins C. Serum enzymes D. Fatty acids E. Nitrate-like drugs 22. ECHO: ............................................... E A. Dye is injected into the blood and x- rays are taken of the heart B. Catheter is positioned in a vein and guided into the heart C. A stress test of cardiac function is performed D. High-frequency sound waves are transmitted into the chest E. Electricity is measured as it flows through the heart 23. Incision of a vein: ............................... C A. Phebotomy B. Phlebitis C. Phlebotomy D. Vasoconstriction E. Ventriculotomy 24. Removal of plaque from the inner lining of an artery: ....................... B A. Endarterectomy B. Arteriography C. Aneurysmectomy D. Ventriculotomy E. Valvuloplasty 25. A Holter monitor is: ........................... D A. An EEG test B. A stress test C. Part of a chest CT scan D. An ECG taken during daily activity E. Part of a cardiac catheterization

246 Chapter 11 ■ TERMINOLOGY QUIZ Chapter Eleven TERMINOLOGY QUIZ Name: (textbook pages 411–414) A. Using the following word parts, build medical terms from the definitions below: angi/o atri/o -ic aort/o -al -oma arter/o -ectomy -plasty arteri/o -gram -sclerosis ather/o -graphy end- 1. Process of recording (x-ray) arteries: graphy 2. Surgical repair of blood vessels: coronary angioplasty 3. Collection of yellowish plaque: atheroma 4. Pertaining to the upper chamber of the heart: atrial flutter 5. New opening between two arteries: an anastomosis 6. Narrowing of the aorta: aortic stenosis 7. Hardening of arteries (yellowish plaque collects): athero sclerosis 8. Removal of the inner lining of an artery: endarterectomy 9. Record (x-ray) of blood vessels: angiography 10. Removal of yellowish plaque (from arteries): atherectomy B. Using the following word parts, build or complete medical terms to match the definitions below: atri/o ventricul/o -genic brachi/o brady- -megaly cardi/o hyper- -osis cholesterol/o tachy- -pathy cyan/o -al my/o -ar myx/o -emia 1. Slow heartbeat: brady cardia 2. High levels of cholesterol in the blood: hyperlipidemia 3. Circulatory failure produced by the heart: congestive shock 4. Pertaining to the upper and lower chambers of the heart: atrioventricular 5. Rapid heartbeat: tachycardia 6. Disease of heart muscle: cardiomyopathy 7. Artery in the upper arm: brachial artery

Chapter 11 ■ PATHOLOGY QUIZ 249 10. Recurrent episodes of pallor and cyanosis primarily in fingers and toes: : Raynaud disease 11. Blockage of blood vessels carrying blood to the legs, arms, kidneys, and other organs: peripheral vascular disease C. Select from the following pathologic terminology to match its description below: acute coronary syndromes beta-blocker cardiac arrest angina biventricular pacemaker cardiac tamponade angiotensin-converting bruit claudication enzyme inhibitor calcium channel blocker auscultation 1. Unstable angina and heart attack; consequences are plaque rupture in coronary arteries: angina 2. Listening for sounds using a stethoscope: auscultation 3. Drug used to treat angina and hypertension; dilates blood vessels stopping the influx of calcium into muscle cells lining vessels calcium channel blocker 4. Abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery: 5. Antihypertensive drug that blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and dilates blood vessels angiotensin-converting 6. Sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action: cardiac arrest angiotensin-converting 7. Chest pain resulting from blood flow being held back from heart muscle: angina 8. Drug used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias by blocking the action of epinephrine at receptor sites on cells: beta-blocker 9. Pain, tension, and weakness in a leg after walking has begun: 10. Device that enables ventricles to beat together so that more blood is pumped out of the heart: biventricular pacemaker 11. Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space: cardiac tamponade

252 Chapter 11 ■ LABORATORY TESTS AND CLINICAL PROCEDURES QUIZ B. Match the following terms with their descriptions below: cardiac catheterization electrocardiography stress test cardiac MRI Holter monitoring thallium 201 scan cardioversion PET scan 1. An ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias Holter monitoring 2. Brief discharges of electricity are applied across the chest to stop arrhythmias (defibrillation) cardioversion 3. Images of the heart are produced with magnetic waves cardiac MRI 4. Thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart through a vein or an artery cardiac catheterization 5. Images show blood flow and myocardial function after uptake of radioactive glucose PET scan 6. Recording of electricity flowing through the heart ECG 7. An exercise tolerance test determines the heart’s response to physical exertion stress test 8. Concentration of a radioactive element is measured to give information about blood supply to heart muscle thallium 201 scan C. Match the following terms with their descriptions below: catheter ablation heart transplantation coronary artery bypass grafting percutaneous coronary intervention endarterectomy technetium Tc99m sestamibi scan extracorporeal circulation thrombolytic therapy 1. Balloon-tipped catheter is inserted into a coronary artery to open the artery (stents are used) percutaneous coronary intervention 2. Drugs to dissolve clots are injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis thrombolytic therapy 3. Arteries and veins are anastomosed to coronary arteries to detour around blockages coronary artery bypass grafting 4. A donor heart is transferred to a recipient heart transplantation 5. Radioactive tracer substance is injected intravenously and taken up by cardiac tissue, where it is detected by scanning technetium Tc99m sestamibi scan 6. Brief delivery of radiofrequency or cryoenergy to destroy areas of heart tissue that may be causing arrhythmias catheter ablation 7. Heart-lung machine diverts blood from the heart and lungs while the heart is repaired extracorporeal circulation 8. Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery endarterectomy

254 Chapter 11 ■ ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ 6. EF ejection fraction 7. ETT exercise tolerance test 8. ETT-MIBI exercise tolerance test combined with a radioactive tracer scan 9. HDL high density lipoprotein 10. LAD left anterior descending a. Recording of the electrical g. Assessment of the heart’s activity of the heart b. Coronary artery ability to cope with increased physical activity h. Recording of sound waves as c. This substance is elevated in congestive heart failure d. Type of lipoprotein in the blood they bounce off structures within the heart i. Measure of the amount of blood that pumps out of the heart with each beat e. Pertaining to the upper and j. Treadmill and radioactive lower heart chambers tracer test physical activity effect on heart f. lung machine Method used by the heart- function C. On the line provided, give meanings for the following abbreviations, then write each abbreviation next to its explanation below: 1. HTN hypertension 2. BP blood pressure 3. CABG coronary artery bypass grafting 4. CCU coronary care unit 5. Cath catheterization 6. CHF congestive heart failure 7. CK creatine kinase 8. CoA coarctation of the aorta 9. CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation 10. CRT cardiac resynchronization therapy

256 Chapter 11 ■ ABBREVIATIONS QUIZ E. Onthe line provided, give meanings for the following abbreviations, then write each abbreviation next to its explanation below: 1. NSTEMI non st elevation MI 2. PAC premature atrial contraction 3. PDA patent ductus arteriosus 4. PCI percutaneous coronary intervention 5. PE pulmonary embolus 6. SVT supraventricular tachycardia 7. SA node sinoatrial node 8. TAVR transcatheter aortic valve replacement 9. TEE transesophageal echocardiography 10. TEVAR thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair 11. VF ventricular fibrillation 12. UA unstable angina a. Catheter with a transducer f. Upper chamber of the heart is placed in the esophagus to obtain ultrasound images of the heart b. Congenital heart condition is beating out of rhythm g. Angioplasty procedures are an example in which a connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta remains open after birth (does not close) h. i. Pacemaker of the heart Serious arrhythmia of the c. Blood clot that lodges in the lower chamber of the heart lung j. Chest pain associated with d. Rapid heartbeats arising partial blockage of a coronary artery from the atria and causing palpitations, shortness of breath and dizziness k. Treatment for an aneurysm of the thoracic aorta e. Type of heart attack l. stenosis Treatment for aortic valve

Chapter 11 ■ EXERCISE QUIZ 259 42. high blood pressure with idiopathic etiology essential hypertension 43. local widening of an artery aneurysm 44. pain, tension, and weakness in a limb after walking has begun claudication 45. clots that travel to and suddenly block a blood vessel emboli G. Give meanings for the following: 46. HDL high density lipoprotein 47. thrombolytic therapy drugs to dissolve clots are injected into the bloodstream of patients with coronary thrombosis 48. cardiac catheterization thin tube is guided into the heart 49. SA node sinoatrial node 50. ECG electrocardiography

260 Chapter 11 ■ DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: VOCABULARY Chapter Eleven DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: VOCABULARY AND TERMINOLOGY Name: A. Dictation of Terms 1. capillaries 2. blood pressure cuff 3. phlebotomy 4. hypoxia 5. inferior vena cava 6. sinus node 7. aorta 8. hypercholesterolemia 9. septa 10. vasodilation 11. subclavian artery 12. atherectomy 13. anastomosis 14. endocarditis 15. thrombolysis 16. pulmonary 17. annuloplasty 18. atherosclerosis 19. cardiomegaly 20. pericardiocentesis B. Comprehension of Terms: Match number of the above term with its meaning below. 1 Smallest blood vessel 2 Instrument to measure blood pressure 3 Incision of a vein 4 Condition of deficient oxygen 5 Largest vein in the body 6 Pacemaker of the heart 7 Largest artery in the body 8 High levels of a fatty substance in the blood 9 Wall between the upper chambers of the heart 10 Widening of a blood vessel 11 Vessel carrying blood to the arm 12 Removal of fatty plaque (from a blood vessel) 13 New connection between two arteries 14 Inflammation of valve on the left side of the heart 15 Breakdown (destruction) of a blood clot 16 Vessel carrying blood to the lungs 17 Surgical repair of a valve 18 Hardening of arteries 19 Enlargement of the heart 20 Surgical puncture to remove fluid between the membranes surrounding the heart

Chapter 11 ■ DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: PATHOLOGY 261 Chapter Eleven DICTATION AND COMPREHENSION QUIZ: PATHOLOGY Name: A. Dictation of Terms 1. hypertension 2. hemorrhoids 3. palpitations 4. embolism 5. angina 6. Raynaud syndrome 7. beta blockers 8. patent ductus arteriosus 9. congestive heart failure 10. tetralogy of fallot 11. murmur 12. endocarditis 13. aneurysm 14. regurgitation 15. anti arrhythmic 16. peripheral arterial disease 17. cyanosis 18. angina B. Comprehension of Terms: Match number of the above term with its meaning below. 1 High blood pressure of idiopathic etiology 2 Varicose veins near the anus 3 Closure (blockage) of a blood vessel 4 Collections of material (clots) that travel to and suddenly block a vessel 5 Chest pain resulting from temporary difference between supply and demand of oxygen to the heart muscle 6 Short episodes of pallor and numbness in fingers and toes due to temporary constriction of arterioles 7 Examples are flutter, fibrillation, and heart block 8 A small duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery, which normally closes soon after birth, remains open 9 The heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood; pulmonary edema may result 10 Congenital malformation of the heart involving four distinct defects 11 An extra heart sound heard between normal beats 12 Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart 13 Local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall 14 Improper closure of a heart valve when the heart is pumping blood 15 Drugs used to treat abnormal heart rhythms and high blood pressure 16 Blockage of arteries in the lower extremities due to atherosclerosis 17 Bluish discoloration of the skin 18 Uncomfortable sensations in the chest

262 Chapter 11 ■ SPELLING QUIZ Chapter Eleven SPELLING QUIZ Name: A. Circle the term that is spelled correctly, and write its meaning in the space provided. 1. capillary capilliary delicate blood vessels 2. ventricle ventracle heart receives blood from an atrium 3. carbon dyoxide carbon dioxide a gas which the byproduct of cellular metabolism 4. vien vein a blood vessel through oxygen 5. myocardium myocardiam the middle muscular layer of the heart wall 6. arterosclerosis arteriosclerosis a type of vascular disease 7. pulmunary pulmonary relating to the lungs 8. tricuspid valve trikuspid valve right atrioventricular valve 9. arterioles arteroiles a very small blood vessel 10. aortia aorta the largest artery in the body B. Circle the term that is spelled correctly. The meaning of each term is given. 11. Pertaining to the heart .............................. 12. Relaxation phase of the heartbeat ............. coronery diastole coronary diostole corenary dieastole 13. Pain ............................................................ angina anjena anjina 14. Abnormal rapid heart rhythm ................... fibrilation filbrilation fibrillation 15. Swollen blood vessels in the rectal region ............................................... hemmorhoids hemmorrhoids hemorrhoids 16. Incision of a vein ....................................... phlebotomy phebotomy phliebotomy 17. Widening of a vessel .................................. vasodialation vassodialation vasodilation 18. Bluish coloration of the skin ..................... cianosis cyanosis cyianosis 19. Traveling clot that suddenly blocks a blood vessel ............................................. embulus embulos embolus 20. Contraction phase of the heartbeat .......... systole sistolle sistole

Chapter 11 ■ PRONUNCIATION QUIZ 263 Chapter Eleven PRONUNCIATION QUIZ Name: A. Underline the accented syllable in the following terms: 1. di as tole 4. peri car ditis 7. ana stomosis 10. coarc ta tion 2. ar te riolitis 5. cor onary 8. phle bot omy 3. sphygmoma nom eter 6. cap illary 9. i dio pathic B. Match the term in Column I with its meaning in Column II: Column I Column II 1. ventricle F A. Contraction phase of the heartbeat 2. petechiae B B. Small, pinpoint hemorrhages 3. hemangioma D C. Largest artery in the body 4. embolus I D. Tumor of blood vessels 5. systole A E. Widening or dilation of a blood vessel 6. septum H F. Lower chamber of the heart 7. aorta C G. Swollen, twisted veins in the rectal region 8. aneurysm D H. Wall or partition within the heart 9. digoxin J I. Floating blood clot or other material 10. hemorrhoids G J. Drug used to reduce abnormal heart rhythms C. Complete the following terms from their definitions: 1. thrombophleb itis Inflammation of a vein 2. tachy cardia Fast heartbeat 3. endarter ectomy Removal of the inner lining of an artery 4. arrhythm ia Condition of abnormal heart rhythm 5. cyan osis Abnormal condition of blue coloration of the skin 6. hypercholesterol emia High levels of cholesterol in the bloodstream 7. myocard ium Muscle layer of the heart 8. vaso dilation 9. thrombo lysis 10. hyp oxemia Widening of a blood vessel Destruction of clots Decreased oxygen condition

264 Chapter 11 ■ DIAGRAM QUIZ Chapter Eleven DIAGRAM QUIZ Name: Label the diagram below using the following terms: Aorta Left ventricle Right atrium Aortic valve Mitral valve Right ventricle Inferior vena cava Pulmonary artery Superior vena cava Left atrium Pulmonary valve Tricuspid valve Pulmonary vein To the head Superior vena cave 1 13 aorta Pulmonary valve 6 7 pulmonary artery To lungs To lungs From lungs Right atrium 3 8 pulmonary veins From lungs 9 left atrium 10 mitral valve 11 left ventricle Tricuspid valve 4 Inferior vena cave 2 Right ventricle 5 12 aortic valve RIGHT SIDE OF THE HEART Coronary arteries LEFT SIDE OF THE HEART

1 superior vena cave Blood enters heart 2 inferior vena cave HEART Pulmonar 5right ventricle Aortic valve yvalve LUNG 11left ventricle 12aorta Mitral valve 8pulmonary vein Left atrium 7lund capillaries 6pulmonary artery 4 tricuspid valve 3 right atrium Chapter 11 ■ FLOW CHART QUIZ 265 Chapter Eleven FLOW CHART QUIZ Name: Label the flow chart using the following terms: Aorta Lung capillaries Right atrium Inferior vena cava Mitral valve Right ventricle Left atrium Pulmonary artery Superior vena cava Left ventricle Pulmonary vein Tricuspid valve CO 2 is exhaled O 2 is inhaled Blood travels to all parts of the body

266 Chapter 11 ■ REVIEW SHEET QUIZ Chapter Eleven REVIEW SHEET QUIZ Name: A. Give meanings for the following combining forms: 1. angi/o vessel 6. aort/o aorta 2. ather/o artery 7. axill/o axilla 3. brachi/o arm 8. coron/o heart 4. my/o mucus 9. pulmon/o lung 5. phleb/o vein 10. ox/o oxygen B. Give meanings for the following combining forms: 1. cyan/o blue 6. vas/o vessel 2. thromb/o clot 7. myx/o mucus 3. atri/o atrium 8. ventricul/o ventricle 4. valvul/o valve 9. ven/o vein 5. sphygm/o pulse 10. vascul/o vessel C. Give meanings for the following suffixes: 1. -constriction narrowing 6. -sclerosis denoting 2. -dilation enlarging 7. -stenosis narrowing 3. -graphy denoting a process 8. -tomy cutting incision 4. -megaly abnormal enlargement 9. -lysis destruction 5. -plasty repair 10. -emia blood D. Give meanings for the following prefixes: 1. brady- slowness 6. inter- between 2. hyper- above 7. tri- denoting three 3. hypo- below 8. tachy- rapid 4. endo- endometriosis 9. peri- surrounding 5. dys- difficult 10. a-, an- without

Chapter 11 ■ MEDICAL SCRAMBLE 267 Chapter Eleven MEDICAL SCRAMBLE Name: Unscramble the letters to form cardiovascular terms from the clues. Use the letters in the squares to complete the bonus term. 1. Clue: Localized widening of an arterial wall ANEURYSM R M E Y U A S N 2. Clue: Contraction phase of the heartbeat SYSTOLE E O S L S T Y 3. Clue: Swollen, dilated veins in the rectal region CARICOSE VEINS R I H E O D R S H M O 4. Clue: Blue discoloration of skin due to hypoxia CYANOSIS O C N S Y S A I BONUS TERM: Clue: Flutter and fibrillation are examples FIBRILLATION